Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Main tissue type:
a. used for contraction b. contains scattered cells in a matrix c. sheets of closely packed cells d. composed of neurons and supporting cells e. lacks blood vessels f. supports and protects organs g. lines body cavities and covers organs h. forms and conducts impulses i. functions in absorption and secretion |
a. skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscle
b. connective tissue c. epithelial tissue d. nervous tissue e. epithelial f. connective g. epithelial h. nervous i. epithelial |
|
|
a. found in kidney, serves as a filter
b. lines interior of blood vessels c. lines interior of stomach and intestines d. lines upper respiratory passages e. found in oviducts, helps move egg |
a. simple cuboidal
b. simple squamous c. nonciliated simple columnar d. pseudostratified ciliated columnar e. ciliated simple columnar |
|
|
f. forms outer layer of skin
g. lines interior of urinary bladder h. lines mouth and vagina i. contains goblet cells j. forms air sacs of lungs |
f. stratified keratinized squamous
g. transitional h. stratified nonkeratinized squamous i. pseduostratified ciliated columnar and nonciliated simple columnar j. simple squamous |
|
|
Select which connective tissue is described:
a. storage area for fat b. binds skin to muscles c. forms ligaments and tendons d. in walls of arteries e. supporting framework for internal organs f. found in dermis, resists pulls and strains |
a. loose connective: adipose
b. loose connective: areolar c. dense regular d. dense connective: elastic e. loose connective: reticular f. dense irregular |
|
|
g. tightly packed collagenous fibers in one directions
h. insulates body i. tightly packed collagenous fibers in random directions j. enables expansion and contraction of lungs k. protective cushion for internal organs l. acts as a filer/trap in spleen and lymph nodes |
g. dense regular
h. loose connective: adipose i. dense irregular j. dense connective: elastic k. loose connective: adipose l. loose connective: reticular |
|
|
Select the connective tissue described:
a. intervertebral disks b. auricle of outer ear c. forms embryonic bones d. liquid matrix that contains platelets |
a. fibrocartilage
b. elastic cartilage c. hyaline cartilage d. blood |
|
|
e. solid ground substance
f. liquid matrix that provides immunity g. has lacunae h. adapted to absorb shock at articulations |
e. bone
f. lymph g. elastic, fibrocartilage, hyaline cartilage, and bone h. fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage |
|
|
Select the muscle tissues described:
a. voluntary b. involuntary c. in walls of intestines, blood vessels, iris of eyes d. striations, multiple nuclei e. no striations f. rhythmic contractions of a pump |
a. skeletal
b. smooth and cardiac c. smooth d. skeletal e. smooth f. cardiac |
|
|
True of false:
a. nerve cells are called neurons b. the nucleus of a nerve cell is located in the cell body c. nerve cells form and transmit neural impulses d. supporting cells in nerve tissue are fibroblast |
a. true
b. true c. true d. false |
|
|
Most cancers are carcinomas (originate in epithelia cells). why?
|
Because epithelial cells go through cell division quickly and that creates a higher chance of mutation, which then causes cancer
|
|
|
Judy tore a knee cartilage on a skiing vacation. Can she expect a rapid recovery?
|
No, because cartilage is avascular.
|
|
|
The epidermis is a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Explain why this is much better suited for protecting the body's external surface.
|
Keratin is protective and because the tissue is stratified and has multiple layers it can withstand force from any direction
|
|
|
Where are mucous membranes found within the body?
|
lungs, digestive
|
|
|
Why is pseudostratified columnar is not actually stratified?
|
Because it is not multi layer, it just has the look of it
|
|
|
What are the 6 functions of the skeletal system?
|
support, protection, movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, triglyceride storage
|
|
|
What is extracellular matrix composed of?
