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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where are striated muscles located? A. Stomach wall and uterus B. Urinary bladder and intestine C. Cailiary body of the eye D. Heart and skeletal muscle |
D Heart and skeletal muscle -The stomach wall, uterus, urinary bladder, intestine, and ciliary body all have smooth muscle
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The pressure in the systemic arteries during ventricular contraction is A. Diastolic blood pressure B. Osmotic pressure C. Systolic blood pressure D. Low pressure |
C. Systolic blood pressure -Diastolic blood pressure is present when the ventricles are relaxed and therefore is a lower pressure than systolic blood pressure |
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The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures of the expanding and contracting arterial wall is the A. Pulse B. Osmotic pressure C. End systolic volume D. Stoke volume |
A. Pulse -A stronger palpated pulse is due to a greater pulse pressure |
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Input from what system causes vasoconstriction during exercise and therefore an increase in blood pressure? A. Sympathetic nervous system B. Parasympathetic nervous system C. Central nervous system D. Peripheral nervous system |
A. Sympathetic nervous system -Exercise increases blood pressure because of vasoconstriction |
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Cardiac muscle is A. Nonstriated involuntary B. Striated involuntary C. Nonstriated voluntary D. Striated voluntary |
B. striated involuntary |
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In what order does the impulse for depolarization travel through the heart? A. AV node, SA node, bundle of his, purkinje fibers B. SA node, AV node, bundle of his, purkinje fibers C. SA node, AV node, purkinje fibers, bundle of his D. AV node, SA node, purkinje fibers, bundle of his |
B. SA node, AV node, bundle of his, purkinje fibers |
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The wave on an electrocardiogram that is associated with the atrial wall depolarization is the A. PR interval B. T wave C. QRS complex D. P wave |
D. P wave -PR interval is the length of time for the impulse to travel through the AV node. T wave is ventricular repolarization, and the QRS complex is ventricular depolarization |
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The SA node is located in the wall of which chamber? A. Left atrium B. Left ventricle C. Right atrium D. Right ventricle |
C. Right atrium -The SA node is the hearts dominant pacemaker |
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The muscular sphincter located between the stomach and the duodenum is A. Pylorus B. Cardia C. Chyme D. Rugae |
A. Pyorus -The cardia is the sphincter between the esophagus and stomach. Chyme is the digested stomach content that moves through the pylorus. Rugae are long folds found in the stomach. |
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The type of cell responsible for the transmission of impulses through the nervous system is the A. Neuroglia B. Schwann C. Neuron D. Oligodendrocyte |
C. Neuron -Neuroglia protect and support the nervous system. Schwann cells are specialized glial cells in the peripheral nerves. Oligodendrocytes are specialized glial cells in the brain and spinal cord. |
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What system is anatomically composed of the brain and spinal cord? A. Central nervous system B. Peripheral nervous system C. Parasympathetic nervous system D. Sympathetic nervous system |
A. Central nervous system |
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Functions that an animal does not have to consciously control, such as peristalsis in the intestine, are influenced by the A. Somatic nervous system B. Central nervous system C. Peripheral nervous system D. Autonomic nervous system |
D. Autonomic nervous system |
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The cranial nerves and the spinal nerves are anatomically part what system? B. Peripheral nervous system C. Parasympathetic nervous system D. Sympathetic nervous system |
B. Peripheral nervous system |
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Sensory nerves are considered A. Efferent motor nerves B. Motor nerves C. Efferent nerves D. Afferent nerves |
D. Afferent nerves -Afferent nerves conduct impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. Motor nerves are efferent nerves that send impulses to the skeletal muscles, organs, glands, and so forth from the central nervous system |
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An imbalance of what minerals can affect nerve function? A. Phosphorus and magnesium B. Sodium and potassium C. Manganese and chromium D. Iron and zinc
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B. Sodium and potassium |
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When a stimulus is strong enough to cause complete depolarization, it has reached A. Thershold B. Repolarization C. Refractory period D. Action potential
