Anatomy And Physiology Exam 1

Front 1

What is the study of Anatomy

Back 1

The study of the structure / build of the human body

Front 2

What is the study of Phyisology

Back 2

The study of the functions of the body/ how the body works

Front 3

Upon what principle is the study of anatomy and physiology based?

Back 3

Structure reflects function, function reflects structure

Front 4

Why do we undertake in anatomy and physiology simultaneously?

Back 4

The two subjects are complementary, understanding one strengthens the other

Front 5

What is nephrology

Back 5

The study of kidney function

Front 6

What is renal physiology

Back 6

To filter, balance fluids and electrons

Front 7

What is Systemic Anatomy

Back 7

The study of the structure of the human body systems, and how they mutually interact.

Front 8

What is Systemic Physiology

Back 8

The interactions between the circulatory, repiratory, nervous, and skeletal systems.

Front 9

What is neuroanatomy

Back 9

The anatomy of the nervous system

Front 10

What is neurophysiology

Back 10

The study of nervous system function

Front 11

WHat is cardiovascular physiology

Back 11

The study of the circulatory system functions

Front 12

What is cardiovascular anatomy

Back 12

Heart, Arteries, veins, capillaries, and the blood.

Front 13

What is developmental anatomy

Back 13

The study of the human body changes from birth to death.

Front 14

What is embryology

Back 14

The study of human body structural changes prior to birth

Front 15

What is the study of pathology

Back 15

the study of human changes caused by disease states

Front 16

What is homeostasis

Back 16

Maintaning over all balance. Can fluctuate, but there is no net change

Front 17

What is compartmentalization

Back 17

Maintaining the internal enviornment seperate from the external enviornment. It is functional and physical

Front 18

What is compartmentalization functional and physical

Back 18

Because the function must be regulated, regardless of whether it is physical or functional.

Front 19

What are the key characteristics to life

Back 19

1. Maintainence of boundries 2.Movement 3Responsiveness
4. Digestion 5. Metabolism 6. Exretion 7. Reproduction 8 Growth 9 Survival needs, 10. Homeostasis

Front 20

What is Metabolism

Back 20

The sum of total chemical reactions occuring within the human body.

Front 21

What is Metabolism all about?

Back 21

Includes the buildup of nutrient build up and break down for use.

Front 22

What is the objective of metabolism?

Back 22

To ensure a continous supply of ATP

Front 23

What is anabolism?

Back 23

The build up of nutrient storage products during metabolism

Front 24

What is Catabolism

Back 24

The breakdown of anabolism to be used.

Front 25

What is the Dorsal Body Cavity divided into

Back 25

Cranial and Vertebral cavities.

Front 26

What does the dorsal body cavity protect

Back 26

The central nervous system

Front 27

What does the cranial cavity encase?

Back 27

The brain

Front 28

What does the vertebral cavity encase

Back 28

the spinal cord

Front 29

What does the ventral body cavity contain?

Back 29

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Front 30

What is the thoracic cavity?

Back 30

Pleural ( lungs )and Pericardial ( heart) cavities

Front 31

What does the abdominopelvic cavity contain

Back 31

Below the diaphragm-- stomach, intestines, sex organs, etc.

Front 32

Where is the thoracic cavity located

Back 32

In the ventral body cavity, above the diaphraghm

Front 33

Where is the abdominicopelvic cavity located?

Back 33

In the ventral body cavity, below the diaphraghm

Front 34

What are the otic body cavities?

Back 34

Inner ear

Front 35

What re the optic body davities?

Back 35

Orbital cavities ( vision)

Front 36

What is the term assosiated with serousus membranes that cover organs

Back 36

Visceral...

Front 37

What is the term assosiated with serousus membranes that line cavities

Back 37

Parietal...

Front 38

What is the meaning of efferent

Back 38

Motor Nerve-- a nerve that conveys impulses toward or to muscles or glands

Front 39

What is the meaning of Afferent

Back 39

sensory nerve: a nerve that passes impulses from receptors toward or to the central nervous system

Front 40

What is a servo system?

Back 40

A feedback system, designed to help the body maintain homeostasis

Front 41

What are the planes of the body?

