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120 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cardiovascular system1. The layer of simple squamous epithelium that lines the inside of the heart is called myocardium. pericardium. endocardium. epicardium. |
Endocardium |
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Blood transported by the pulmonary veins returns to the left atrium. right atrium. right ventricle. left ventricle |
Left atrium |
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The valve between the left ventricle and the blood vessel leaving the left ventricle is the bicuspid valve. tricuspid valve. pulmonary semilunar valve. aortic semilunar valve. |
Aortic semilunar valve |
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. The bulk of the heart consists of cardiac muscle. smooth muscle. striated muscle. connective tissue |
Cardiac muscle |
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The valve located between the right atrium and the right ventricle is the tricuspid valve. bicuspid valve. mitral valve. semilunar valve. |
Tricuspid valve |
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Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called arteries. veins. capillaries. All of the above. |
Arteries |
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The smallest type of blood vessels are arteries. arterioles. venules. capillaries. |
Capillaries |
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Blood pressure is highest in the arteries. arterioles. veins. capillaries. |
Arteries |
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Which of the following increase(s) blood pressure? increased cardiac rate increased peripheral resistance increased blood volume All of the above. |
All of the above |
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The pulse is a direct reflection of the cardiac output. blood pressure. venous return. heart beat. |
Heart beat |
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Digestive system1. Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the digestive system? liver gallbladder pancreas spleen |
Spleen |
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Salivary amylase secreted into the oral cavity starts the digestion of proteins. starch. lipids. amino acids. |
Starch |
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The pancreatic duct transports secretions from the pancreas to the stomach. duodenum. liver. colon. |
Duodenum |
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All of the following are substances found in pancreatic juice except pepsin. trypsin. amylase. lipase. |
Pepsin |
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Bile is produced in the liver. small intestine. pancreas. stomach. |
Liver |
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The final portion of the small intestine is the ileum. duodenum. jejunum. colon. |
Ileum |
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The first portion of the large intestine is the colon. cecum. anal canal . rectum. |
Cecum |
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The term metabolism refers to anabolic reactions. catabolic reactions. oxidation. All the chemical reactions of the body. |
All the chemical reactions of the body |
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Glucose is stored in the liver as starch. fat. glycogen. ATP. |
Glycogen |
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During digestion, proteins are broken down into molecules of glucose. fatty acids. amino acids. nucleic acids. |
Amino acids |
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The exchange of gases between blood and cells is called pulmonary ventilation. internal respiration. external repiration. cellular respiration. |
Internal respiration |
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Which of the following does NOT belong to the conducting portion of the respiratory system? alveoli bronchioles nose pharynx |
Alveoli |
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The structure which closes off the larynx is the glottis. Adam's apple. epiglottis. vocal cords |
Epiglottis |
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Which of the following describes a correct order of structures in the respiratory passeways? pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchiles, bronchi trachea, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles |
pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles |
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The exchange of gases occurs in the trachea. bronchioles. alveoli. bronchus. |
Alveoli |
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The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhaltation is the tidal volume. residual volume. inspiratory reserve volume. expiratory reserve volume.
