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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy |
Study of body structures and relationships between structures |
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Physiology |
The study of how the body works |
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Chemical level (levels of organization) |
Consists of the smallest functioning components of structural organization; includes atoms and molecules |
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Cellular level (levels of organization) |
Formed by the combination of molecules into organelles and then into cells; cells are the basic structural and functional units of organism; types include nerve cells and blood cells |
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Growth (characteristics of living organism) |
An increase in body size resulting from an increase in the number of cells, the size of the cells, or both |
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Differentiation (characteristics of living organism) |
The process of a cell developing from an unspecialized one (often termed stem cell) to a specialized cell |
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Stem cell |
Precursor cells that can divide and give rise to offspring which undergo differentiation |
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Reproduction (characteristics of living organism) |
The formation of new cells for tissue growth, repair, or replacement, or the production of a new individual |
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Homeostasis |
A steady state produced by a body's regulatory systems; the condition of equilibrium; ex blood sugar, body temperature, blood pressure |
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Body fluids |
Dilute, watery solutions found inside cells as well as surrounding them |
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Intracellular fluid (ICF) |
Fluid within the cells |
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Extra cellular fluid (ECF) |
Fluid outside of the cells |
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Types of extra cellular fluid |
Interstitial fluid Blood plasma Lymph Cerebrospinal Synovial fluid Aqueous humor and vitreous body |
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Interstitial fluid |
The ECF that fills narrow spaces between the cells of a tissue |
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Tissue level |
Group of cells that perform a particular function for the organism; types include muscle tissue and connective tissue |
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Blood plasma |
ECF within blood vessels |
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Lymph |
ECF within lymphatic vessels |
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Cerebrospinal |
ECF in spinal cord and brain |
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Synovial fluid |
ECF within joints |
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Aqueous humor and vitreous body |
ECF aqueous humor in front of the eye and vitreous body in back of the eye |
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Organ level |
Formed by two or more different types of tissue; have a specific function and shape; types include the brain and the spleen |
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System level |
Consists of several related organs that have a common function; types include lymphatic and endocrine systems. |
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Organims |
All the parts of the body functioning together as an individual |
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Metabolism (characteristics of living organism) |
The sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the body |
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Catabolism |
The breaking down of complex chemical substances into simpler ones; digestion |
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Anabolism |
The building up of complex chemical substances From simpler ones; synthesizing proteins from amino acids |
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Responsiveness (characteristics of living organism) |
The body's ability to detect and respond to changes in its internal environment; ex change in body temperature or turning to hear your name called |
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Movement (characteristics of living organism) |
The motion of the whole body or part of the body |
