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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two major divisions of skeleton |
-Axial -Appendicular |
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Axial skeleton |
Central axis of body -skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum |
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Appendicular skeleton |
Includes upper and lower limb bones, pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle |
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Bone markings |
Articulations Extensions and projections Depressions Passages and cavities |
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Skull bones |
Most complex part of skeleton, 22 bones total |
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Cranial bones: skull |
8 cranial bones surrounds cranial cavity which encloses the brain |
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Facial bones: skull |
14 facial bones support teeth, facial, and jaw muscles |
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Sutures: skull |
Where bones meet, 4 sutures -sagittal -coronal -lambdoid -squamous |
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8 cranial bones |
Frontal Parietal Temporal Sphenoid Occipital Ethmoid |
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14 Facial bones |
Maxilla Palatine Nasal Lacrimal Zygomatic Inferior nasal conchae Comer Mandible |
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Formen |
Small hole or opening |
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Paranasal sinuses |
Airfilled mucus, frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, maxillary |
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Vertebral column |
33 vertebrae with discs of fibrocartilage between most of them |
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Vertebral column function |
-supports skull and trunk and allow movement -protects spinal cord -absorbs stress of walk, run, lift -attachments for limbs, thoracic cage, muscles |
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Five major divisions of vertebral column |
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacrum Coccyx |
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Cervical vertebrae |
C1 to C7, in the neck ~BREAKFAST AT (7) |
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Thoracic vertebrae |
T1 to T12, in the chest ~LUNCH AT (12) |
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Lumbar vertebrae |
L1 to L5, lower back ~DINNER AT (5) |
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Sacrum |
Fusedx S1 to S5, base of spine (5) |
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Coccyx |
Fused, Co1 to Co4, coccygeal (4) |
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Primary curvatures |
Present at Birth, thoracic and pelvic, C shaped |
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Secondary curvatures |
Develop later, cervical and lumbar, walking and crawling helps for S shape posture |
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Body of vertebrae |
Centrum, mass of spongy bone, thin compact bone, weight bearing, rough surfaces |
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Vertebral foramina of vertebrae |
Form vertebral canal for spinal cord |
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Vertebral arch or vertebrae |
Forming vertebral foramen, consists of lamina and pedicle |
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Lamina |
Either side of the spinous process |
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Pedicle |
From the body |
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Seven processes of vertebrae |
-1 spinous process, midline -2 lateral transverse processes -2 superior articular processes -2 inferior articular processes |
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Intervertebral foramen |
Two vertebrae are joined, opening between Pedicle's, spinal cord passage |
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Intervertebral disc |
Between most vertebrae, first one C2 and C3, last one L5 and Sacrum |
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Intervertebral disc function and structure |
Composed of fibrocartilage, bind vertebrae together, support weight, absorb shock |
