Anatomy Chapter 5 Mcat Biology

Front 1

somatic division

Back 1

conscious sensation and deilberate, voluntary

Front 2

autonomic division

Back 2

digestion, metabolism, circulation, perspiration, (involuntary processes)

Front 3

efferent

Back 3

away from

Front 4

affrent

Back 4

going towards

Front 5

efferent portion of autonomic split into two subdivisions

Back 5

parasympathetic and sympathetic

Front 6

sympathetic system

Back 6

fight or flight

Front 7

parasympathetic system

Back 7

rest and ruminate

Front 8

central nervous system includes

Back 8

brain and spinal cord

Front 9

peripheral nervous sytem includes

Back 9

all other axons, dendrites, and cell bodies

Front 10

hindbrain

Back 10

rhombencephalon

Front 11

midbrain

Back 11

mesencephalon

Front 12

forebrain

Back 12

prosencephalon

Front 13

function of spinal cord

Back 13

simple spinal reflexes. primitive processes such as walking, urination, and sex organ function

Front 14

hindbrain includes

Back 14

medulla, pons, and cerebellum "little brain"

Front 15

funciton of medulla

Back 15

control of autonomic processes: blood pressure, respiratory rate, and vomiting

Front 16

function of pons

Back 16

balance and antigravity

Front 17

cerebellum

Back 17

complex movements: hand eye coordination and balance

Front 18

vestibular apparatus located where?

Back 18

inner ear

Front 19

cerebellum and pons receive info from where?

Back 19

vestibular apparatus, which monitors acceleration and position relative to gravity

Front 20

funciton of midbrain

Back 20

visual and auditory info and respnsible for wakefulness

Front 21

brainstem consists of what?

Back 21

medulla, pons, and midbrain

Front 22

forebrain includes what?

Back 22

diencephalon and telencephalon

Front 23

diencephalon or telencephalon consists of two seprate cerebral hemisphere?

Back 23

telencephalon

Front 24

diencephalon includes what?

Back 24

thalmus and hypothalamus

Front 25

function of thalamus

Back 25

center for somatic sensation

Front 26

function of hypothalamus

Back 26

controls homeostatic functions such as temperature regulation; and primitive emotional responses such as hunger, rage, and the sexual drive

Front 27

telencephalon consists of what?

Back 27

cerebral hemispheres, basal nuclei and the limbic system

Front 28

function of basal nuclei

Back 28

(deep mass of gray) regulating body movement

Front 29

function of limbic system

Back 29

emotion

Front 30

cerebral cortex

Back 30

intelligence, communication, memory, planning, initiation of voluntary movement, reading, and "the mind"

Front 31

left side of brain deals with what?

Back 31

speech

Front 32

right side of brain deals with what?

Back 32

visual spatial reasoning and music

Front 33

corpus callosum

Back 33

connects both cerebral hemisphere

Front 34

broca's area

Back 34

formation of speech

Front 35

wernike's area

Back 35

comprehension of speech

Front 36

how many pairs of cranials nerves and paris of spinal nerves?

Back 36

12 and 31

Front 37

somatic sensory neuron has how many dendrite and axon(s)?

Back 37

one each. bipolar neuron

Front 38

autonomic PNS effrents of para and sympathetic consists of what neurons

Back 38

preganglionic and postganglionic neron

Front 39

preganglionic neuron position?

Back 39

cell body in brainstem or spinal cord

Front 40

postganglionic neuron sends axon to what?

Back 40

effector

Front 41

all autonomic preganglionic neurons release what?

Back 41

acetylcholine

Front 42

all sympathetic postganglionic neurons release

Back 42

norepinephrine

Front 43

autonomic postganglionic neurons can be either?

Back 43

excitotary or inhibitory

Front 44

all parasympahtic postganglionic neurons release?

Back 44

ACh

Front 45

craniosacral system

Back 45

parasympathetic system: preganglionic neurons cell bodies in brainstem

Front 46

thoracolumbar system: sysmpathetic system describe the neurons

Back 46

preganglionic is short while postganglionic cell is long to effector

Front 47

Craniosacral system: parasympathetic system describe the neurons

Back 47

preganglionic neuron is long axon small ganglion

Front 48

adrenal gland consist of what two portions?

Back 48

medulla (inner)
cortex (outer)

Front 49

cortex of adrenal secrete what?

Back 49

glucocorticoid (cortisol) and minderalocorticoid (aldosterone)

Front 50

medulla of adrenal secrete what?

Back 50

epinephrine (adrenaline)

Front 51

pacinian corpuscles

Back 51

pressure sensors deep in skin

Front 52

nociceptors

Back 52

pain receptors

Front 53

outer ear comprise of...

Back 53

auricle or pinna and external auditory canal

Front 54

tympanic membrane

Back 54

eardrum

Front 55

middle ear consists of...

Back 55

ossicles, three small bones call maleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and the stapes (stirrup)

Front 56

oval window divides what part in the ear

Back 56

the inner and middle

Front 57

inner ear includes...

Back 57

cochlea, semicircular canals, utricle, and the saccule

Front 58

what part of ear important sense of balance

Back 58

semicircular canals with utricle and saccula

Front 59

eustrachian tube function

Back 59

auditory tube, equalize pressure on both sides of eardum

Front 60

organ of corti consists of

Back 60

basilar membrane, hair cells, and tectorial membrane

Front 61

what are perilymph and endolymph

Back 61

fluids in cochlea

Front 62

function of semicircular canals

Back 62

three tubes filled with endolymph: detect motion

Front 63

anterior pitutiary is known as

Back 63

adenohypophysis

Front 64

posterior pituitary is konwn as

Back 64

neurohypophysis

Front 65

what hormones do posterior pituitary release

Back 65

ADH, oxytocin

Front 66

what hormones do anterior pitutiary secrete?

Back 66

prolactin, and growth hormone