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expiratory reserve volume. |
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The volume of air in a normal breath is called total lung capacity. vital capacity. tidal volume. residual volume. |
Tidal volume |
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Gas exchange in the lungs happens by the process of osmosis. diffusion. exocytosis. active transport. |
Diffusion |
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Most oxygen in the blood is transported as gas dissolved in plasma. as oxyhemoglobin. as carboxyhemoglobin. as bicarbonate. |
As oxyhemoglobin |
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The primary chemical stimulus for breathing is the concentration of carbon monoxide in the blood. carbon dioxide in the blood. oxygen in the blood. carbonic acid in the blood. |
carbon dioxide in the blood |
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Thekidneys help regulateblood volume. help controlblood pressure. help control pH. All of theabove are correct. |
All of the above |
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The location of thekidneys in relationship to the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity isreferred to as retroperitoneal .retroabdominal. posterior. dorsal. |
retroperitoneal |
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All of the followingbelong to the urinary system EXCEPT the urethra. ureter. bladder. prostate. |
prostate. |
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Thefunctional unit of the kidney is called a glomerulus nephron. corpuscle. calyx. |
nephron. |
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Mostglucose molecules are reabsorbed in the proximalconvoluted tubules. distalconvoluted tubules. collecting ducts. loop of Henle. |
proximalconvoluted tubules |
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Whichof the following substances can be eliminated from the blood by tubularsecretions? potassium ions hydrogen ions ammonium ions All of the above |
All of the above |
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Thestructure that connects a kidney to the urinary bladder is the ureter. urethra. renal pelvis. collecting duct. |
ureter. |
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.Urine is expelled from the urinary bladder by
excretion. defecation. micturition. filtration. |
micturition. |
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Allthe following are principle solutes of urine EXCEPT urea. creatinine. glycogen. uric acid. |
glycogen. |
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Whichof the following hormones increase reabsorption of water in the collectingducts? renin. ADH. aldosterone. insulin. |
ADH. |
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Agroup of tissues that performs a specific function is a(n) organ system. organism. tissue. organ. |
organ. |
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Theoutermost layer of the skin is the hypodermis. subcutaneous layer. epidermis. dermis. |
epidermis. |
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Allof the following are functions of the skin EXCEPT protection vitamin B synthesis temperatureregulation sensation |
vitamin B synthesis |
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Theprotein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissue is melanin. melatonin. keratin. actin. |
keratin. |
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Thecells producing the pigment responsible for skin color are the keratinocytes. melanocytes. adipocytes. Merkel cells |
melanocytes. |
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Allof the following are accessory organs of the skin EXCEPT hair nails pain receptors sweat glands |
pain receptors |
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Thebundle of smooth muscles associated with hair follicles is called orbicularis muscle. sebaceous bundle. arrector pili. none of the above. |
arrector pili. |
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Perspiration is thesubstance produced by ceruminous glands. sudoriferous glands. sebaceous glands. holocrine glands. |
sudoriferous glands. |
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Aburn that involves the entire epidermis and some of the dermis is a first-degree burn. second-degree burn. third-degree burn. fourth-degree burn. |
second-degree burn |
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Themost common form of skin cancer is basal cellcarcinoma. squamous cellcarcinoma. granular cellcarcinoma. malignant melanoma. |
basal cell carcinoma. |
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All of the following are endocrineglands EXCEPT: adrenal glands sebaceous glands pineal glands pituitary glands |
sebaceous glands |
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Hormonesthat enter target cells and bind to receptors in the nucleus are called steroid hormones. water solublehormones. peptide hormones. second messengers. |
steroid hormones. |
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Thehormones regulating blood calcium levels are insulin andglucagon. glycogenand parathyroid hormone. parathyroidhormone and calcitonin. estrogen andprogesterone. |
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. |
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Allof the following are hormones of the anterior pituitary EXCEPT human growthhormone (GH). follicle-stimulatinghormone (FSH). parathyroidhormone(PTH). thyroid-stimulatinghormone (TSH). |
parathyroid hormone(PTH). |
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Antidiuretichormone and oxytocin are stored and released by the posteriorpituitary gland. anteriorpituitary gland. thyroid gland. adrenal gland. |
thyroid gland. |
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6. Calcitonin is ahormone of the adrenal cortex. thyroid gland. pituitary gland.t hymus gland. |
thyroid gland. |
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7.Mineralcorticoids areproduced in the adrenal cortex. are steroidhormones. helpregulate the homeostasis of sodium and potasium. all of the above |
all of the above |
