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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of the skeletal system |
Makes movement possible by working concert with muscle contraction and relaxation Stores calcium Forms blood cells- process is called hematopoiesis Ty |
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4 Types of bones |
Long (humerus) Short (carpals) Flat (frontal skull) Irregular (vertebrae) Sometimes sesamoid aka round is recognized (patella knee cap) |
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Structure of long bones |
Epiphyses - ends of the bone that are spongy and contain red bone marrow Periosteum - strong, fibrous membrane covering bone everywhere except at joint surface |
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Structure of flat bones |
Open spaces within spongy bone surrounded by bony trabeculae |
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Section of a flat bone |
Compact bone and cancellous bone (diploë) |
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Microscopic structure of bones |
Spongy texture from needle like threads of bone called trabeculae found in epiphyses of bones & spaces contain red bone marrow |
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Bone types |
Compact - structural unit is an osteon- calcified matrix arranged in multiple layers called concentric lamella Covered by periosteum |
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Osteon |
Structural unit called osteon or haversian system composed of concentric lamella, lacunae, canaliculi, central canal of osteon contrails blood vessel Texture results from trabeculae |
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What is osteoblasts and osteoclasts |
New bone forming cells are called osteoblasts Bone reabsorbing cells are osteoclasts |
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Divisions of skeleton |
Axial (80 bones) skull, spine, thorax Appendicular upper and lower extremity, including shoulders and hips |
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False vs real ribs |
Real 1-7 False 8-10 |
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Upper extremities |
Shoulder, arm, forearm, wrist, hand, fingers |
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Lower extremities |
Hip and pelvic girdle formed by two coxal pelvic bones with sacrum and coccyx behind |
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Acetabulum definition |
Cup shaped socket that articulates head of femur |
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Amphiarthrosis definition |
Cartilage connects to articulating bones (symphysis pubis) |
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Paget disease (osteitis defórmans) |
Episodes of frenzied bone resorption and bone growth |
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Osteogenesis imperfecta definition |
Brittle bone disease - lack of organic matrix |
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Osteogenesis imperfecta definition |
Brittle bone disease - lack of organic matrix |
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Osteomyelitis definition |
Bacterial Infection of the bone usually staphylococcus |
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Osteogenesis imperfecta definition |
Brittle bone disease - lack of organic matrix |
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Osteomyelitis definition |
Bacterial Infection of the bone usually staphylococcus |
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Open (compound) vs closed (simple) fracture |
Open means bone exposed Closed means no bone exposed |
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Osteogenesis imperfecta definition |
Brittle bone disease - lack of organic matrix |
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Osteomyelitis definition |
Bacterial Infection of the bone usually staphylococcus |
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Open (compound) vs closed (simple) fracture |
Open means bone exposed Closed means no bone exposed |
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Osteoarthritis or degenerative joint disease definition |
Most common noninflammatory disorder of moveable joints |
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Rheumatoid arthritis vs gouty arthritis vs infectious arthritis |
Rheumatoid is systemic autoimmune chronic inflammation Gouty is synovial caused by sodium irate crystals Infectious is arthritis caused by a pathogen can be caused from arthropods such as ticks |
