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201 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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subcutaneous fascia is ________________
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subcutaneous fascia is SUPERFICIAL
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Deep fascia: Dense organized _______________ tissue, devoid of _____
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Deep fascia: Dense organized CONNECTIVE tissue, devoid of FAT
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Deep fascia forms the _______________ fascia
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Deep fascia forms the INVESTING fascia
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What type of fascia is intermuscular septa and neurovascular bundles?
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Investing fascia
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deep fascia, contracting muscles, & venous valves work together as??????
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A MUSCULOVENOUS PUMP
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Retinaculum is ________ fascia
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Retinaculum is DEEP fascia
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Subserous fascia is between ___________________ walls and _________ lining
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Subserous fascia is between MUSCULOSKELETAL walls and SEROUS lining
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The muscle changes length in ____________ contraction
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The muscle changes length in ISOTONIC contractions
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Concentric
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Shortens
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eccentric
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controlled lengthening
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diminishing force of contraction _______________
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diminishing force of contraction ECCENTRIC
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Muscle length remains the same in?
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ISOMETRIC
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____________ contractions maintain upright posture
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ISOMETRIC contractions maintain upright posture
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FIXATORS?
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ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION
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What is the function unit of the muscle?
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Motor unit
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Main muscle responsible for producing a movement?
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Prime mover (agonist)
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Steady proximal parts of a limb through isometric contraction?
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Fixators
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Synergist?
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Complements prime mover
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______________ eccentrically contract, relaxing progressively in coordination to produce a __________ movement
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ANTAGONISTS eccentrically contract, relaxing progressively in coordination to produce a SMOOTH movement
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__________ MUSCLE: Rapid and Effective movement
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SPURT MUSCLE: Rapid and Effective movement
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Shunt muscle acts to maintain contact between ___________ surfaces of the ________ that it crosses
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Shunt muscle acts to maintain contact between ARTICULAR surfaces of the JOINT that it crosses
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Subarachnoid space contains ___________________ fluid
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Subarachnoid space contains CEREBROSPINAL fluid
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Duramater -> _____________ _______ -> ______ __________
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Duramater -> ARACHNOID MATER -> PIA MATER
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Anterior root?
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Motor (efferent)
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Posterior root?
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Sensory (afferent)
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Posterior root has cell bodies in?
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Dorsal root ganglion
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Anterior and posterior roots join into?
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Spinal nerve
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Spinal nerve divides into ___________ ramus & ____________ ramus
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Spinal nerve divides into ANTERIOR ramus & POSTERIOR ramus
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Dorsal and Ventral rami contain ___________ & ________ fibers (axons)
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Dorsal and Ventral rami contain MOTOR & SENSORY fibers (axons)
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the only bony connection to axial skeleton?
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STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT
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Radius is the _________ and more __________ bone of the forearm
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Radius is the SHORTER and more LATERAL bone of the forearm
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Pec major clavicle origin?
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Anterior medial half
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Pec major sternal origin?
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ant sternum, superior six costal cartilages
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Distal attach pec major?
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Lateral lip intertubercle groove of humerus
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Pec major _________ and ___________ rotates the humerus
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Pec major ADDUCTS and MEDIALLY rotates the humerus
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Pec major draws scapula _____________ & ________________
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Pec major draws scapula ANTERIORLY & INFERIORLY
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Clavicular head of pec major _________ the humerus
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Clavicular head of pec major FLEXES the humerus
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Sternocostal head ___________ it from flexed position
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Sternocostal head EXTENDS it from flexed position
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Testing clavicular head of pec major?
Arm is abducted 90 degrees moved ____________ resistance |
Testing clavicular head of pec major?
Arm is abducted 90 degrees moved AGAINST resistance |
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Testing sternal head of pec major?
Arm abducted 60 degrees ____________ against resistance |
Testing sternal head of pec major?
Arm abducted 60 degrees ADDUCTED against resistance |
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Pec minor origin?
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3rd & 5th ribs
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Distal attachment pec minor?
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Coracoid
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Pec minor innervation?
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MEDIAL PECTORAL NERVE
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Pec minor action? ______________ scapula by drawing it _____________ and ____________ against ___________ wall.
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Pec minor action? STABILIZES scapula by drawing it INFERIORLY and ANTERIORLY against THORACIC wall.