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Whichof the following hormones are responsible for the "fight-or-flight"response? epinephrineand norepinephrine. insulin andglucagon. esrtogen andprogesterone. thyroxin andmelatonin. |
epinephrine and norepinephrine. |
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9. The gland whichcan be classified as an endocrine and an exocrine gland is the thyroid. thymus. pancreas. pituitary. |
pancreas. |
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10.. Glucagon acceleratesthe conversion of glycogen into glucose. slowsdown glucose formation from lactic acid. decreasesthe conversion of glycogen into glucose. speedsup protein synthesis within cells |
accelerates the conversion of glycogen into glucose. |
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.Which of the following are functions of the blood? transportation regulation protection all of the above |
all of the above |
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2. The blood volumeof an averaged sized male is 3 to 4 liters. 4 to 5 liters. 5 to 6 liters. 6 to 7 liters. |
5 to 6 liters. |
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3. Which of thefollowing belongs to agranular leukocytes? neutrophil basophil platelet monocyte |
monocyte |
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4. Which of thefollowing cells do NOT have a nucleus? erythrocytes granulocytes leukocytes agranulocytes |
erythrocytes |
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5. The pigment in redblood cells that carries oxygen is erythropoietin. melatonin. hemoglobin. urobilinogen. |
hemoglobin |
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6. An increase in thenumber of white blood cells is called anemia. leukopenia. leukocytosis. polycythemia. |
leukocytosis. |
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7. Stoppage ofbleeding is called hemostasis. vascular spasm. thrombosis. coagulation. |
hemostasis. |
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8. Hereditydeficiencies of coagulation is referred to as anemia. hemophilia. hemolysis. leukemia. |
hemophilia. |
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9. A blood clottransported by the blood stream is a(n) platelet plug. thrombus. embolus. thrombin clot. |
embolus |
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10. A person withblood type A has Bantigens on the red blood cells. A antibodiesin the plasma. Aantigens on the red blood cells. Rhantigen on the red blood cells. |
A antigens on the red blood cells |
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.Taste receptors are called taste buds. gustatory receptors. olfactory receptors. taste pores. |
gustatory receptors. |
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2. The muscleresponsible for the change of the shape of the lens is the arrector pilimuscle. orbicularis oculi. ciliary muscle. superior rectusmuscle. |
ciliary muscle |
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3. The layer thatcontains photoreceptors is the iris. retina. sclera. cornea. |
retina. |
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4. The areacontaining the highest concentration of cones is the fovea centralis. optic disc. macula lutea. iris. |
fovea centralis |
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5. The clearjellylike substance behind the lens of the eye is the aqueous humor. cellular body. ciliary body. vitreous humor. |
vitreous humor. |
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6. The bending oflight that happens at the cornea and lens is accommodation. reflection. contraction. refraction. |
refraction |
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7. Which of thefollowing belongs to the middle ear? cochlea ossicles ampullae vestibule |
ossicles |
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8. The receptors forhearing are located in the semicircular canals. cochlea. sacculae. vestibule. |
cochlea. |
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.The senses for dynamic equilibrium are located in the utricle. Organ of Corti. cochlea. semicircular canals |
semicircular canals |
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10. The most commoncause of blindness in the United States is vertigo. cataracts. glaucoma. maculardegeneration. |
glaucoma. |
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1. A sarcomere is a sectionof a myofibril. getsshorter when it contracts. has striations. All ofthe choices are correct. |
All of the choices are correct. |
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2. During muscularcontraction actinand myosin filaments slide past each other. ATP supplies energy. calciumions (Ca++) are involved. all of the above |
all of the above |
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3. At a neuromuscularjunction, anerve impulse causes the release of a neurotransmitter. aneurotransmitter causes calcium to be released into the muscle cell. A & B none of the above |
A & B |
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4. Which is NOT afunction of muscles? cause movement produce heat absorb nutrients maintain posture |
absorb nutrients |
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5. A skeletal musclecell haslight and dark bands (striations). has only onenucleus. is underinvoluntary control. None of theabove are true |
has light and dark bands (striations). |
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6. The origin of thebiceps brachii is theattachment of the muscle that remains relatively fixed during contraction. the scapula. proximal radius. A & B |
A & B |
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7. The stages inmuscle contraction include a nerveimpulse reaching a neuromuscular junction. nerveimpulse stimulating the release of calcium ions. actinfilaments sliding past myosin filaments. all the above aretrue |
all the above are true |
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8. The functionalunit of a muscle fiber is the sarcomere. myofilament. myofibril. neuromuscular junction. |
sarcomere |
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9.Which of the following statements is NOT true about muscle activity. Musclescan only pull, they never push. Allmuscles have at least two attachments: the origin and insertion. Duringcontraction, the muscle origin moves toward the insertion. Allmuscles cross at least one joint |
