Anatomy Lab 2 Terms

Front 1

oliogodendrocytes

Back 1

provide support for axons in CNS, make myelin sheath around axons. (similar to swhann cells in the CNS)

Front 2

Fornix

Back 2

Nerve fiber band that connects the hippocampus to the hypothalamus. located inferior to the third ventricle of the brain

Front 3

septum pellucidum

Back 3

membrane separating the later ventricles of the brain

Front 4

choroid plexus of the third ventricle

Back 4

area within the ventricle that creates the majority of CSF.

Front 5

Midbrain

Back 5

mesencephalon, contains the corpora quadrigemina (4 bodies)

Front 6

Corpora Quadrigemina

Back 6

has 2 inferior (audio) and 2 superior (visual) colliculi. Reflex centers for vision and hearing.

Front 7

arbor vitae

Back 7

'tree of life' / white matter in the cerebellum

Front 8

axon hillock

Back 8

portion where the neuron cell body becomes the axon

Front 9

Terminal Ganglion

Back 9

one of the scattered postganglionic autonomic neurones located in or close to the wall of the organ innervated; they are usually parasympathetic.

Front 10

Collateral ganglion

Back 10

sympathetic ganglia which lie between the sympathetic chain and the organ

Front 11

gray commissure

Back 11

grey matter in the spinal cord that surrounds the central canal

Front 12

Palpebrae

Back 12

eyelid

Front 13

Canal of Schlemm

Back 13

collects aqueous humor and delivers it to the blood stream. Located near bottom of cornea, superficial to the lens and cilliary body

Front 14

Ciliary Body

Back 14

has different functions: 1) accommodation of the lens (ciliary muscle) 2)production of aqueous humor (ciliary process)

Front 15

Fovea Centralis

Back 15

dense area of cones for acuity

Front 16

Posterior segment

Back 16

back 2/3 of eyeball. Includes vitreous humor, retina, choroid, and optic nerve.

Front 17

Anterior segment

Back 17

structures located in front of the vitreous humor: the cornea, iris, ciliary body, and lens.

Front 18

Auricle / Pinna

Back 18

outer ridges of the ear

Front 19

Ossicles

Back 19

malleus, incus, and stapes

Front 20

semicircular canals

Back 20

lateral, posterior and anterior. detects rotational movement. Movement is detected when fluid moves over tiny hairs in a structure called the cupula.

Front 21

Cupula

Back 21

located within the ampullae of each of the three semicircular canals.

Front 22

Vestibule of ear

Back 22

central part of the osseous labyrinth (inner ear)

Front 23

membranous labyrinth

Back 23

separated from bony labyrinth by perilymph. It contains endolymph. structures: utricle, saccule, semi-circular ducts, ampulle, cochlear duct (scala media)

Front 24

semicircular ducts

Back 24

in membranous labyrinth, small canals connecting ampullae with utricles/

Front 25

ampulla

Back 25

enlargement at the ends of the semicircular ducts in the membranous labyrinth. Contains cupula, used for rotational movement.

Front 26

Saccule

Back 26

saccules are smaller and are in the membranous labyrinth. They contain a macula which acts similarly to the ampulla. The Saccule detects vertical movement (think elevator)

Front 27

Utricle

Back 27

larger then saccules, in membranous labyrinth of ear, contain macula that is similar to ampulla, detects linear movement.

Front 28

Macula

Back 28

located within the Utricle and Saccule of membranous labyrinth of inner ear. Contain otoliths.

Front 29

Organ of Corti

Back 29

primary sense organ of the cochlea, contains inner and outer hair cells, translates fluid movement into electrical impulses. It is in the scala media, which is filled with endolymph

Front 30

hematocrit

Back 30

red blood cell count

Front 31

Trabeculae carneae

Back 31

muscles that help the chordae tendineae hold the valve in place to prevent ventricular leakage.

Front 32

Chordae tendineae

Back 32

(heart strings) connect papillary muscles to the tricuspid/mitral valve in the heart.

Front 33

Events in Diastole

Back 33

1. Ventricles relax
2. pulmonary and aortic valves close
3. AV valves open
4. ventricles fill (about 80% of capacity)
5. atria contract (ventricles fill another 20%)

Front 34

Events in Systole

Back 34

1. ventricles contract
2. AV valves close
3. aortic and pulmonary valves open
4. blood is ejected
5. atria relax and fill with blood

Front 35

pericardium

Back 35

("around the heart") is a triple-layered fluid-filled sac that surrounds the heart. Outer is fibrous, serous (parietal and visceral) then epicardium (part of heart wall)

Front 36

myocardium

Back 36

muscle wall of the heart - cardiac mussle CT

Front 37

endocardium

Back 37

smooth layer, lines inside of the heart--the cavities and valves.

Front 38

Purkinje fibers

Back 38

myocardian fibers that conduct electrical impulses and keep the heart in rhythm.

Front 39

Fibrillation

Back 39

rapid, un-synchronized contraction of muscles (problematic in the heart)

Front 40

Sounds of Korotkoff

Back 40

the systolic and diastolic sounds heard when taking blood pressure.