Integumentary System

Front 1

The integumentary system consists of

Back 1

Skin, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, hair and nailsZZ

Front 2

What is the largest organ of the body

Back 2

Skin

Front 3

What are the functions of the skin

Back 3

Balance of temperature

Loss of Moisture

Infection and Injury Protection

Synthesizes Vitamin D

Senation (touch and temp)

Front 4

What 2 major components is skin composed of?

Back 4

Cutaneous membrane and acessory structures

Front 5

Epidermis

Back 5

Composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Does not have blood vessels. Elastic on the outside that is continuosly being regenerated

Front 6

Dermis

Back 6

Made of dense irregular connective tissues that houses blood vessels

Front 7

Hypodermis

Back 7

Beneath dermis, composed of loose connective and fatty tissues

Front 8

Skin is classified as?

Back 8

Thin skin

Front 9

Thick skin is found in?

Back 9

Palms and soles of feet

Front 10

WHat does keratin do?

Back 10

It gives hair skin and nails it's hardening and waterproof

Front 11

What are keratinocytes?

Back 11

Main cells of epidermis and are considered the building blocks of the protein keratin

Front 12

What are corneocytes

Back 12

Flattened dead keratinocytes that make up outer layer of epidermis (stratum corneum)

Front 13

What are melanocytes?

Back 13

Produce pigment melanin to protect against UV radiation and gives skin its color

Front 14

Layers of Epidermis Top to Bottom

Back 14

Come: Stratum Cornerneum

Lets: Stratum Lucidum

Get: Stratum Granulosum

Sun: Stratum Spinosum

Burned: Stratum Basal

Front 15

Stratum basale

Back 15

Deepest epidermal layer, merkel cell (functions as receptor and responsible for stimulating sensory nerves) and melanocyte

Front 16

Stratum Spinosum

Back 16

Desmosome strenghtens bonds between cells

Front 17

Stratum Granulosum

Back 17

Grainy appearance

Front 18

Stratum Lucidum

Back 18

Smooth, translucent thin layer of cells. Found on in thick skin (palms and soles and digits)

Front 19

Stratum Cornerneum

Back 19

Most superficial layer. Layer exposed to outside environment. Helps prevent penetration of microbes and dehydration

Front 20

The Dermis contains

Back 20

Blood and lymph vessels, hair follicles and sweat glands

Front 21

Dermis is made up of

Back 21

Papillary layer and reticular layer

Front 22

Papillary Layer

Back 22

Loose connective tissue, helps fight bacteria, touch receptors, (aerolar and connective tissue)

Front 23

80% of the dermis is made up of

Back 23

Reticular Layer

Front 24

Reticular Layer

Back 24

Network fibers, dense irregular connective tissue

Front 25

Hypodermis

Back 25

act as an insulator and provides cushion. Not strictly part of the skin. Separates skin from deeper structures

Front 26

Where do women store most of their lipids

Back 26

Hypodermis

Front 27

Cleavage lines

Back 27

Guidance for better healing process

Front 28

Pigmentation

Back 28

Melanin, carotene and hemoglobin

Front 29

Eumalanin

Back 29

Black and brown

Front 30

Pheomelanin

Back 30

Red color

Front 31

Hair is primarily made of

Back 31

Dead, keratinized cells

Front 32

Eyebrows

Back 32

Prevents sweat and other particles from eyes

Front 33

Hair

Back 33

Defends body by trapping and excluding dust particles

Front 34

Anagen

Back 34

Cells divide rapidly at the root of the hair

Front 35

Catagen

Back 35

Transition from hair follicle's active growth

Front 36

Telogen

Back 36

Hair follicle is at rest and no new growth

Front 37

Nails are composed of

Back 37

Densely packed dead keratinocytes

Front 38

Sweat glands

Back 38

Sudoriferous produces sweat to cool body

Front 39

Eccrine

Back 39

Produces hypotonic sweat from thermoregulation. Found especially in palms, soles of feet, and forehead

Front 40

Aprocrine

Back 40

Associated with hair follicles such as armpits and genitals

Front 41

Sebaceous glands

Back 41

Oil glands that is found all over body and helps lubricate and waterproof skin and hair

Front 42

Sebum

Back 42

Naturally lubricating dry and dead layers

Front 43

Thermoregulation

Back 43

Helps regulate body temp and when body temp drops, arterioles constrict to minimize heat loss

Front 44

Skin cancer is an

Back 44

Abnormal growth

Front 45

Types of skin cancer

Back 45

Basal cell carcinoma-most common cancer found in head, neck, arms and back

Squamous cell carcinoma-presents as lesions found in scalp, ears, and hands, more agressive than basal cell

Melanoma-uncontrolled growth of melanocytes, most fatal of all skin cancers, appears as brown and black skin patche

Front 46

Skin disorders

Back 46

Eczema-inflammatory condition, allergic reaction

Acne- clogging of pores, rich in sebaceous glands

Front 47

Types of Burns

Back 47

First degree- superficial burns affecting only the epidermis

Second degree-affects epidermis and portion of dermis, swelling and blistering of skin

Third degree-extends into epidermis and dermis, destroys tissues and affects nerve endings, Burns are white, red or black

Fourth degree-most severe, not as painful because nerve endings are damaged

Front 48

Burn percentages

Back 48

Head and neck- 9%

Upper limbs-9% each

Trunk-36%

Genitalia-1%

Lower Limbs-18% each

Front 49

Skin Cancer Evaluation

Back 49

Assymetry

Border

Color

Diameter

Elevation

Front 50

Tissue Healing

Back 50

1. Break in the skin-bleeding

Inflammation(vasodilation)-swelling, redness, pain, loss of function

2. Clotting-Coagulation

3. Fibrin

4. Regeneration of dermal cells