Anatomy - Pelvic Viscera

Front 1

Contractions of bladder musculature act as a _______

Prevents reflux of urine into the ureters during emptying of the bladder

Back 1

sphincter

Front 2

The bladder is free within the extraperitoneal tissue except for this part of the bladder

Back 2

The neck of the bladder

Front 3

In males, the neck is attached to the prostate gland by the ____prostatic ligaments

Back 3

puboprostatic ligaments

Front 4

In the female, the neck is attached to the pelvic diaphragm by _____vesical ligaments

Back 4

pubovesical ligaments

Front 5

Opposing arcades of muscle form a _____ involuntary sphincter at the internal urethral orifice

Back 5

functional

(no anatomical sphincter exists)

Front 6

The urinary trigone is ______

Back 6

smooth

Lacks rugae or folds

Front 7

Fullness and desire to urintate is mediated by ____________ afferents

Back 7

parasympathetic

Front 8

Emptying reflex is the result of parasympathetic innervation of the _____ muscle and voluntary relaxation of the sphincter urethrae

Back 8

detrusor

Front 9

Male ejaculation:

Sympathetic innervation of the _____ urethral sphincter causes active contraction of the bladder neck.

Back 9

internal urethral sphincter

Prevents seminal fluid from entering bladder

Front 10

1. Prostatic
2. Membranous
3. Spongy

Back 10

Three parts of the male urethra

Front 11

Ejaculatory ducts open onto each side of this part of the male urethra

Back 11

Prostatic urethra

Front 12

This part passes through the sphincter urethrare.

On each side of the membranous urethra is a bulbourethral gland

Back 12

Membranous urethra

Front 13

The ducts of the bulbourethral glands enter the proximal part of the ______ urethra

Back 13

spongy

Front 14

Forms a dilated ampulla and then narrows before it joins the duct of the seminal vesicle.

Forms the ejaculatory duct

Back 14

Ductus deferens

Front 15

Superior ends are covered with peritoneum

Do not store sperm.

Release a thick, alkaline secretion that forms most of the seminal fluid

Back 15

Seminal vesicles

Front 16

Formed by the union of the ductus deferens and duct of the seminal vesicle.

Almost completely within the prostate

Back 16

Ejaculatory duct

Front 17

Located between the neck of the bladder and the superior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm.

The prostatic urethra and ejaculatory ducts divide it into a middle lobe (superior to utricle) and two lateral lobes.

Back 17

Prostate.

Most prostatic ducts open into the prostatic sinuses.

Release a milky fluid that constitutes about 1/5 of the semen

Front 18

Parallel to the pelvic brim

Lies at a right angle to the axis of the uterus

Back 18

Vagina

Front 19

The posterior fornix is covered by peritoneum of this pouch

Back 19

rectouterine pouch

Front 20

Uterine tubes communicate with the vagina through the uterine ostium. What is another name for this structure?

Back 20

External os

Front 21

These derivatives of the gubernaculum attach to the uterus near the uterotubal junction

Back 21

Round ligaments of the uterus

Ligaments of the ovary

Both of these ligaments are enclosed by the broad ligament (peritoneum)

Front 22

Contains:
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
Uterine part

Back 22

Uterine/fallopian tubes

Front 23

Fimbriae

Back 23

The margins of the infundibulum with fringed edges

Front 24

The ____ is the widest and longest part of the uterine tube

Back 24

ampulla

Front 25

The _____ is the short, narrow portion that joins the uterus.

Back 25

Isthmus

Front 26

The ovarian surface is/is not covered by peritoneum

Back 26

Not covered by it.

Mesovarium attaches to it.

Front 27

Each ovary is attached to the uterus by the _______ of the ovary

Back 27

ligament

Front 28

The superior end of the ovary is connected to the pelvic brim by a fold of peritoneum called the:

Back 28

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

Conducts the ovarian vessels and nerves

Front 29

This ligament passes from the sides of the cervix to the sacrum and hold it posterosuperioly

Back 29

uterosacral ligaments

Front 30

These ligaments extend along the base of the broad ligament from the cervix to the lateral pelvic walls.

Also serve to hold the cervix immobile

Back 30

Transverse cervical ligaments (aka cardinal)

Front 31

This reflection of peritoneum is between the bladder and the rectum in the male

Back 31

Rectovesical pouch

Front 32

This reflection of peritoneum separates the body of the uterus from the bladder

Back 32

Vesicouterine pouch

Front 33

This reflection of peritoneum separates the uterus from the rectum.

The inferior part of this pouch is on the posterior fornix of the vagina

Back 33

Rectouterine pouch

Front 34

This ligament is continusou with the suspensory ligaments of the ovary.

Back 34

Broad ligament of the uterus

The broad fold contains the uterine tube within its free margin.

Front 35

This part of the broad ligament is next to the sides of the uterus

Back 35

Mesometrium

Front 36

This part of the broad ligament is the posterior portion of the broad ligament attached to the ovary

Back 36

Mesovarium

Front 37

This part of the broad ligament is superior to the mesovarium and surrounds the uterine tube

Back 37

Mesosalphinx

Front 38

The underlying uterosacral ligaments produce these shelf-like folds.

Back 38

Rectouterine folds

Called sacrogenital folds in males

Front 39

These cause severe pain and may cause complete or intermittent obstruction of urinary flow

Back 39

Calculi (stones) in the ureter

Front 40

Can block urinary flow.

Common after middle age.

Back 40

Benign hypertrophy of the prostate. (especially the middle lobe),

Malignant carcinoma of the prostate is also one of the most common tumors of older males.

Front 41

Common cause of female infertility.

Blockage of the uterine tubes caused by this infectious disease

Back 41

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Front 42

Protrusion of pelvic viscera through the pelvic floor to the vagina

Results from severe stretching or tearing of the pelvic diaphragm or cervical ligaments during childbirth

Back 42

Prolapse

Front 43

If blood, pus, or fluid is trapped in the rectouterine pouch, which part of the vagina is the best route to drain it?

Back 43

Go through the posterior fornix of the vagina