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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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subdivisions of the thorax
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Thoracic cavity, thoracic wall
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subdivisions of the thoracic cavity
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right and left pleural cavities
mediastinum |
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functions of the thoracic cavity
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breathing, protection, conduit for structures passing through from one body region to another
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Thoracic wall skeletal components
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12 throacic vertebrae (posterior)
sternum (anterior) ribs (lateral) |
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mediastinum borders
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anterior-posterior -sternum to thoracic vertebrae
superior inferior - superior thoracic aperature to the diaphragm |
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superior thoracic aperature
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comp surrounded by skeletal elementers - T1 (poserior)
medial margin of 1st rib (lateral) manubrium of sternum (anterior |
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interior thoracic aperture
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closed by the diaphragm
body of T12 (posterior) 11th and 12th ribs (postero/laterally) cartilaginous ends of ribs 7-10 (anterolaterally) xiphoid process - anterior |
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ribs 2-9 articulations w/ vertebral column
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3 articulations
articulate with the body of its own vertebra and the body of the vertebra above articulates with teh transverse process of it's vertebrae |
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separation b/w superior and inferior mediastinum
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b/w t4 and t5
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anterior mediastinum
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lies b/w the sternum and the pericardium
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posterior mediastinum
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lies b/w the pericardium and thoracic vertebrae
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inferior mediastinum further divisions
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anterior, middle, posterior mediastinum
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middle mediastinum
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pericardium and the heart
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structures that pass through superior thoracis aperture
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esophogus, trachea, blood vessels in neck
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structures that pass through diaphragm
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inferior vena cava - pierces the central tendon of the diaphragm
esophogus - penetrates muscular part aorta - passes posterior (other strucutres pass posterior as well) |
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True ribs
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ribs 1-7 - articulate directly with the sternum
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False ribs
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ribs 8-10 articulate only w/ costal cartilage of the rib above
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Floating ribs
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ribs 11 and 12 - no anterior connection with teh ribs or sternum
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Parts of the sternum
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manubrium (2nd costal cartilage)
body - ribs 3-6 xiphoid process - rib 7 |
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sternal angle
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b/w body and manubrium - level of 2nd rib and T2?
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posterior mediastinum
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lies b/w the pericardium and thoracic vertebrae
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inferior mediastinum further divisions
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anterior, middle, posterior mediastinum
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middle mediastinum
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pericardium and the heart
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structures that pass through superior thoracis aperture
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esophogus, trachea, blood vessels in neck
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structures that pass through diaphragm
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inferior vena cava - pierces the central tendon of the diaphragm
esophogus - penetrates muscular part aorta - passes posterior (other strucutres pass posterior as well) |
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True ribs
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ribs 1-7 - articulate directly with the sternum
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False ribs
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ribs 8-10 articulate only w/ costal cartilage of the rib above
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Floating ribs
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ribs 11 and 12 - no anterior connection with teh ribs or sternum
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Parts of the sternum
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manubrium (2nd costal cartilage)
body - ribs 3-6 xiphoid process - rib 7 |
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sternal angle
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b/w body and manubrium - level of 2nd rib and T4
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structures at T4 level
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arch of the aorta
site where trachea bifurcates separates the superior and inferior mediastinum superior vena cava penetrates periocardium to enter the heart |
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left branchiocephalic vein
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shunts blood from left to right (to deliver deoxygenated blood to the right atrium)
drain left head and neck and left upper limb |
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left hemizygos
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drain posterior and lateral parts of the thoracic wall
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pectoral region divisions
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supericial and deep compartment
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superficial pectoral region contents
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skin, fascia, and breasts
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deep pectoral contents
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muscles and associated structures
deltoid, pec major, subclavius, pec minor |
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Arterial supply to the breast
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axillary, internal thoracic, intercostal arteries
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vascular supply of the thoracic wall
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internal thoracic arteries (run on either side of the anterior thoracic cavity)
posterior and inferior intercoastal arteries (branch from internal thoracic) thoracic aorta |
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innervation of diaphragm
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phrenic nerve - branches of cervical plexus
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structures that pass through clavipectoral fascia
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lateral pectoral nerve
thoracoacromial artery medial pectoral nerve |
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external intercoastal muscles
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most active in inspiration - do not attach to the sternum
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internal intercostal muscles
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most active during expiration - moves inferiorly
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innermost intercostal
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acts w/ internal during expiration
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subcostales
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depresses ribs
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tranversus thoracis
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depresses coastal cartilages
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arterial supply to the muscles of thoracic wall
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mostly posterior and anterior intercostal arteries
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posterior intercostal arteries
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upper 2 supreme intercostal arterior
remaining 9 posterior surface of the thoracic aorta |
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anterior thoracic arteries
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give rise from the internal thoracic artery
each intercostal space - 2 branches of anterior - one below margin of upper rib and the other above margin lower rib and meets posterior |
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drainage of thoracic cavity
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posterior intercostal drain into azygos
anterior - internal thoracic veins |
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Lymphatic drainage of the breast
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into axilla
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Lymphatic drainage of thoracic wall - anterior will drain into...
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anterior - parasternal nodes
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parasternal nodes will drain into...
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right and left bronchomediastinal trunks
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bronchomediastinal trunks drain into
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right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct
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posterior thoracic wall will drain into...
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intercostal nodes
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intercostal nodes will drain into
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directly into thoracic duct or via bronchomediastinal trunks
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