Anatomy Exam 3

Front 1

facial bones

Back 1

do not enclose the brain but lie anterior to the cranial cavity

Front 2

facial bones function

Back 2

support the

-orbital cavity

-nasal cavity

-oral cavitiy

shape the face and provide attachment for muscles of facial expression and mastification

Front 3

maxillae

Back 3

largest facial bone; forms upper jaw; meet at intermaxillary suture; extends from teeth to inferomedial wall of orbit

Front 4

alveolar process

Back 4

small points of maxillary bone; grow into spaces b/w bases of teeth

Front 5

alveolus

Back 5

deep socket where the root of teeth are inserted into

Front 6

infraorbital foramen

Back 6

provides passage for a blood vessel to the face and a nerve that receives sensations from the nasal region and cheek

Front 7

inferior orbital fissure

Back 7

a gash in the floor of the orbit(maxilla part) angles downward and medially; passage for blood vessels and sensory nerves from face (V)

Front 8

palate

Back 8

forms the roof of the mouth and floor of the nasal cavity

Front 9

palate function

Back 9

separate the nasal cavity from the oral cavity; enables us to keep breathing while chewing

Front 10

hard palate

Back 10

bony, anteriorly

Front 11

soft palate

Back 11

fleshy, posteriorly

Front 12

palatine process

Back 12

forms horizontal extensions of hard palate

Front 13

incisive foramina

Back 13

a pair found behind the incisors(front teeth)

Front 14

cleft palate and lip

Back 14

palatine fails to meet at intermaxillary suture; makes it difficult for a infant to suction for nursing, but can be surgically corrected

Front 15

palatine bones

Back 15

located posterior to nasal cavity; L shape from horizontal and perpendicular plates

Front 16

horizontal palate

Back 16

forms the posterior 1/3 of hard palate

Front 17

greater palatine foramen

Back 17

a nerve passage to the palates

Front 18

perpendicular plate

Back 18

a thin, delicate, irregularly shaped plate that forms part of the wall b/w the nasal cavity and the orbit

Front 19

zygomatic bone

Back 19

form the angles of the cheeks at the inferolateral margins of the orbits and part of the lateral wall of each orbit; extend halfway to ear (inverted T)

Front 20

zygomatic arch

Back 20

each side of skull; formed mainly from the union of zygomatic bone, temporal bone, and maxilla

Front 21

lacrimal bones

Back 21

form part of the medial wall of each orbit; smallest bones of skull; size of little fingernail

Front 22

lacrimal fossa

Back 22

a depression; houses a membranous lacrimal sac in life; form tears

Front 23

nasal bones

Back 23

2 small rectangular bones that form the bridge of the nose and support cartilages that shape its lower portion

Front 24

inferior nasal conchae

Back 24

the largest of conchae; separate bone

Front 25

vomer

Back 25

forms the inferior half of the nasal septum; plowshare; support a wall of septal cartilage w/ the perpendicular plate

Front 26

mandible

Back 26

the strongest bone; only one that can move significantly; pointed alveolar processes

Front 27

mandible function

Back 27

supports lower teeth and provides attachment for muscles of mastication and facial expressions

Front 28

mental symphysis

Back 28

median cartilaginous joint; ossifies two halves into one single bone

Front 29

mental protuberance

Back 29

the point of the chin

Front 30

inner(posterior) surface of the mandible

Back 30

a pair of small points, mental spines, attachment for some chin muscles

Front 31

mental foramen

Back 31

anterolateral surface; permits the passage of nerves and blood vessels of the chin

Front 32

masseter

Back 32

inserts on angle of mandible, a muscle of mastication

Front 33

condylar process

Back 33

posterior branch of ramus; bears the mandibular condyles

Front 34

mandibular condyle

Back 34

an oval knob that articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

Front 35

coronoid process

Back 35

anterior branch of ramus; insertion of temporalis muscle=pulls mandible upward to bite

Front 36

auditory ossicles

Back 36

malleus

incus

stapes

Front 37

hyoid bone

Back 37

a slender U shaped bone b/w the chin and larynx; suspended by the stylohoid muscles and stylohoid ligaments

Front 38

greater and lesser horns (cornua)

Back 38

hornlike projections on either side of median body of hyoid bone

Front 39

fontannels

Back 39

spaces b/w the fused cranial bones; usually ossify by infant is 1 year old

Front 40

anterior fontanel

Back 40

takes 18-24 months after birth to ossify

Front 41

primary curvatures

Back 41

thoracic and pelvic curvatures; exist from birth

Front 42

secondary curvatures

Back 42

cervical and lumbar; develop later

Front 43

kyphosis

Back 43

hunchback, effects cervical vertebrae

Front 44

lordosis

Back 44

swayback, effects lumbar vertebrae

Front 45

body (centrum)

Back 45

a mass of spongy bone and red bone marrow covered with a thin shell of compact bone

Front 46

vertebral arch

Back 46

contains lamina(platelike) and pedicle(pillar like)

Front 47

spinous and transverse process

Back 47

provide points of attachment for ligaments, ribs, and spinal muscles

Front 48

superior articulare processes

Back 48

restrict twisting of the vertebral column

Front 49

intervertebral discs

Back 49

support the weight of body and absorb shock

ex. nucleus pulposus/ anulus fibrosus

Front 50

atlanto-occipital joint

Back 50

between atlas and cranium

Front 51

atlantoaxial joint

Back 51

between atlas and axis

Front 52

C1-C7 function

Back 52

support head and allow for its movement

Front 53

bifid

Back 53

forked at tip of vertebrae; provides attachment for the nuchal ligament of the back of the neck

Front 54

transverse foramen

Back 54

provides passage and protection for vertebral arteries and veins (C3-C6)

Front 55

C7

Back 55

not bifid; vertebral prominens