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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spinal reflexes |
Rapid,automatic nerve responses triggered by specific stimuli
controlled by spinal cord alone |
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Enlargements of the Spinal Cord
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Causedby: •Amountof gray matter in segment•Involvementwith sensory and motor nerves of limbs |
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Cervical enlargement
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Nerves of shoulders andupper limbs
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Lumbar enlargement
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Nervesof pelvis and lower limbs
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Roots |
two branches of spinal nerves |
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Ventralroot
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Containsaxons of motor neurons
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Dorsal root
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Containsaxons of sensory neurons
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Dorsal root ganglia
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Containcell bodies of sensory neurons
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The SpinalNerve
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Eachside of spine
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Mixed Nerves
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Carryboth afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) fibers |
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The Spinal Meninges
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Specializedmembranes isolate spinal cord from surroundings
functions: Protectingspinal cord, Carryingblood supply,Continuouswith cranial meninges |
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Meningitis
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Viralor bacterial infection of meninges
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The Three Meningeal Layers
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1. Dura mater
Outerlayer of spinal cord 2. Arachnoid mater Middlemeningeal layer 3. Pia mater Innermeningeal layer |
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Subarachnoid space
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Filledwith cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
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Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
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Carriesdissolved gases, nutrients, and wastes |
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Lumbarpuncture or spinal tap
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withdraws CSF
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White matter
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Issuperficial
Containsmyelinated and unmyelinatedaxons |
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Gray matter
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Surroundscentral canal of spinal cord
Hasprojections (gray horns)
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Central canal |
Contains sensory and motor nuclei
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Innate reflexes
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Basicneural reflexes
Formedbefore birth |
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Acquired reflexes |
Rapid,automatic
Learnedmotor patterns |
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Spinal reflexes
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Occur in the spinal cord |
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Cranial reflexes |
Occur in brain |
