In this phase, solid is placed into the mouth and the lips are shut by the orbicularis oris facial muscle (VII). The food is mixed with salvia and masticated with the teeth, so it can pass through the esophagus for digestion. Sensory recognition is critical at this stage and the movement and timing patterns in this phase varies depending on the viscosity. The salvia and food has now created a bolus in which lateral movements of the tongue and mandible are made.
Furthermore, the soft palate has a passive role in the oral preparatory phase. The pharynx and larynx are at rest during oral preparatory which leads into the second phase of swallowing. In the oral preparatory stage, if liquid is placed in the mouth, no chewing is needed and some movements …show more content…
Many different structures work simultaneously and the sequence of events within the stage varies amongst individuals. It can be initiated voluntarily, but sensory input is needed for repetitive swallows. The soft palate moves up and retracts in order to close the velopharyngeal port. The levator veli palatine, uvulae muscle, and tensor veli palatine are responsible for the elevation of the soft palate to approximate the posterior pharyngeal wall. This is to prevent material from entering the nasal cavity. Next, the hyoid bone also known as the floating bone moves forward and elevates as well as the larynx. The suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are responsible for the hyoid bone movement. Additionally, hyolaryngeal excursion creates a vacuum in the hypopharynx by pulling the bolus down. The trigger of pharyngeal swallowing causes the cricopharyngeal sphincter to open and the tongue base delivers the bolus to the pharynx. In addition, the superior, medial and inferior constrictors reduce the diameter of the pharynx. The spaces formed by adjacent structures include valleculae, lateral channels, and pyriform sinuses. This phase ends when the bolus passes through the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) completely. The UES is comprised of thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus muscles and upper cervical esophagus muscle fibers. The bolus was transported through the pharynx and into the esophagus due to …show more content…
The esophagus is 18-26 cm long in adults and positioned anterior to the spinal vertebrae and posterior to the trachea. It can stretch depending on the size of the bolus and is made up of four mucosal tissue layers. The mucosal tissue layers provide protection and aid in the transportation of the bolus. Moreover, the esophageal anatomy is divided into 3 areas which include cervical, thoracic and abdominal. Once the bolus enters the esophagus, it exerts downward resulting in a widening of the UES. Next, there are 3 peristalses that are taking place. The first one is initiated by a pharyngeal swallow, the second is caused by stretching and pressure in a specific region. Finally, the third peristalsis is when contractions occur at the same time as the first or second wave. This phase normally takes 8-20 seconds. The bolus transports to its final destination and digestion
Furthermore, the soft palate has a passive role in the oral preparatory phase. The pharynx and larynx are at rest during oral preparatory which leads into the second phase of swallowing. In the oral preparatory stage, if liquid is placed in the mouth, no chewing is needed and some movements …show more content…
Many different structures work simultaneously and the sequence of events within the stage varies amongst individuals. It can be initiated voluntarily, but sensory input is needed for repetitive swallows. The soft palate moves up and retracts in order to close the velopharyngeal port. The levator veli palatine, uvulae muscle, and tensor veli palatine are responsible for the elevation of the soft palate to approximate the posterior pharyngeal wall. This is to prevent material from entering the nasal cavity. Next, the hyoid bone also known as the floating bone moves forward and elevates as well as the larynx. The suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are responsible for the hyoid bone movement. Additionally, hyolaryngeal excursion creates a vacuum in the hypopharynx by pulling the bolus down. The trigger of pharyngeal swallowing causes the cricopharyngeal sphincter to open and the tongue base delivers the bolus to the pharynx. In addition, the superior, medial and inferior constrictors reduce the diameter of the pharynx. The spaces formed by adjacent structures include valleculae, lateral channels, and pyriform sinuses. This phase ends when the bolus passes through the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) completely. The UES is comprised of thyropharyngeus and cricopharyngeus muscles and upper cervical esophagus muscle fibers. The bolus was transported through the pharynx and into the esophagus due to …show more content…
The esophagus is 18-26 cm long in adults and positioned anterior to the spinal vertebrae and posterior to the trachea. It can stretch depending on the size of the bolus and is made up of four mucosal tissue layers. The mucosal tissue layers provide protection and aid in the transportation of the bolus. Moreover, the esophageal anatomy is divided into 3 areas which include cervical, thoracic and abdominal. Once the bolus enters the esophagus, it exerts downward resulting in a widening of the UES. Next, there are 3 peristalses that are taking place. The first one is initiated by a pharyngeal swallow, the second is caused by stretching and pressure in a specific region. Finally, the third peristalsis is when contractions occur at the same time as the first or second wave. This phase normally takes 8-20 seconds. The bolus transports to its final destination and digestion