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Pec minor assists in ______________ of the ribs in deep inspiration
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Pec minor assists in ELEVATION of the ribs in deep inspiration
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Serratus anterior origin?
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1st - 8th ribs
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Serratus anterior distal attachment?
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ant surface med bord of scap
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Serratus anterior innevation ________ ___________ nerve
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Serratus anterior innervation LONG THORACIC nerve
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Serratus anterior ___________ scapula
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Serratus anterior PROTRACTS scapula
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Serratus anterior holds scapula against?
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Thoracic wall
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Serratus anterior ___________ scapula
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Serratus anterior ROTATES scapula
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Testing Serratus anterior??
The _______ of outstretched limb __________ against the wall |
Testing Serratus Anterior
The HAND of outstretched limb PUSHED against the wall |
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Trapezius origin? _________ line & ligament
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NUCHAL
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Trapezius origin?? External _____________ protuberance
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Trapezius origin?? External OCCIPITAL protuberance
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Trapezius origin?? Spinous process ____--______
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Trapezius origin?? Spinous process C7 -- T12
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Trapezius distal attachment?? Lateral ________ clavicle
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Trapezius distal attachment?? Later THIRD clavicle
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Trapezius distal attachment?? ____________ and _________ of scapula
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Trapezius distal attachment?? ACROMION and SPINE of scapula
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Trapezius innervation??
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Accessory nerve
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Trapezius superior fibers ____________ scapula
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Trapezius superior fibers ELEVATE scapula
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Trapezius middle fibers ___________ the scapula
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Trapezius middle fibers RETRACT the scapula
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Trapezius inferior fibers ___________ the scapula and _________ the shoulder
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Trapezius inferior fibers DEPRESS the scapula and LOWER the shoulder
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testing the _____________ shrug shoulder against resistance
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testing the TRAPEZIUS shrug shoulder against resistance
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latissimus dorsi origin spinous processes of the inferior __ thoracic vertebrae
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latissimus dorsi origin spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae
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latissimus dorsi origin __________________ fascia
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latissimus dorsi origin THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA
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latissimus dorsi origin _______ crest
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latissimus dorsi origin ILIAC CREST
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latissimus dorsi origin inferior ___ or ___ ribs
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latissimus dorsi origin inferior 3 or 4 ribs
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latissimus dorsi insertion? floor of ________________ groove of ___________
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latissimus dorsi insertion? floor of INTERTUBERCLE groove of HUMERUS
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latissimus dorsi innervation?
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thoracodorsal nerve
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latissimus dorsi _________, _________, ___________ rotates the humerus
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latissimus dorsi EXTENDS, ADDUCTS, MEDIALLY rotates the humerus
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latissimus dorsi raises body towards arms during ___________
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latissimus dorsi raises body towards arms during CLIMBING
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Testing latissimus dorsi arm is abducted 90 degrees then ___________ against resistance
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Testing latissimus dorsi arm is abducted 90 degrees then ADDUCTED against resistance
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Deltoid origin lateral third of __________
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Deltoid origin lateral third of CLAVICLE
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Deltoid origin ___________ and __________ of scapula
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Deltoid origin ACROMION and SPINE of scapula
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Deltoid distal attachment?
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Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
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Deltoid innervation?
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Axillary
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Ant deltoid _______ and ____________ rotates the arm
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Ant deltoid FLEXES and MEDIALLY rotates the arm
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Pec major innervation?
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Lateral and Medial Pectoral Nerve
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Middle deltoid action?
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Abducts arm
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Posterior deltoid action?
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extends & laterally rotates arm
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Testing deltoid/axillary nerve??
arm ____________, starting from beyond 15 degrees, against ________________. |
Testing deltoid/axillary nerve??
arm ABDUCTED, starting from beyond 15 degrees, against RESISTANCE. |
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Teres major origin ___________ surface of __________ angle of ____________
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Teres major origin POSTERIOR surface of INFERIOR angle of SCAPULA
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Teres major distal attachment ___________ lip intertubercular groove of ______________
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Teres major distal attachment MEDIAL lip intertubercular groove of HUMERUS
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Teres major innervation??
