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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy is ----
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the study of the structure of the body parts
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physiology
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the study of the function of the body
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Gross or macroscopic
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the study of large body structures that can be seen by the eye
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what are the four basic types of tissues?
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epithelium
connective muscular nervous |
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what makes up molecules?
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carbon
hydrogen nitrogen |
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system that includes hair, skin, nails?
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integumentary system
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system that includes glands and hormones
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endocrine system
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what is the chemical reation that occurs within our cells?
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metabolism
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--- is tearing down substances into building blocks
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catabolism
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all chemicle reatctions int he body that release energy require what?
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oxygen
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water makes up what % of our body weight
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60-80%
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how do we lose water from our body?
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feces
urine sweat breathing |
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what four things do an organism need to survive?
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oxygen
water nutrients normal body temp. |
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what organs will die first with the lack of proper oxygen to the body?
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brain
heart |
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how much of the air we breath is oxygen?
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20%
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Normal body temp
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98.6 F or 36 C
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anything that takes up space and has mass
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matter
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T or F the mass of an object never changes but the weight can because of gravity
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true
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what are the 3 states of matter?
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Solids
liquids gasses |
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Definition of Energy
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the capacity to do work or put matter into motion
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2 forms of energy
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Kinetic
potential |
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What is kinetic energy?
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Energy in motion, such a bouncing a ball, or pushing a broom
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what is potential energy?
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Energy that is stored such as a battery
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what is ATP
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usable energy foods are broken down from glucose to ATP to be able to be used in the cells
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what is glucose?
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Blood sugar
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what kind of energy is used in all the nerves?
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electrical energy
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When a person is pedaling a bike, what kind of energy is being used?
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Mechanical Energy
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What energy in the body travels in waves?
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electromagnetic energy
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Salts are a compound that contain any ions except what 2 ions?
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hydrogen and hydroxide
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What is the PH of human blood?
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7.4 is the ph of the human blood
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solution with a PH below 7 are what
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acidic
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solution with a PH above 7 are what
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alkaline
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what detects even slight changes in the PH of blood
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Buffer
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What is the name of a simple sugars (one-sugar)
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monosaccharides
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what is the sugar portion of DNA
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Deoxyribose
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What is the natural sugar in milk?
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Galactose
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what is the natural sugar in fruit?
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Fructose
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What is the name for double sugars-when two monosacchorides come together
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Disaccharides
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Name for many sugars
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polysaccharides
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Another name for Lipids
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Fats
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What kind of fat is known for clogging the arteries?
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Saturated fats
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what is the most important type of steroid in the body?
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Cholesterol
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what are some examples of steroids in the body?
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sex hormones
vitamin D cholesteral |
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Eicosanoids are a group of molecules that come from fatty acids within all cell membranes- what are the most important elcosanoids?
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prostaglandins
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proteins make up what % of the cell mass
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10 - 30 %
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Proteins in the cell mass are mostly known for what abilities?
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structural abilities
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proteins are classified by their apperance and shape as what two types?
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fibrous proteins
globular proteins |
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What is the single most abundant protein in the body and what type of tissue is it found in?
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Collagen and it is found in the connective tissues
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Globular protein are also refered to as what kind of protein
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functional because they play crucial roles in almost all biological processes
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what are the largest molecules in the body?
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Nucleic acids
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When glucose is converted to ATP what is this called?
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Cellular respiration= which is in the form of usable energy for our cells
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What are characteristics of a base? such as soap?
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Slippery and have a bitter taste
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what are characteristics of an acid?
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they are sour and they aid in digestion
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Why was the PH scale invented?
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to check alcoholic products to make sure bacteria would spoil them. it runs on a scale of 0-14
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Acidosis is most common in what kind of patients?
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Diabeties
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buccal
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cheek
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mental
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chin
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occipital
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back of head
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cervical
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neck
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acromial
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point of the shoulder
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scapular
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shoulder blades
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lumbar
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lower back
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sacral
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between the hips
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gluteal
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buttock
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thoracic
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chest
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axillary
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armpit
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inguinal
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groin
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brachial
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arm
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antebrachial
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forearm
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olecranal
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back of elbow
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pollex
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thumb
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palmar
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palm
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femoral
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thigh
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popliteal
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back of the knee
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patellar
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front of the knee
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crural
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lower leg
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sural
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calf
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pedal
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foot
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tarsal
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ankle
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digitals
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toes or finger
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hallux
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big toe
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calcaneal
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heel
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plantar
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sole of foot
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coxal
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hhip
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