Anatomy Final Mervous Part 3

Front 1

Spinal cord start and end

Back 1

Starts: Forman magnum

Ends: at L1/L2 (tapper's off into conus medullaris)

Nerves continues as cauda equine

Front 2

Cauda equina

Back 2

"Horses tail"

The continuation of the nerves down the spin cord until they exist

Front 3

Filum terminale

Back 3

Anchors conus medullaris (cone shape at end of spinal cord) to coccyx

Made of extension of pia mater (CT)

Front 4

Central canal

Back 4

Contains CSF

Front 5

Function of spinal cord

Back 5

Carry nerve impulses

Produce reflexes (automatic responses)

Front 6

Parts of spinal cord

Back 6

1. Anterior median fissure (deep)

2. Posterior median sulcus (shallow)

3. Central canal

4. Gray and white matter

Front 7

Gray matter (cross bar and horns)

Back 7

H shape

Cross bar = gray comnissure

3 horns

1. Dorsal horn = sensory

2. Lateral horn = motor

3. Ventral horn = motor

Front 8

Anterior median fissure and posterior median sulcus

Back 8

Separate cord into left and right halves

Front 9

White matter columns in spinal cord

Back 9

1. Dorsal column

2. Lateral column

3. Vebtral column

Front 10

12 cranial nerves saying

Back 10

Oh ,Oh, Oh, to touch and feel very giant volcano, AH hot!

Front 11

Spinal nerves

Back 11

8 cervical

12 thoracic

5 lumber

5 sacral

1 coccygel

ALL mixed!

Front 12

Spinal nerves 2 points of attachment

Back 12

1. Dorsal root (sensory; sell body in dorsal root ganglion)

2. Ventral root (motor neurons; cell body in ventral or lateral horn)

Front 13

Spinal nerve

Back 13

Joining of dorsal and ventral roots

Immediately divide into rami (branches)

Front 14

2 rami of spinal cord

Back 14

1. Dorsal ramus (innervate skin & back muscles)

2. Ventral ramus (forms thoracic nerves (T2-T12) or forms nerves plexuses)

Front 15

4 spinal plexus (nerve networks)

Back 15

1. Cervical (C1-5) phrenic

2.brachial (C5-T1) arms

3. Lumber (L1-L4 femoral

4. Sacral (L4-S4) sciatic/ tibial and fibular

Front 16

Whic cranial nerves are sensory or mixed

Back 16

1 and 2 sensory

8 mostly sensory

All other mixed

Front 17

Rami communicates

Back 17

Connect ventral ramus to sympathetic truck

Contain autonomic nerve fibres (neurons)

Front 18

Cross section of nerve

Back 18

1. Epineurium (around while nerves)

2. Perineurium (around fasicicles

3. Endoneuium (around axing and myelin)

*ALL CT*

Front 19

Peripheral nervous system: Sensory/Afferent Divison

Back 19

1. Receptors

2. First order neurons

Front 20

Receptors (3 types of classification)

Back 20

Detect changes in environment

Classified by:

1. Location

2. Type of stimuli recieved

3. Structure of receptors (general senses only)

Front 21

Receptors (PSN) afferent 3 location neurons

Back 21

1. Exteroceptors

2. Interoceptors

3.proprioceptors

Front 22

Exteroceptor (PNS-Sensory receptors)

Back 22

Stimuli in external environment.

Receptors at body surface (touch, most special senses)

Front 23

Interoceptors (PNS: Sensory receptors)

Back 23

Stimuli in internal environment (in viscera, blood vessels, ect.)

Front 24

Proprioceptors (PNS)

Back 24

Located in joints, skeletal muscle, ect

Monitor body position (stretch receptors, muscle spindles)

balance and movement

Front 25

Sensory receptors classified by Types of stimulus receive

Back 25

1. Mechanoreceptors (pressure, touch, hearing(hair cells move))

2. Thermoreceptors

3. Chemoreceptors

4. Photoreceptors (light)

5. Nociceptors (pain)

Front 26

PNS Sensory neurons classified by structure

Back 26

*general senses only*

1. Free nerve endings - terminal dendrites of unipolar sensory neurons (pain,, root hair plexus)

2. Encapsulated nerve endings-terminal dendrite enclosed in CT (meissner and pacinia corpuscles)

2. Encapsulated nerve endings

Front 27

First order neurons

Back 27

Sensory neurons

Ubipolor

Axon in crnial/spinal nerve

Front 28

First order of neurons cell bodies

Back 28

A. Sensory ganglia of cranial nerves

B. Dorsal root ganglia of spinal cord

Front 29

First order neurons axon terminals in

Back 29

A. Brain nuclei

B. Dorsal horn of spinal cord

Front 30

Trigeminal

Back 30

5th cranial nerve

Crowing and general senses from face

Front 31

Vagus

Back 31

10th cranial nerve

Parasympathetic (control heart, lungs, digestion tract)

Front 32

Vestibulocochlear

Back 32

8th nerve

Sound and balance