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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the field of epigraphy?
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the study of inscriptions
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Like our own coinage, Roman coins were made from low-cost, base metals and had no intrinsic value. T/F
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False, Roman coinage was made from high-cost base metals like silver/copper
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Palaeography is the study of....?
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It is the study of manuscripts.
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The papyrus plant grows all over the Mediterranean world, which is why Romans used it to make writing materials. T/F
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False, it only grows in Egypt.
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What is the field of numismatics?
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It is the study of coinage.
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The site of Rome was geographically beneficial because…?
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It sits at the only crossing point of the Tiber River. It is not vulnerable to attack by sea because it sits some 15 miles from the coast. The hills of Rome provide natural defenses against attack.The Tiber is navigable up to the point where Rome is situated, giving the city access to the sea. It had access to the nearby salt plains, which provided a needed resource for livestock (and commodity for trade).
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One major influence of Etruscan religion on Roman religion was the practice of divining and interpreting the will of the gods from certain natural phenomena. One example of this is hepatoscopy wherein priests (called haruspices) analyzed…?
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Priests would analyze the liver of sacrificed animals.
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The seven kings of Rome, listed in order, are:
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Romulus, Numa Pompilius (calendar + religion)
Tullus Hostilius (expansion) Ancus Marcius (conquered Latins + bridged the Tiber) Lucius Tarquinius Priscus (Tarquin the Elder) (conquered Sabines, expanded city and drained the forum) Servius Tullius (invented coinage and added temples, as well as greatly improved lower class) Lucius Tarquinius Superbus (Tarquin the Proud) (Tyrant) |
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What is also called the Capitolium and was constructed by the last kings of Rome (either Tarquinius Priscus or Tarquinius Superbus) in the Etruscan temple style?
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the Temple to Jupiter Optimus Maximus
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The kingship of Rome was hereditary and power passed from Romulus to his son. T/F
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False
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As the linguistic, textual, and genetic evidence suggest, the Etruscan people were…?
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Autochthonous; the culture developed in Italy
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As discussed by Matyszak in our first reading, Roman religion was pantheistic (they had many gods; polytheistic), animistic (some minor gods were embodied in particular objects or places), and patriarchal (the principal gods and priests were men). T/F?
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True
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According to tradition, Rome was founded by Romulus in the year…?
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753 B.C.E
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The second king of Rome, Numa Pompilius, was both a Sabine and credited with establishing Roman religious practices. T/F?
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True, Numa Pompilius is well known for his establishing of early Roman religious practices.
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What are the dates for the birth and death of Polybius?
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202 BCE - 120 BCE
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What is one way that the Senate can check (counteract) the powers of the consuls?
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The senate can decree or withhold provisions for the consul’s army.
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Why didn't Ancus Marcius' two sons stand for election to become king?
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His two sons didn’t stand for election because Tarquinius Priscus sent them off on a hunting trip while he stood to be elected.
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What happens to L. Junius Brutus after he helps expel the kings from Rome?
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He is elected consul along with Collatinus, the husband of Lucretia
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What two brothers were known as the "Thunderbolts of War"?
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Publius Cornelius Scipio and Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio.
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What sign of divine favor did Servius Tullius receive?
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His hair caught fire while he was sleeping, but it didnt burn him. Tanaquil interpreted this as a sign that he would be a light in times of perplexity and uncertainty.
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How can the people check (counteract) the power held by the Senate?
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The people have to ratify many of their decisions and their officers, the tribunes, can stop the Senate from meeting or voting.
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Servius Tullius reorganized the citizenry of Rome in a way that ensured each adult Roman male had an equal amount of power and voting rights. T/F?
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False. The citizenry was organized according to wealth and the reforms ensured that the wealthy aristocracy had the greatest sway and power in politics.
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Who does Livy hold up as an example of the ideal Roman woman, who is portrayed as the paradigm of virtue and honor?
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Lucretia, Wife of Collatinus
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Polybius believed Rome had a mixed constitution because it contained elements from what three political forms?
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Kingship, Aristocracy, and Democracy.
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Where would the clientes wait to meet with their patronus?
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In the semi-private part of the house and in the atrium in particular where they could show off through decorative means.
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How does Livy characterize the Roman consul and general Flaminius?
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He lacked any respect for the gods, the senate, and the laws of Rome and was stubborn and temperamental.
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Roman society was not accustomed to visual displays of status. For instance, when in public a wealthy and influential Roman male would dress and act in a way that would not bring attention to himself. T/F?
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False. Rome was a very visual culture and an individual's status was put on display. A wealthy and influential Roman would be distinguished by clothing as well as by the number of clients who might accompany him in public.
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Why were some senators opposed to Scipio Africanus' plan to move the war front to Africa?
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When Rome and Regulus tried this strategy in the First Punic War, it failed miserably.
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What were the results of the Second Punic War?
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Rome gained two new provinces in Spain.
Carthage had to pay 10,000 talents in silver, give up most of their navy, and could not conduct military actions without Rome's approval. Rome was now the foremost power in the Western Mediterranean. |
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What is a lararium?
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A shrine to the household gods where the pater familia made small offerings daily.
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In return for their patronage, what could a patron expect to receive from his private clientes?
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The client will vote for him in an election and the client will accompany the patron in public and in the forum as part of his entourage and as a visual symbol of the patron's status.
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Who was allowed to wear the toga praetexta?
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Young male citizens who have not yet come of age and senators.
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What is the morning meeting between patrons and clients called?
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The salutatio
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What was Hannibal's strategy for winning the war against Rome?
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His strategy was to win over and detach the Italian allies and win the war through attrition.
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What are the dates for Livy's birth and death?
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59 BCE- 17 CE
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How did Romulus die? What happened to him?
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The senators, who had become wary of Romulus' increased powers, ripped him to pieces during a storm.
Romulus was shrouded in a cloud, disappeared, and was thought to have become a god. |
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Livy believed that his contemporary society was wasting by internal decay and evils that plagued his generation. He therefore encouraged his readers to devote their attention to Rome's early history when the life and morals of Romans were unpolluted by wealth, avarice, and luxury. T/F
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True
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The Romans used a dating system based on...
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their annually elected consuls.
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