During contraction, the muscle origin moves toward the insertion. |
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10.Muscle fatigue is due, in part, to the accumulation of lactic acid. citric acid. ATP. ACTH. |
lactic acid. |
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1. The plasma membrane consists of mostly proteins. entirely ofphospholipids. phospholipids,proteins, and carbohydrates carbohydratesand lipids. |
phospholipids,proteins, and carbohydrates |
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2. The cytoplasm isthe term for all cellorganelles combined. microtubulesand microfilaments. thefluid portion of the cell (cytosol). thecytosol plus the cell organelles and inclusions. |
the cytosol plusthe cell organelles and inclusions |
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3. Endocytosis is anexample of excretion. passive transport. active transport. simple diffusion. |
active transport. |
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4. The movement ofwater across a selectively permeable membrane is called osmosis. facilitateddiffusion. active transport. filtration. |
osmosis. |
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.Which of the following is necessary for diffusion to occur? a concentrationgradient .aselectively permeable membrane. a hypertonicsolution. cellular energy. |
a concentration gradient |
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6. A red blood cellplaced in a hypotonic solution loses water. gains water. neithergains nor loses water. shrinks |
gains water. |
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.Chromatin is found in the nucleus. ribosomes. mitochondria. lysosomes. |
nucleus. |
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8.The packaging and sorting of proteins is the function of the endoplasmicreticulum. Golgi apparatus. mitochondria. nucleus |
Golgi apparatus. |
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9. Protein synthesisoccurs at the mitochondria. Golgi apparatus. ribosomes. lysosomes. |
ribosomes. |
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10. Which of thefollowing are considered the "powerhouses" of the cell? lysosomes. ribosomes. nucleolus. mitochondria. |
mitochondria. |
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1. The science dealing with thefunctions of the body parts is called physiology. cytology. anatomy. biology. |
. physiology |
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2. The level oforganization when different tissues join together is called the chemical level. cellular level. tissue level. organ level. |
organ level. |
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3. The condition inwhich the body's internal environment stays within physiological limits is responsiveness. homeostasis. differentiation. growth. |
homeostasis. |
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.All of the following belong to feedback systems which control homeostasisEXCEPT control center receptor effector receiver |
.receiver |
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. In a negativefeedback system, the response of the effector enhancesthe original stimulus. eliminatesthe original stimulus. reversesthe original stimulus. doesnot change the original stimulus. |
reversesthe original stimulus |
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6. In the anatomicalposition the subject is lying down. has armsplaced above the head. isstanding upright facing the observer with the palms backwards. isstanding upright facing the observer with the palms forward. |
is standing uprightfacing the observer with the palms forward |
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7. The plane thatdivides the body into superior and inferior portion is the saggital plane. transverse plane. oblique plane. frontal plane. |
transverseplane |
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8. The anatomicalterm which best describes a structure toward the head is superficial. deep. inferior. superior. |
superior |
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9. The bestanatomical term to describe the back region of the body would be ventral. dorsal. gluteal. deep. |
dorsal |
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10. The brain and thespinal cord are located in the ventral cavity. dorsal cavity. abdominal cavity. thoracic cavity. |
dorsal cavity |
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1. Sperm production begins in the seminiferoustubules. epididymis. vas deferens. ejaculatory duct. |
seminiferous tubules |
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2. The cell producedby fertilization is called gamete. embryo. fetus. zygote. |
zygote |
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3. The production oftestosterone in the interstitial cells is stimulated by inhibin. luteinizinghormone (LH). follicle-stimulatinghormone (FSH). progesterone. |
luteinizinghormone (LH) |
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4. Sperm maturationoccurs in the seminiferoustubules. epididymis. vas deferens. urethra. |
epididymis |
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5. The layer of theuterine wall that is shed during menstruation is the endometrium. myometrium. epimetrium. None of the above. |
.endometrium |
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6. The externalgenitalia of the female are collectively called labia. vulva. clitoris. mons pubis. |
Vulva |
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7.The hormone thatworks with estrogen to prepare the endometrium for implantation of a fertilizedegg is LH. FSH. ADH. progesterone. |
progesterone. |
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8.The average menstrual cycle is 14 days. 18 days. 24 days. 28 days |
28 Days |
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9. The structurebetween the uterus and the vagina is the uterine tube. cervix. vulva. hymen. |
Cervix |
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10. The hormone thatstimulates uterine contractions is oxytocin. estrogen. granular cellcarcinoma. progesterone. |
Oxytocin |
