Anatomy Lecture 2

Front 1

4 types of tissue

Back 1

Neural, muscular, epithelial, connective

Front 2

Functions of epithelial tissue

Back 2

protection, secretion, transportation of substances into cell or across cell, detection of senesations

Front 3

Endothelium

Back 3

Very thin single layer - simple squamous

Lines circulatory system

Front 4

Mesothelium

Back 4

Thin layer lines the walls and covers the contents of closed body cavities (ex: pericardium)

Front 5

Epithelium

Back 5

Thick often multiple layers attached to basement membrane
Identified by: cell layers - simple or stratified
- shape - squamous, cuboidal, columnar
- surface - micorvilli or cilia

Front 6

Pseudostratisfied columnar

Back 6

Front 7

Stratified

Back 7

Front 8

Simple

Back 8

Front 9

Transitional epithelium

Back 9

Transition between stratified columnar and stratified squamous

Surface of the cells are dome shaped

Front 10

Fibroblast

Back 10

cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, (the structural framework) for animal tissue, and plays a critical role in wound healing

Front 11

Fibrocyte

Back 11

The less active state of a fibroblast, concerned with maintenance

Front 12

Connective tissue

Back 12

Classified based on the density of the matrix:
liquid (blood, lymph)
solid (cartilage, bone)
gel (connective tissue - tendon, ligament, meninges)

Front 13

Loose connective tissue

Back 13

Front 14

Mast Cell

Back 14

Resident cell of tissues, rich in histamine and heparin. Play a role in allergy, anaphylaxis, and protective role, being involved in wound healing and defense against pathogens.

Front 15

Collagen

Back 15

A fibrous protein, used to connect and support other body tissues

Front 16

Resident cells of connective tissue

Back 16

fibroblasts, mast cells, wandering cells (eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and macrophages)

Front 17

Dense regular connective tissue

Back 17

Collagenous - big straight lines (stains lighter - ligaments and tendons – no stretch, very firm)
Elastic - thin thread like fibers (Stains pink, a little more wavy)

Front 18

Dense irregular connective tissue

Back 18

Densely packed collagen fibers interwoven into a meshwork - helps to resist stress from all directions (superficial, deep and subserous fascia)

Front 19

Reticular fibers

Back 19

seen well under light microscope, makes a mesh work w/ a lot of cells within

Front 20

Adventitia

Back 20

layer of connective tissue that connects and binds some internal organs (esophagus, blood)

Front 21

Serous membrane (serosa)

Back 21

Membrane of connective tissue covered by a thin layer of epithelial cells which secrete serous fluid (pericardial sac surrounding heart)

Front 22

Mucous membrane (mucosa)

Back 22

Lines cavities connected to exterior, covered by epithelium cells that secrete mucus (respiratory and digestive tract)

Front 23

Cutaneous membrane (skin)

Back 23

multiple layers of epithelium and different layers of connective tissue

Front 24

Synovial membranes

Back 24

produce synovial fluid that protects the joints allowing for smooth movement