Anatomy Lab Quiz 3A And 3B

Front 1

Types of Synovial Joints:

Back 1

1. Plane Joint
2. Hinge Joint
3. Pivot Joint
4. Condyloid Joint
5. Saddle Joint
6.Ball-and-Socket Joint

Front 2

Plane Joint

Back 2

Articulating surfaces are flat or slightly curved, allowing sliding movements in one or two planes
-- Gliding

Uni or biaxial Gliding movement

Ex: intercarpal and intertarsal joints

Front 3

Hinge Joint

Back 3

The rounded process of one bone fits into the concave surface of another to allow movement in one plane

Uniaxial flexion and extension

Ex: Elbow

Front 4

Pivot Joint

Back 4

The rounded or conical surface of one bone articulates with a shallow depression or foramen in another bone

Uniaxial rotation

Ex: radioulnar joint

Front 5

Condyloid Joint

Back 5

The oval condyle of one bone fits into an ellipsoidal depression of another bone, allowing biaxial movement

Biaxial

Ex: Radiocarpal joint, knuckles

Front 6

Saddle Joint

Back 6

The articulation surface of one bone is convex, and the reciprocal surface is concave

Biaxial

Ex: joint between thumb metacarpal and trapezium of the wrist

Front 7

Ball-and-Socket Joint

Back 7

The ball-shaped head of one bone fits into a cup-like depression of another to allow mutiaxial joints, allowing movement in all direction and pivotal rotation

Multiaxial

Ex: shoulder

Front 8

Flexion

Back 8

A movement in the sagittal plane that decreases the angle of the joint and reduces the distance between the 2 bones

Front 9

Extension

Back 9

a movement that increases the angle of a joint and the distance between two bones or parts of the body

Front 10

Abduction

Back 10

movement of a limb AWAY from the midline or median plane of the body

Front 11

Adduction

Back 11

movement of a limb TOWARD the midline of the body

Front 12

Rotation

Back 12

movement of a bone around the longitudinal axis without lateral or medial displacement

Front 13

Circumduction

Back 13

a combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction commonly observed in ball-and-socket joints

Front 14

Pronation

Back 14

Movement of the palm of the hand from an anterior (upward) to a posterior position (downward)

Front 15

Supination

Back 15

Movement of the palm from a posterior position to an anterior position (anatomical position)

(radius and ulna are parallel)

Front 16

Inversion

Back 16

a movement that results in medial turning of the sole of the foot

Front 17

Eversion

Back 17

A movement that results in the lateral turning of the sole of the foot

Front 18

Dorsiflexion

Back 18

a movement of the ankle joint in a dorsal direction (standing on one's heels)

Front 19

Plantar Flexion

Back 19

a movement of the ankle joint in which the foot is flexed downward (standing on one's toes or pointing the toes)

Front 20

Types of Muscles:

Back 20

1. Agonist
2. Antagonist
3. Synergists
4. Fixators

Front 21

Agonist

Back 21

"prime movers"

Responsible for producing a particular movement

Front 22

Antagonist

Back 22

Fibers are relaxed when the prime mover is active

Front 23

Synergists

Back 23

Aid the action of a prime mover by reducing undesirable movement

Front 24

Fixators

Back 24

Immobilize the origin of a prime mover so that all the tension is exerted at the insertion

Front 25

Orbicularis Oris

Back 25

close and protrude lips

Front 26

Orbicularis Oculi

Back 26

close eye and pull eyebrow down

Front 27

Masseter

Back 27

Elevate mandible (close jaw)

Front 28

Sternocleidomastoid

Back 28

Flexion of neck
Rotate head to opposite shoulder

Front 29

Pectoralis Major

Back 29

Adduct and medially rotate arm
Pull chest upward to inhale

Front 30

Deltoid

Back 30

abduct arm

Flexion. extension or rotation of humerus

Front 31

Rectus Abdominus

Back 31

Flex vertebral column
Depress ribs
Compress abdomen
-- causing increased abdominal pressure to exhale

Front 32

Trapezius

Back 32

Extend head
Raise, rotate, and extend scapula
(Adduct, elevate, or depress scapula)

Front 33

Latissimus Dorsi

Back 33

Extend, adduct and medially rotate arm

Front 34

Rotator Cuff Group

Back 34

stabilizes the shoulder joint

Front 35

Rhomboids

Back 35

Retracts scapula (square shoulders)
Fixes (stabilizes) scapula

Front 36

Biceps Brachii

Back 36

Flex forearm (strong) and arm (weakly)
Supinate hand

Front 37

Triceps Brachii

Back 37

Powerful extension of forearm

Front 38

Pronator Teres

Back 38

Pronate and weakly flex forearm

Front 39

Flexor carpi radialis

Back 39

Flex and ABDUCT hand at wrist

Front 40

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 40

Flex and ADDUCT hand at wrist

Front 41

Extensor carpi radialis

Back 41

Extend and ABDUCT hand at wrist

Front 42

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 42

Extend and ADDUCT hand at wrist

Front 43

Sartorius

Back 43

Flex, abduct, and laterally rotate thigh
(Flex shank)

Front 44

Quadriceps femoris

Back 44

Extend and stabilize knee

Front 45

Adductor Group

Back 45

Adduct, flex, and medially rotate thigh

Front 46

Gluteus Maximus

Back 46

Laterally rotate, abduct, and powerfully extend thigh

Front 47

Biceps femoris

Back 47

Extends thigh
Flex knee
Laterally rotate leg

Front 48

Tibialis Anterior

Back 48

Dorsiflex and invert foot

Front 49

Soleus

Back 49

Plantarflex foot