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Lower scapular nerve
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Teres major action?? __________ and _________ rotation of arm
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Teres major action?? ADDUCTS and MEDIAL rotation of arm
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Testing teres major or lower _______________ nerve?
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Testing teres major or lower SUBSCAPULAR nerve?
arm adducted against resistance |
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Rotator cuff muscles?? SITS
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SUPRASPINATUS, INFRASPINATUS, TERES MINOR, SUBSCAPULARIS
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Rotator cuff ___________ the joint and gives it ___________
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Rotator cuff PROTECTS the joint and gives it STABILITY
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Supraspinatus origin?
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Supraspinous fossa of scapula
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Supraspinatus distal attachment?
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Greater tubercle of humerus
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Suprascapular nerve innervates?
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Supraspinatus
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Supraspinatus ____________ & assists ______________
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Supraspinatus INITIATES & assists ABDUCTION
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Testing supraspinatus?? ______________ is attempted from the fully _____________ position against resistance
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Testing supraspinatus?? ABDUCTION is attempted from the fully ADDUCTED position against resistance
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Infraspinatus origin?
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infraspinatus fossa scapula
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infraspinatus distal attachment
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middle facet greater tubercular humerus
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Infraspinatus innervation?
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Suprascapular nerve
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infraspinatus _____________ rotates arm
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infraspinatus LATERALLY rotates arm
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Testing supraspinatus?? The person ________ the elbow and __________ the arm. The arm is then ___________ rotated against resistance.
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Testing supraspinatus?? The person FLEXES the elbow and ADDUCTS the arm. The arm is then LATERALLY rotated against resistance.
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Teres Minor ORIGIN?
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Lateral border scapula (middle part)
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Teres major insertion? ___________ facet of the _________ ____________ of the humerus.
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Teres major insertion? INFERIOR facet of the GREATER TUBERCLE of the humerus.
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Teres minor innervation?
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axillary nerve
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Teres minor __________ rotates the arm
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Teres minor LATERALLY rotates the arm
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Subscapularis origin?
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subscapular fossa
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Subscapularis Distal attachment: into the lesser tubercle of the humerus.
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Subscapularis Distal attachment: into the LESSER TUBERCLE of the HUMERUS
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Subscapularis innervation?
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Upper and lower subscapular nerves
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Subscapularis action> _________ rotator of the arm and ___________ the arm
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Subscapularis action> MEDIAL rotator of the arm and ADDUCTS the arm
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Axilla anterior wall? Pec ________ & _________ clavipectoral & pectoral fascia
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Axilla anterior wall? Pec MAJOR & MINOR clavipectoral & pectoral fascia
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Anterior axillary fold formed by?
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Pec major & integument
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Axilla posterior wall formed by? ________, _________, teres _________, & _____
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Axilla posterior wall formed by? SCAP , SUBSCAP, teres MAJOR , & LATS
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Posterior fold formed by _______ & teres _________
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Posterior fold formed by LATS & teres MAJOR
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Medial wall – formed by the ____________ wall and overlying ___________ ____________.
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Medial wall – formed by the THORACIC wall and overlying SERRATUS ANTERIOR.
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Lateral wall – formed by the _____________________ groove.
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Lateral wall – formed by the INTERTUBERCULAR groove.
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Axillary artery is a continuation of the _______________ artery
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Axillary artery is a continuation of the SUBCLAVIAN artery
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__________ ARTERY It begins at the _________ border of the first rib
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AXILLARY ARTERY It begins at the lateral border of the first rib
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extends to the inferior border of the teres ________ and becomes the ____________ artery.
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extends to the inferior border of the teres MAJOR and becomes the BRACHIAL artery.
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How is the axillary vein formed? Its formed by the __________ and ________ vein
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How is the axillary vein formed? Its formed by the BRACHIAL and BASILIC vein
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The axillary vein is formed at the inferior border of the teres ________
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MAJOR
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brachial plexus formed by anterior rami of?
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C5 - T1
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roots pass between ___________ scalene and __________ scalene muscles
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roots pass between ANTERIOR scalene and MIDDLE scalene muscles
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SUPERIOR TRUNK formed by?
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c5 & c6
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middle trunk formation??
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c7 anterior rami
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inferior trunk??
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anterior rami of c8, t1
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anterior divisons of superior & middle trunk form??