Back 41

Sagittal, Frontal, and Transverse

Front 42

What does the transverse section

Back 42

Top and botom

Front 43

What does the mid-saggital section

Back 43

Right and left

Front 44

What does the frontal/coronal section

Back 44

Front and back

Front 45

What membrane covers the heart

Back 45

Visceral Pericardium

Front 46

What membrane covers the lungs

Back 46

Visceral Pleura

Front 47

What membrane covers the organs

Back 47

Visceral peritoneum

Front 48

What membrane lines the heart

Back 48

Parietal Pericardium

Front 49

What membrane lines the lungs

Back 49

Parietal Pleura

Front 50

What membrane lines the abdominal cavity

Back 50

Parietal Peritoneum

Front 51

What is the difference between parietal and visceral

Back 51

visceral covers, parietal lines.

Front 52

What is Histology

Back 52

The study of tissue

Front 53

What is a tissue

Back 53

A group of associated similar and dissimilar cells related in structure performing a common function

Front 54

What is Cytology

Back 54

The study of cells

Front 55

What are the four fundamental tissue types

Back 55

Epithelium, Connective Tissue, Muscle, and Nerve

Front 56

What is the anatomy of Epithelim

Back 56

Covers surfaces and lines cavities

Front 57

What are the functions of Epithelium

Back 57

Protection, excretion, absorption, secretion, filtration, and sensory reception.

Front 58

How are epithelial tissue classified?

Back 58

Simple Squamous Epithelium, Simple cuboidal epithelium, Simple columnar epithelium pseudostratified epithelium, simple cilliated columna epithelium, stratified squamous epithlium, stratified cuboidal epithelium, stratified columnar epithelium, transitional epithelim, Glandular epithelium

Front 59

What do Simple Squamous Epithelim look like? Where are they found

Back 59

Typically found lining cavities, including blood vessels, and covering surfaces. The individual cells appear flattened and the nucleus is disc like. Each cell is attached to a basal membrane.

Front 60

What do Simple Cuboidal lEpithelim look like? Where are they found

Back 60

1 cell layer thick, and are cube shaped.

Used to form gland duts, tubuels, and kidney tubles.

Think CANDY CORN

Front 61

What do Simple Columnar lEpithelim look like? Where are they found

Back 61

1 cell layer thick, cells are column or cylinder shaped. This type of cells line the digestive tract, gall blater, uterus, and fallopian tubes.

Front 62

What do Pseudostratified Epithelium cells look like? Where are they found?

Back 62

A single layer of cells that appear to be multiple layers. Found in areas where absorption and filtration occur, such as the trachea.

Front 63

What do Simple Ciliated Columnar Epithelium cells look like? Where are they found?

Back 63

Found in the lining of the uterine, bronchioles,. Characterestid by cillia on the apical surface.

Front 64

What do Stratified SquamousEpithelium cells look like? Where are they found?

Back 64

Most abundant type. Found all over skin and in every opeining.

Front 65

What type of glands have ducts

Back 65

Exocrine...secrete right into blood

Front 66

What type of glands do not have ducts

Back 66

Endocrine, so they can excrete hormones

Front 67

What are the four types of connective tissue

Back 67

Connective tissue proper, cartilage, cone, and blood.

Front 68

Function of Connective tissue proper

Back 68

Loose material that serves as packing material between other tissue, small blood vessels, and nerves. Surrounds glands, and serves as a cushion.

Front 69

Function of Cartilage

Back 69

midway dense connective tissue and bone. Tough, yet flexible. Consists of different types

Front 70

Function of bone

Back 70

Provide support/protection to delicate organs. Bone is abundant with collagen.

Front 71

Blood

Back 71

Made up of erythrocytes, lymphocytes, and thrombocytes.

Front 72

What are the three types of cartilage

Back 72

Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage

Front 73

A&P of Hyaline cartilage

Back 73

Blue apperance . Provides spongy pads within joints, nose, larynx. Provides supporting rings of trachea Less fiber, more poly saccharide..

Front 74

A&P of Elastic cartilage

Back 74

Almost identical to hyaline, but with more elastin. Found in external auditory meatus and epiglottis

Equal in fiber and polysaccaride

Front 75

A&P of Fibrocartilage

Back 75

Found where hyaline cartilage meets tendon or ligaments. HIgh in fiber, low in poly saccharide.

Front 76

What are Osteoblasts?

Back 76

Juvenile bone cells thta produce collagen fibers

Front 77

What are osteocytes

Back 77

Mature bone cells, reside with lacunae

Front 78

What are osteoclasts

Back 78

bone remolding cells.

Front 79

What are the four types of muscle tissues

Back 79

Muscle, Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth