Anatomy---Articulation, Synovial Joints, Intercellular Junctions

Front 1

articulation

Back 1

a joint, point of contact between bones, cartilage and bone, teeth and bone

Front 2

arthrology

Back 2

study of joints

Front 3

arthritis

Back 3

inflammation of joints

Front 4

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 4

primary symptom is synovitis, auto immune

Front 5

osteoarthritis

Back 5

caused by wear and tear

Front 6

gouty arthritis

Back 6

due to elevated uric acid concentrations

Front 7

synarthroses

Back 7

immoveable joints

Front 8

amphiarthroses

Back 8

slightly moveable

Front 9

diarthroses

Back 9

freely moveable joints

Front 10

fibrous joints

Back 10

no joint cavity, bones held together by fibrous connective tissue

Front 11

sutures

Back 11

fibrous joints located between skull bones, interlocking and overlapping, synarthrotic

Front 12

synostoses

Back 12

joint present during growth but replaced by bone in adult

Front 13

syndesmosis

Back 13

bone surfaces united by larger amounts of fibrous CT, not as tight as suture, distal articulation of tib/fib, radioulnar interosseus membrane, amphiarthrotic

Front 14

gomphosis

Back 14

cone shaped peg fits into socket, rrots of teeth in maxilla and mandible, synarthrotic

Front 15

cartilaginous joints

Back 15

no joint cavity, bones connected by cartilage, numerous types

Front 16

synchondrosis

Back 16

hyaline cartilage CT, epiphyseal plate, between 1st rib and manubrium, synarthrotic

Front 17

symphasis

Back 17

fibrocartilage, centra of vertebrae, pubic symphasis, amphiarthrotic

Front 18

synovial joints

Back 18

synovial cavity with synovial fluid, articular capsule, surrounds cavity, unites bones, fibrous capsule(collagenous CT)ligaments reinforce articular capsule, diarthrotic

Front 19

menisci

Back 19

articular discs found in some synovial joints, act as shock absorbers, compensate for incongruence of articulating bones

Front 20

gliding joints

Back 20

flat articular surfaces, one bone slides over other in several directions, carpals and tarsals, sternum clavicle

Front 21

hinge joints

Back 21

convex surface or one bone fits into the concave surface of other, elbow, knee--patella

Front 22

pivot joint

Back 22

rounded pointed or conical surface of one bone articulates w/ shallow depression of another bone, atlas axis, proximal radius and ulna

Front 23

ellipsoidal

Back 23

condyloid joint, oval shaped condyle of one bone fits into the elliptical cavity of another bone, metacarpal bone and proximal phalanx

Front 24

saddle joint

Back 24

articular surface of both bones are saddle shaped, concave in one direction, convex in other---thumb

Front 25

ball and socket

Back 25

ball like surface fits into cup like depression, femur with acetabulum, humerous with glenoid fossa

Front 26

intercellular junctions

Back 26

junctional complexes, located between plasma membranes of epithelial cells and smooth and cardiac muscle cells

Front 27

tight junction

Back 27

zonula occludens, watertight, like a zipper, completely girdle each cell like a belt, common in epithelial cells that line the small intestine

Front 28

intermediate junciton

Back 28

zonula adherens, just below the tight junction, firm,belt like connections, located between small intestinal epithelia, a mat of microfilaments is embedded in dense regions of cytoplasm

Front 29

desmosome

Back 29

macula adherens, very strong points of attachment, like weld spots, epidermis, small intestine, cardiac and uterine muscles, microfilaments converge on plaque and make uturn back into cytoplasm

Front 30

hemidesmosomes

Back 30

half a desmosome, anchor basal layers of stratified epithelium to a basement membrane

Front 31

gap junction

Back 31

nexus, neither strong or watertight, allow flow of small molecules and ions between cells, activites of cells can be integrated so they function as a unit, epithelial and smooth and cardiac muscle cells, channel formed by pair of pipes