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A. Thershold |
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What happens within the neuron that allows local anesthetics to be effective? A. Potassium gates open B. The charge within the cell becomes positive C. The charge within the cell becomes negative D. Sodium channels become blocked |
D. Sodium channels become blocked - Molecules of the local anesthetic block the sodium channels so depolarization cannot occur, and the sensation of pain will not reach the brain |
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Smooth muscles can be found in the A. Heart B. Stomach C. Pelvic limb D. Diaphragm |
B. Stomach - Smooth muscles are found in the walls of may soft internal organs. They can also be found in various structures of the eyes, blood vessels, and small passageways in the lungs
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Which muscle cells have single nuclei? A. Skeletal and cardiac B. Skeletal and smooth C. Smooth and cardiac D. Skeletal only |
C. Smooth and cardiac - Skeletal muscle cells have multiple nuclei |
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Cattle and swine display what type of estrous cycle? A. Polyestrous B. Seasonally polyestrous C. Diestrous D. Monoestrous |
A. Polyestrous - Cattle and swine continuously cycle throughout the year |
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Dogs demonstrate what type of estrous cycle? A. Poly estrous B. Seasonally polyestrous C. Diestrous D. Monoestrous |
C. Diestrous - Dogs cycle twice a year, in the spring and in the fall
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What species is an induced ovulator? A. Bovine B. Equine C. Canine D. Feline |
D. Feline -Cats will remain in prolonged estrus if not bred
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In what stage of the estrous cycle does the corpus luteum develop? A. Proestrus B. Estrus C. Metestrus D. Diestrus |
C. Metestrus - The corpus luteum develops after ovulation |
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The hormone produced by a developing ovarian follicle is A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Prolactin D. Oxytocin |
A. Estrogen - The corpus luteum produces progesterone. Prolactin is produced by the anterior pituitary gland, and oxytocin by the posterior pituitary gland. |
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What hormone contracts the female reproductive tract to help move spermatozoa into the oviducts? A. Estrogen B. Progesterone C. Prolactin D. Oxytocin |
D. Oxytocin |
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To achieve a normal pregnancy the blastocyst attaches to what structure? A. Endometrium B. Placenta C. Oviduct D. Cervix |
A. Endometrium -Endometrium is the lining of the uterus |
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Giving birth is known as A. Parturition B. Gestation C. Lactation D. Estrous |
A. Parturition |
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From the estrous cycle to parturition, in what order are the following hormones released? A. Estrogen, oxytocin, progesterone B. Oxytocin, estrogen, progesterone C. Estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin D. Progesterone, estrogen oxytocin |
C. Estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin -Estrogens prepare the animal for breeding adn pregnancy. Progesterone prepares the uterus for implantation and maintains pregnancy. Oxytocin causes contractions for parturition |
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Which animal has a cotyledonary placenta? A. Cat B. Dog C. Horse D. Sheep |
D. Sheep - Most ruminants have cotyledonary placental attachments |
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In cotyledonary placentation the mother's side of the attachment is called the A. Caruncle B. Cotyledon C. Placentome D. Polycyton |
a. Caruncle -The cotyledon is the fetal side of the placenta, and the placentoma is the structure that results when the caruncle and cotyledon are joined
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A pregnant mare has what kind of placentation? A. Zonary B. Cotyledonary C. Diffuse D. Discoid |
C. Diffuse |
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A pregnant bit*h has what kind of placentation? A. Zonary B. Cotyledonary C. Diffuse D. Discoid |
A. Zonary |
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A pregnant rodent has what kind of placentation? A. Zonary B. Cotyledonary C. Diffuse D. Discoid |
D. Discoid |
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A pregnant queen has what kind of placentation? A. Zonary B. Cotyledonary C. Diffuse D. Discoid |
A. Zonary |
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The canine uterus is shaped like the letter A. U B. Y C. J D. V |
B. Y
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How many mammary glands are typically found on a bit*h? A. 8-12 B. 12-14 C. 4-6 D. 10-16 |
A. 8-12 -The number varies but typically there are four thoracic mammae, four abdominal mammae, and two inguinal mammae |