|
solid; 25% water, 25% collage, the rest is made up of salts
|
|
|
Which term best describes:
a. spaces containing osteocytes b. thickest in the shaft of bone c. found at the ends of bones d. bone matrix e. structural unit of compact bone f. spaces containing red marrow g. structural unit of spongy bone h. channels between lacunae |
a. lacunae
b. compact bone c. spongy bone d. lamellae e. osteon f. spongy bone and trabeculae g. trabeculae h. canaliculi |
|
|
Which best describes:
a. cells that deposit bone matrix b. cells that remove bone matrix (resorption) c. cells that occupy the lacunae d. site of growth in length of long bones e. type of ossification in most skull bones f. type of ossification in bones performed in cartilage g. cells that hollow out the medullary cavity |
a. osteblasts
b. osteoclasts c. osteocytes d. epiphyseal plate e. intramembranous ossification f. endocondrium g. osteoclasts |
|
|
Does the bone grow in length your entire life? If not, when does it stop? What about growth in thickness?
|
No, bones stop growing around the late teens and early twenties. Yes growth in thickness continues.
|
|
|
Describe how the following factors affect bone growth and remodeling:
a. minerals b. vitamin a c. vitamin c d. vitamin d e. human growth hormone f. thyroid hormone g. calcitonin h. parathyroid hormone i. insulin j. testosterone k. estrogen |
a. have to have in diet
b. needed to have osteblast and osteoclast to function c. collagen d. absorption of calcium e. insulin growth factor, growth f. promotes cell division g. decreases when blood calcium is low h. increases when blood calcium is low i. synthesis of bone protein j & k. drastic changes of bones, growth spurts |
|
|
Why do you think wheelchair bound people with paralyzed lower limbs have thin, weak, leg and thigh bones?
|
Because the legs have no stress put on them, so that means there is no signal to increase bone mass.
|
|
|
Why do people living in northern climates need to be more concerned about their vitamin D intake than residents of the tropics?
|
The sun helps the body produce vitamin D
|
|
|
What mineral is most abundant in the skeleton and what is it so important to the rest of the body system?
|
Calcium; without calcium the brain won't function properly, neither will the nervous system, blood, muscles, and heart
|
|
|
Why should young people avoid heavy weight lifting?
|
Because it can influence the shape of bone
|
|
|
How do most osteocyes of an osteon, which are far removed from blood vessels, still receive blood borne nutrients?
|
By canaliculi
|
|
|
Describe the following terms regarding fractures:
a. simple b. compound c. open d. closed e. greenstick f. comminuted g. impacted h. pott's i. collies' j. open reduction k. closed reduction |
a. does not break skin
b. break skin c. same as compound d. same as simple e. fractures are not complete f. fractures into several pieces g. both ends of bone are forced together h. distal tips of the tibia and fibula are broken i. distal end of radius is broken and displaced j. requires surgery k. does not require surgery, just rest and cast |
|
|
What are the 4 steps of bone repair?
|
1. fracture hematoma - clotting factors (blood clot) and inflammation occurs (swelling, pain)
2. fibrocartilagenous callus formation - invasion of phagocytes which cleans away dead tissue, cells, etc; fibroblasts produce collagen and some differentiate into chondroblasts to form fibrocartilage 3. ossification of callus osteogenic cells develop osteblasts and build trabecular (spongy bone) 4. callus is remodeled and builds compact bone |
|
|
What are the 2 divisions of bones and how many in each? Which bones are in each?
|
206 total bones; the axial contains 80 and the appendicular contains 126. The axial consists of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. The appendicular consists of the scapula down to the phalanges and the pelvis down to the phalanges.
|
|
|
Define:
a. cleft palate b. osteomyelitis c. osteophyte d. club foot e. pott's disease |
a. incomplete formation of hard palate and lip
b. bone infection c. bone spur d. inward, outward, or abnormal turn of the feet e. bacterial infection - tuberculosis of spine and leads to collapse of the vertebral column |
|
|
What is the difference between osteoporosis and rickets/osteomalacia?
|
Osteoporosis is weak bones and rickets/osteomalacia is soft bones which cause bending of the bones
|
|
|
What is osteosarcoma? Who is more susceptible? Why?
|
A cancer. Kids are more susceptible because their bones are growing at a higher rate than adults
|
|
|
Define:
a. scoliosis b. kyphosis c. lordosis |
a. lateral bending in thoracic region
b. increase in thoracic curve, hunchback c. increases in lumbar curve |
