Anatomy And Physiology Ch. 3

Front 1

Cell

Back 1

structural and functional unit of all living matter, vary in size shape and function

Front 2

Cell membrane
doorman
physically holds it together and selects substabces to entor or leave

Back 2

Cell is encased in a cell membrane that is also called a plasma membrane, it separates the intracellular (inside) from the extracellular (outside of cell) physically holds it together. selects substances to enter or leave the cell

Front 3

Semi Permiable

Back 3

sellectively permiable, selecting and allowing substances in or out of the cell

Front 4

Nucleus

Back 4

Control center or power house of cell, controls the workings of an entire cell, contains the genetic info and controls protein synthesis

Front 5

Nucleoplasm

Back 5

substance that fills nucleus

Front 6

Nuclear membrane

Back 6

large pores that allow free movement of certain substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Front 7

Cytoplasm

Back 7

gel like substnce found in the cell but "outside the Nucleus" The gell in the cell is primarily comprised of water electrolytes and nutrients

Front 8

Organelles

Back 8

Part of the cytoplasm, little organs that play a specific role

Front 9

Mitochondria
Slipper Shaped
How hard it works

Back 9

Tiny slipper shaped organelles, the number depends on how hard the cell works

Front 10

Ribosomes
Protein makers, some like to hang out in the ER

Back 10

Cytoplasmic Organelles that are associated with protein synthesis
some are attatched to the Endoplasmic Reticulum "ER"

Front 11

Endoplasmic Reticulum
"ER"

Back 11

network of membranes within cytoplasm , the long folded membranes form channels for substances to move through, two types of ER Rough and Smooth

Front 12

Rough ER
proteins

Back 12

Rough sandpaprer like appearance , RER is concerned with protein synthesis , then hooks up with the Golgi Apparatus

Front 13

Smoothe SER
lipids
steroids

Back 13

SER is smoothe when the ER doesn't contain ribosomes on its surface it is smoothe and not sandpaper lke, it is sconcerned with lipids and steroids

Front 14

Golgi Apparatus
Packages it up and wraps it

Back 14

series of flattened membrane sacs , protien sythesized along ER are transported to Golgi thru channels formed by ER, golgi puts the finishing touches on protein, wraps it up

Front 15

Lysosomes
Garbage Men (lysol)
clean the house
Phagocytosis

Back 15

Membrane sacs that contain powerful enzymes; digestive organelles that break down waste and debris

Front 16

Cytoskeleton

cells skeleton

Back 16

tiny tube like structures that maintain the shape of the cell, assists in the movement

Front 17

Centrioles
pairs

Back 17

Paired rod like structures, key role is reproduction

Front 18

Flagella
sperm

Back 18

Whiplike similar to cilia because both are hairlike, thicker, longer with tail
sperm

Front 19

Cilia
move mucus and
trapped dust away from lungs

Back 19

short hairlike projections on outer surface

Front 20

Movement across the cell membrane

Back 20

Passive Transport
Active Transport

Front 21

Passive transport
require no additional energy in the form of ATP

Back 21

Diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
osmosis
filtration

Front 22

Active Transport
requires an input of energy thru ATP

Back 22

Active Transport Pumps
Endocytosis
(Phagocytosis)
(Pinocytosis)
Exocytois

Front 23

Diffusion
Like Osmosis but without water

Back 23

Movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area with lower concentration

Front 24

Facilitated Diffusion
like diffusion but has a "helper"

Back 24

a "Helper" molecule within the membrane that assists the movement of substances from a higher concentrated to lower concentrated

Front 25

Osmosis
brings a full glass of water to a person that is almost out

Back 25

Movement of water(solvent) from an area with more water to an area with less

Front 26

Filtration
Pushy

Back 26

Movement of water and dissolved substance from an area of high pressure to an area with low pressure, the water and dissolved substances are pushed.

Front 27

Active Transport Pumps
ATP
Uphill, packs low concentration to high, requires input

Back 27

ATP moves a substance uphill (from an area of LOW concentration to an area of high Requires an input of energy

Front 28

Endocytosis
takes in or ingests

Back 28

Taking in or ingesting substances by the cell membrane

Front 29

Pagocytosis
Cellular eating

Back 29

Engulfing solid particles by the cell membrane

Front 30

Pinocytosis
cellular drinking

Back 30

Cell engulfs liquid droplets

Front 31

Exocytosis
secretion, exiting debris and waste

Back 31

process by which the cell secretes waste products out of cell

Front 32

Isotonic Solution

Back 32

same concentration as cellular fluid Iso means same
Saline IV

Front 33

Hypertonic

Back 33

too much salt in the solution, water rushes out causes the red blood cell to shink or crenate because water rushes out

Front 34

Hypotonic

Back 34

a solution containing no solute, water is dominant and will rush in to place with least amount, (osmosis) causing RBC to burst

Front 35

RBC

Back 35

red blood cell

Front 36

Commonly used isotonic solution
Most IV solutions

Back 36

5% (dextrose or glucose in water or DW5 and ringers solution,