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lateral cord
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anterior division of the inferior trunk forms??
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medial cord
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posterior divisons of ant, mid, inferior, form?
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posterior cord
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cord are named according to their relationship to the __________ part of the ___________ artery
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cords are named according to their relationship to the SECOND part of the AXILLARY artery
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lateral pectoral nerve innervates?????
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pec major (some fibers pec minor)
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Musculocutaneous nerve is the terminal branch of _____________ cord
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Musculocutaneous nerve is the terminal branch of the LATERAL cord
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median cord is made up of the terminal branches of the __________ & ___________ cords
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median cord is made up of the terminal branches of the LATERAL & MEDIAL cords
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_________ nerve the larger terminal branch of the medial cord
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ULNAR nerve the larger terminal branch of the medial cord
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upper subscapular nerve innervates???
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superior of subscapularis
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lower subscapular nerve innervates ___________ subscapularis & teres _______
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lower subscapular nerve innervates INFERIOR subscapularis & teres MAJOR
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thoracodorsal nerve innervates????
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LATISSIMUS DORSI
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Axillary nerve terminal branch of ___________ cord
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POSTERIOR
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____________ nerve and ____________ _______________ humeral artery pass thru ___________ space
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AXILLARY nerve and POSTERIOR CIRCUMFLEX humeral artery pass thru QUADRANGULAR space
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Posterior circumflex humeral artery and Axillary nerve supply teres _________ & __________
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TERES MINOR & DELTOID
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Radial nerve larger terminal branch of ______________ cord
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POSTERIOR
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____________________ NERVE supplys muscles anterior compartment of arm
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MUSCULOTANEOUS
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median nerve supplies muscles to the anterior forearm compartment expect?
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Flexor carpi ulnaris & ulnar half of digitorum profundus
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Ulnar nerve supplies flexor carpi ____________
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Ulnar nerve supplies flexor carpi ULNARIS
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Ulnar nerve supplies ulnar half of fl. _____________ ______________
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Ulnar nerve supplies ulnar half of fl. DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS
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Ulnar nerve supplies most of the ____________ hand muscle
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Ulnar nerve supplies most of the INTRINSIC hand muscles
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ulnar nerve supplies skin to the medial ___ digit
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ulnar nerve supplies skin to the medial 4th digit
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Axillary nerve supplies _________________ joint
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Axillary nerve supplies GLENOHUMERAL joint
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Axillary nerve supplies teres ____________ & _________
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Axillary nerve supplies teres MINOR & DELTOID
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___________ nerve supplies all the posterior arm and forearm muscles
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RADIAL NERVE
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Radial nerve supplies __________ and _________________ skin
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Radial nerve supplies POSTERIOR and INFEROLATERAL skin
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Radial nerve supplies ____________ forearm
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Radial nerve supplies POSTERIOR forearm
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Radial nerve supplies _________ of hand to ___ digit
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Radial nerve supplies DORSUM of hand to 4th digit
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Fibers in anterior division will innervate ______________ of ant compartment
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Fibers in anterior division will innervate PRONATORS of ant compartment
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Fibers in posterior compartment will innervate _________________
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Fibers in posterior compartment will innervate SUPINATORS
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Thenar compartment! ___________ ___________ ___________, ___________ ____________ ______________, ____________ _________________
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Thenar compartment! ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS, FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS, OPPONENS POLLICIS
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Which muscle consists of the adductor compartment of the hand??
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ADDUCTOR POLLICIS
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HYPOTHENAR COMPARTMENT?! ___________ digiti minimi, ___________ digiti minimi ___________, ___________ digiti minimi
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HYPOTHENAR COMPARTMENT: ABDUCTOR digiti minimi, FLEXOR digiti minimi BREVIS, OPPONENS digiti minimi
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Interosseous compartment of the hand?
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interosseous muscles
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Central compartment of the hand?
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Lumbricals
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Origin of Opponens pollicis? __________ retinaculm, ___________, & _______________
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Origin of Opponens pollicis? FLEXOR retinaculm, SCAPHOID, & TRAPEZIUM
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Distal attachment of opponens pollicis?
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Lateral side of 1st metacarpal
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Innervation of Opponens Pollicis?
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MEDIAN
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Opponens Pollicis Action?
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Opposition
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Abductor pollicis brevis origin?
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Flexor retinaculm, Scaphoid, & trapezium
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Abductor pollicis distal attachment? __________ side of the base of the __________ phalanx of the __________
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Abductor pollicis distal attachment? LATERAL side of the base of the PROXIMAL phalanx of the THUMB
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Abductor pollicis brevis innervation?
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MEDIAN
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Abductor pollicis brevis action?
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abducts thumb
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Testing abductor pollicis brevis?
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abduct against resistance
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Flexor pollicis brevis origin>
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Flexor retinaculm, scaphoid, and trapezium
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Flexor pollicis brevis distal?
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lateral base
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Flexor pollicis brevis superficial head innervation?
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MEDIAN
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FBB deep head innervation?
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Ulnar
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FPB action?
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flexion
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FPB test?
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flex against resistance
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Origin abductor digiti minimi
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pisiform
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abductor digiti minimi distal?
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medial side of base of prox phalanx 5th finger
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abductor digiti minimi innervation
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ulnar
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abductor digiti minimi action?
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abducts 5th finger, assists flex prox phalanx
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flexor digiti minimi brevis origin?
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hook of hamate and flexor retinaculm
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flexor digiti minimi brevis distal?
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medial side base of prox phalanx 5th finger
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flexor digiti minimi brevis action?
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flexes prox phalanx 5th finger
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flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation
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ulnar
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opponens digiti minimi origin?
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hook of hamate, flexor retinaculm
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opponens digiti minimi distal
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medial border 5th metacarpal
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opponens digiti minimi innervation
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ulnar
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opponens digiti minimi action?
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opposition
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Lumbricals ______ fingers at metacarpalphalangeal (MCP) joint
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Lumbricals FLEX fingers at metacarpalphalangeal (MCP) joint
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Lumbricals __________ fingers at interphalangeal (ip) joints
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Lumbricals EXTEND fingers at interphalangeal joint
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4 dorsal interossei ___________ the fingers (DAB)
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4 dorsal interossei ABDUCT the fingers (DAB)
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3 Palmar interossei __________ the fingers
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3 palmar interossei ADDUCT the fingers (PAD)
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together the lumbricals and interossei _______ MCP joints, __________ IP joint
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together the lumbricals and interossei FLEX mcp joints and EXTEND ip joint
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1st and 2nd lumbricals are ______________
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1st and 2nd lumbricals are UNIPENNATE
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1st and 2nd lumbricals arise from the lateral tendons of the flexor digitorum ___________
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1st and 2nd lumbricals arise from the lateral tendons of the flexor digitorum PROFUNDUS
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The 3rd and 4th lumbricals are ______________
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The 3rd and 4th lumbricals are BIPENNATE
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The 3rd and 4th lumbricals arise from the three _________ tendons of the FDP
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The 3rd and 4th lumbricals arise from the three MEDIAL tendons of the FDP
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Lumbrical distal attachment? __________ side of extensor expansion of 2nd 5th fingers
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Lumbrical distal attachment? LATERAL side of extensor expansion of 2nd 5th fingers
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Dorsal interossei are ______________
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Dorsal interossei are BIPENNATE
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Dorsal interossei arise from adjacent sides of ______ __________________
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Dorsal interossei arise from adjacent sides of TWO METACARPALS
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Dorsal interossei distal attachment? base of prox __________ & extensor expansion of ____- and _____ fingers
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Dorsal interossei distal attachment? base of prox PHALANGES & extensor expansion of 2ND and 4TH fingers
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DORSAL INTEROSSEI INNERVATION?
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ULNAR (DEEP BRANCH)
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DAB?
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DORSAL INTEROSSEI ABDUCT
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Biceps brachii short head origin? ___________ process
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Biceps brachii short head origin? CORACOID process
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Biceps long head origin? _________________ tubercle of the ____________
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Biceps long head origin? SUPRAGLENOID tubercle of the SCAPULA
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Biceps distal attachment?? tuberosity of the _________
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Biceps distal attachment?? tuberosity of the RADIUS
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Biceps distal attachment?? fascia of forearm via __________ _______________
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Biceps distal attachment?? fascia of the forearm via BICIPITAL APONEUROSIS
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