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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A circulating transport system A pump... |
The heart |
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A circulating transport system A conducting system |
Blood vessels |
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A circulating transport system A fluid medium |
Blood |
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Specialized fluid of connective tissue Contains cells suspended in fluid matrix |
Blood |
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An internal transport network |
Cardiovascular system |
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Oxygen & CO2-via RBC Nutrients Hormones Immune system components Waste products |
To transport materials to and from cells |
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6 types of nutrients found in blood |
Protein Carbohydrates Lipids Minerals Vitamins Water |
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.....% of absorption will take place in small intestine |
80% |
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Transport of dissolved substances Regulation of pH & ions Restriction of fluid losses @ injury sites Defense against toxins & pathogens Stabilization of body temp |
Functions of Blood |
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Fluid consisting of water, dissolved plasma protein, and other solutes |
Plasma |
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Sample of whole blood consists of plasma..... Plasma proteins Other salutes Water |
46-63% |
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Albumins(60%) Globulins(35%) Fibrinogen(4%) Regulatory proteins(<1%) |
Plasma proteins |
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37-54% |
Formed elements |
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Platelets WBCs RBCs |
Formed elements |
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Helps with blood clotting Circulate for 9 to 12 days Removed by spleen & liver |
Platelets |
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RBCs make up....of formed elements |
99.9% |
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Erythrocytes transport oxygen |
RBCs |
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Another name for WBCs and part of immune system |
Leukocyte |
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Process of producing formed elements by myeloid and lymphoid stem cells |
Hemopoiesis |
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Process of separating whole blood for clinical analysis into plasma & formed elements |
Fractionation |
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There is ....% of body weight in blood volume(liters) |
7% |
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38 degrees Celsius is normal temp (hotter than body temp) High viscosity(formed elements make it thicker) Slightly alkaline pH(7.35-7.45) |
3 characteristics of blood |
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About....of....make up blood volume More than...of ...is water |
52%;plasma 90%;plasma |
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Transport substances such as fatty acids, thyroid hormones & steroid hormones |
Albumins |
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Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins |
Globulins |
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Clotting(molecules)-insoluble strand of fibrin |
Fibrinogen |
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Liquid part of a blood sample |
Serum |
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This person has a hard time with bleeding |
Hemophiliac |
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The red pigment that gives whole blood its color Binds & transports oxygen & carbon dioxide |
Hemoglobin |
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There are about....of RBCs in 1 microliter of whole blood |
5 mil |
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Packed cell volume; percentage of RBCs in centrifuged whole blood |
Hematocrit |
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Donut shape Small & highly specialized discs Thin in middle & thicker @ edge **high surface & discs bend & flex entering capillaries |
Structure of RBCs |
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Associate easily with oxygen |
Oxyhemoglobin |
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Dissociate easily from oxygen |
De oxyhemoglobin |
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Means no repair & anaerobic metabolism Lives about 120 days after that goes to spleen or liver |
RBCs |
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Hemoglobin breakdown products in urine due to excess hemolysis in blood stream |
Hemoglobinuria |
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Whole red blood cells in urine due to kidneys or tissue damage |
Hematuria |
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This production of RBCs occurs in myeloid tissue(red bone marrow)in adults Stem cells mature to become RBCs |
Erythropoietin |
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......bone marrow can be converted to red bone marrow in extreme cases |
Yellow |
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Amino acids Iron Vitamins B12, B6, & folic acid |
Building RBCs |
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Stimulating hormone for erythropoiesis Secreted when oxygen in peripheral tissue is low(hypoxia) |
Erythropoietin |
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Are genetically determined By presence or absence of RBC surface antigens A,B,Rh or D Type A, B, Ab, or o |
Blood types |
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Do not have hemoglobin Have nuclei &'other organelles |
WBCs |
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Defend against pathogens Remove toxinsb& wastes Attack abnormal cells |
WBCs functions |
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2 groups of WBCs |
Granulocytes Agranulocytes |
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Can migrate out of bloodstream Have amoeboid movement Attracted to chemical stimuli Some are phagocytic(eat other cells) |
WBCs circulation & movement |
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%Never Let My Engine Blow |
Neutrophils 60% Lymphocytes 30% Monocytes 8% Eosinophils 3% Basophils 0% |
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Contains granules with lysosomal enzymes, bactericides |
Neutrophils |
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Excrete toxic compounds -nitric oxide -cytotoxic enzymes Sensitive to allergens Control inflammation |
Eosinophils |
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Small, accumulate in damaged tissue Release histamine(dilates blood vessels) Release heparin; prevents blood clotting |
Basophils |
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Large and spherical Engulf large particles & pathogens Secrete substances that attract immune system cells |
Monocytes |
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Larger than RBCs Migrate in& out of blood Mostly in connective tissues & lymphoid organs Part of the body's specific defense system |
Lymphocytes |
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Endothelial cells contract Endothelial cells release Endothelial plasma membranes become sticky |
3 steps in vascular phase of hemostasis |
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15 sec after injury Platelet adhesion(attachment) Platelet aggregation(stick together) |
Platelet phase |
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30 sec or more after injury Blood clotting Cascade reactions |
Coagulation phase |
