Anatomy Final Review Ch 3

Front 1

list all the active transport processes

Back 1

Solute pumping, endocytosis, exocytosis, pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and receptor-mediated endocytosis

Front 2

list all the passive transport processes

Back 2

Facilitated diffusion, diffusion, simple diffusion, and osmosis

Front 3

define filtration

Back 3

Water and solutes are forced through a membrane by fluid. It’s a passive process that follows a pressure gradient from high to low pressure.

Front 4

define all three kinds of RNA

Back 4

Transfer RNA- small, clover shaped, transfers appropriate amino acids to the ribosome for building the protein (3 bases = anticodon)
Ribosomal RNA- helps form the ribosomes where proteins are built
Messenger RNA- long, single nucleotide strands, resemble half of a DNA molecule and carry the instructions for protein synthesis from the DNA gene to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This is transcription. (3 bases = codon)

Front 5

differentiate between triplet, codon, anti codon

Back 5

Triplet – DNA sequence Codon- mRNA sequence Anticodon- tRNA sequence

Front 6

what happens in each phase of mitosis

Back 6

Prophase- chromosomes appear, nuclear envelope disappears, centrioles move to opposite ends, mitotic spindle forms
Metaphase- chromosomes alight in the center of the cell on the metaphase plate
Anaphase- centromeres split and chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase- opposite of prophase; chromosomes uncoil into chromatin, spindle breaks down and disappears, nuclear envelope forms, nucleoli appear, results in two

Front 7

define goblet cells and what type of tissue they are found in

Back 7

They produce mucous and are found in simple columnar epithelium in mucous membranes

Front 8

brief function of all four tissue types

Back 8

Nervous- conducts electrochemical impulses; functions include irritability and conductivity
Muscular- contracts for movements
Epithelial- covers and lines body cavities, forms glands, functions include protection, absorption, filtration, and secretion
Connective- connects, supports, protects, and binds other body tissues

Front 9

list all various types on connective tissue

Back 9

Bone tissue, cartilage (hyaline cartilage) tissue, fibrocartilage tissue, dense connective tissue (tendons and ligaments), loose connective tissue (areolar and adipose tissue), reticular connective tissue, and blood tissue

Front 10

exocrine and endocrine glands

Back 10

Exocrine glands have ducts through which their secretions are carried to a body surface. Endocrine glands are ductless glands that empty their hormonal products directly into the blood.