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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ANS Overview |
-System of MOTOR neurons that innervate SMOOTH MUSCLE, CARDIAC MUSCLE, and GLANDS -General visceral motor division -MOST nerves serve SOMATIC system -SOME cranial nerves (3,7,9,10) |
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ANS |
-two motor neurons are involved with an autonomic ganglion |
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ANS Motor Unit |
-Chain of TWO motor neurons (pre,post-ganglionic) |
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Pre-Ganglionic ANS |
Thin, lightly myelinated |
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Post-Ganglionic ANS |
Thinner, UNMYELINATED |
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ANS Excitatory or Inhibitory? |
Can be both Excitatory OR Inhibitory |
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Neurotransmitters for ANS |
-Neurotransmitter is Ach or NE, receptors are scattered throughout the organs |
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Sympathetic Activation |
More general activation, ALL AT ONCE |
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Parasympathetic Activation |
More selective activation of specific targets |
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Which is more active, sympathetic or parasympathetic? |
Sympathetic |
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Respiratory system (sympathetic) |
-Dilates bronchioles, Decreases mucous in airways, deeper breaths |
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Respiratory system (parasympathetic) |
-Constricts bronchioles, increases mucous in airways, shallower breaths |
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Cardiovascular system (Sympathetic) |
-Increases HR, increases muscle contractions strength, VASOCONSTRICTION |
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Cardiovascular System (Parasympathetic) |
-Decreases HR, Decreases muscle contraction strength |
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Digestive system (Sympathetic) |
-Decreases saliva, thickens secretions, decreases GI tract motility |
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Digestive system (Parasympathetic) |
-Increases saliva, thins secretion, increases GI tract motility |
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Energy stores (sympathetic) |
-Releases fuel (catabolic), glycogenolysis |
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Energy stores (parasympathetic) |
-Stores fuel (anabolic), glycogenesis |
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Adrenal gland location? |
-Located on SUPERIOR side of kidney |
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Cortex = ? |
- = OUTER PORTION |
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Medulla = ? |
- = INNER PORTION (Sympathetic ganglion) |
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What controls Adrenal Medulla? |
-Controlled by sympathetic nervous system (preganglionic neurons from thoracic spinal nerve) |
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Adrenal Medulla secretion? |
Epinephrine, Norepinephrine (catecholamines) |
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Effects of the Adrenal Medulla? |
-reinforces SYMPATHETIC mass activation, hormonal affect lasts longer |
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General Visceral Neurons |
-Stretch, temperature, chemicals, irritation -Most are free nerve endings |
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Control of ANS |
-Brain stem and spinal cord -Hypothalamus -Amygdala -Cerebral cortex |
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Brain Stem and spinal cord |
-Reticular formation - MOST DIRECT INFLUENCE |
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Hypothalamus |
-Main integration center of ANS, directs PARASYMPATHETIC and SYMPATHETIC activities |
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Amygdala |
-Part of limbic system -Stimulates sympathetic activity -- FEAR |
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Cerebral Cortex |
-Can overcome responses with relaxation |
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Autonomic dysreflexia (mass reflex reaction |
-Uncontrolled activation of ANS motor neuron -Affects people with spinal cord injuries above T6 -Initial trigger causes mass activity of relfexes - body spasms, colon and bladder empty, sweating, high blood pressure |