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Which reaction is the result of parasympathetic nervous system stimulation? A. Bronchodilation B. Pupil dilation C. Decreased GI motility D. Decreased heart rate |
D. Decreased heart rate - Sympathetic stimulation elicits the "fight or flight" response that is seen with the other three reactions |
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Which reaction is the result of sympathetic nervous system stimulation? A. Decreased heart rate B. Dilated pupils C. Increased GI activity D. Increased salivation |
B. Dilated pupils -The other three reactions are the result of parasympathetic nervous system stimulation |
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Acetylcholine is released as a neurotransmitter by A. Effector organs B. Sensory bodies C. Postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers D. Postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers |
C. Postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers -Postganglionic sympathic neurons release epinephrine or norepinephrine |
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The neurotransmitter that is most responsible for the "flight or fight" reaction is A. Epinephrine B. Acetylcholine C. Dopemine D. Serotonin |
A. Epinephrine |
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In the healthy heart, the heartbeat is initiated by the A. SA node B. Purkinje fibers C. Vagus nerve D. AV node |
A. SA node |
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On an electrocardiogram the T wave is most closely associated with A. Atrial depolarization B. Atrial repolarization C. Ventricular depolarization D. Ventricular repolarization |
D. Ventricular repolarization |
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On an electrocardiogram the P wave is most closely associated with A. Atrial depolarization B. Atrial repolarization C. Ventricular depolarization D. Ventricular repolarization
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A. Atrial depolarization |
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Which of the following conditions is most life threatening? A. Atrial fibrillation B. Ventricular fibrillation C. First-degree heart block D. Complete heart block |
B. Ventricular fibrillation -In ventricular fibrillation, there is effectively no blood being pumped by the heart |
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Increasing a neuron's permeability to Na+ will cause A. Hyperexcitability B. An increase in the intensity of the stimulus required to generate an action potential C. The neuron to become more hyperpolarized D. The membrane potential of the neuron to become more negative |
A. Hyperexcitability -Lidocaine, a local anesthetic, is a Na+ channel blocker, that is it does the opposite of increasing permeability to Na+ |
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Atropine works primarily by A. Stimulating the sympathetic system B. Blocking the sympathetic system C. Stimulating the parasympathetic system D. Blocking parasympathetic actions |
D. Blocking parasympathetic actions
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The primary constituent of blood responsible for the oncotic (osmotic) pressure of blood is A. NaCl B. Albumin C. Hemoglobin D. Red blood cells
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B. Albumin -Albumin is the primary constituent of blood responsible for the oncotic pressure of blood. Oncotic pressure is a form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in blood plasma. It pulls water into the circulatory system. |
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Edema would mostly likely develop during or after which one of the following conditions? A. Salt deficiency B. Dehydration C. Low blood pressure D. Inactivity |
D. Inactivity |
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On inspiration the pressure in the thoracic cavity, as compared with ambient air pressure is A. Negative B. Positive C. Same as the ambient air pressure D. Fluctuating |
A. Negative |
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In healthy, awake cat the primary stimulus in blood for respiration is A. Increased CO 2 B. Decreased O2 C. Increased lactic acid D. Increased K+ |
A. Increased CO 2 |
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An increased PVC could be indicative of A. Liver disease B. Anemia C. Leucocytosis D. Dehydration |
D. Dehydration |
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Apnea will cause A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis |
C. Respiratory acidosis -Caused by a buildup of CO 2 |
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Dehydration will typically not lead to A. Thirst B. Urine with a specific gravity greater than 1.015 C. Increased osmolarity of blood D. Polyuria |
D. Polyuria |
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Which of the following nutrients can be used for gluconeogenesis? A. Long chain fatty acids B. Amino acids C. Vitamin C D. Iron |
B. Amino acids |
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Cataracts are due to a problem with transparency of the A. Cornea B. Vitreous humor C. Lens D. Aqueous humor |
C. Lens |
