Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Origin of the external ab' obliques?
|
External surface of the 5th to 12th rib
|
|
|
Nerve supply of the EAO?
|
Inferior six thoracic nerves and subcostal nerve.
|
|
|
The aponeurosis of the EAO ends?
|
in the linea alba
|
|
|
What are the contents of the superficial inguinal ring?
|
Spermatic cord in male
Round ligament in female Ilioinguuinal nerve transits through the ring |
|
|
What are the structures that make the EOM aponeurosis?
|
Pouparts, Gubernats, Coopers, Superficial inguinal ring, external spermatic fascia.
|
|
|
What muscle forms the cremasteric muscle?
|
The internal oblique muscles.
|
|
|
Where does the IOM and transverse abdomen insert?
|
Conjoint tendon/falx inguinalis.
|
|
|
What part of the EOM makes up the inguinal ligament?
|
As the muscle moves medialy they become aponeurotic. At the inferior angle this aponeurosis folds back on itself forming the inguinal ligament.
|
|
|
What are the starting and stopping points of the inguinal ligament?
|
the ASIS and the pubic tubercle.
|
|
|
What is the Lacunar ligament and what makes it?
|
The lacunar ligament is the most medial aspect of the ingunal ligament. The inguinal ligament is reflected back horizontally .
|
|
|
What abdominal muscle makes up the lingunal ligament and the lacunar ligament and the pectineal ligament?
|
The External abdominal obliques.
|
|
|
What is the pectineal ligament(coopers ligament)?
|
It is the most inferior portion of the inguinal ligament
|
|
|
List the parts of the EOM as related to ligaments>
|
Inguinal, lacunar, and pectineal.
|
|
|
What is the superficial inguinal ring?
|
An opening in the EOMs near the medial aspect of the inguinal ligament bordered by the lateral and medial crus.
|
|
|
Where doe the lateral crus insert?
|
The pubic tubercle
|
|
|
Where does the medial crus insert?
|
The pubic symphysis.
|
|
|
What are the contents of the superficial inguinal ring?
|
The spermatic cord in males
the round ligament in females the ilioinguinal nerve. |
|
|
What does the illionguinal nerve supply?
|
the skin over the superomedial aspect of the thigh.
|
|
|
What are the O,I,N,A of the Internal oblique muscle?
|
O=thoracolumbar fascia, anterior 2/3of iliac crest, and lateral half of inguinal lig.
I=Inferior border of rebs 10,11,12 and the linea alba. N=inferior six thoracic nerves. A= compress and support abdominal viscera. |
|
|
What way do the fibers of the IOMs run.
|
Up and medially becoming aponeurotic in the middle.
|
|
|
In Males the spermatic cord passes through the _____ muscle fibers to form the cremasteric muslces.
|
The IOMs
|
|
|
What are the O,I,N,A of the transverse obdominis muscles?
|
O= costal cartilages of 7,8,9,10,11,12.
I=Linea alba onto pubic crest and symphysis. N=Inferior six thoracic nerves A=compress and support viscera |
|
|
What is the conjoint tendon?
|
It is where the internal oblique muscles meet the transverse abdominis muscles to insert at the pubic symphysis.
|
|
|
What direction do the transverse abdominal muscles run?
|
Laterally.
|
|
|
What are the O,I,N,A of the rectus abdominus muscles?
|
O=Pubic symphysis
I=xyphoid process N=Inferior six thoracic nerves. A=flex |
|
|
What direction do the fibers of the rectus abdominis run?
|
Up and down.
|
|
|
What is the rectus sheath?
|
It is the aponeurosis of the External Obliques and the Internal obliques as they insert into the linea alba.
|
|
|
What creates the anterior and posterior margins of the rectus sheath at the upper 2/3?
|
The aponeurosis of the External obliques are the anterior, while the aponeurosis of the internal obliques forms both the anterior (small amount) and the posterior.(all of)
|
|
|
What creates the anterior and posterior margins of the rectus sheath at the lower 1/3?
|
All three muscles (EOM, IOM and TOM,) pass over the rectus abdominos muscle to form the anterior aspect. The posterior aspect is made up of the fascia transversalis.
|
|
|
What is the inferior limit of the posterior wall called?
|
The Arcuate line.
|
|
|
What is derived from the Arcuate Line?
|
The internal spermatic fascia of the spermatic cord.
|
|
|
While doing on opperation, you cut up and down through the abdominal wall. Could you damage any nerves? What about blood vessels? Why?
|
Since the nerves run laterally there is a good chance you could cut one. However the blood vessels run up and down so you would probably miss them.
|
|
|
What makes up the sacral plexus?
|
nerves of T12, and L1-L5
|
|
|
What makes up the Thoracoabdominla nerves?
|
The ventral ramil of the thoracic spinal nerves T7-T11 and the subcostal nerve (T12)and a portion of the iliohypogastric nerve(L1)
|
|
|
Where does the superior epigastric a enter the rectus sheath?
|
At the 7th costal cartilage.
|
|
|
What covers the innermost wall of the abdominla wall?
|
The parietal peritoneum.
|
|
|
What is the largest fold on the posterior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall?
|
The Falciform ligament.
|
|
|
What is the inguinal canal? What is the only form of protection there?
|
It is a weakness in the anterior abdominal wall especially in males. The only support is from muscle.
|
|
|
What are the boundaries of the inguinal canal?
|
Ant=Aponeurosis of EOM
Post=Fascia transveralis Roof= internal and transversus abdominis (intercrural fibers.) Floor=Lacunar ligament. |
|
|
What are the two openings of the inguinal canal?
|
The deep inguinal ring at the fascia transversalis and the superficial inguinal ring at the EOM aponeurosis.
|
|
|
Inguinal hernias are more common in males or females?
|
Males as the testes pass through creating a weaknes.
|
|
|
What is an indirect inguinal hernia?
|
A protrusion that leaves the abdominal wall lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels and goes through the superficial inguinal ring
|
|
|
What is a direct hernia?
|
The protursion exits anteriorly through the wall of the inguinal canal. They are medial to the inferior epigastric vessels, and pass through Hesselbachs triangle.
|
|
|
What kind of inguinal hernia is most common?
|
Indirect hernias make up75%.
|
|
|
What is Hesselbachs(inguinal) triangle?
|
A weak spot located on the abdominal wall.
Inferior bound=inguinal ligament Lateral bound=Inferior epigastric vessel Medial bound=rectus abdominis. |
|
|
Where does the spermatic chord start and end?
|
It begins at the deep inguinal ring and ends in the testes.
|
|
|
What is in the spermatic chord?
|
The Vas Deferens, the testicular artery, the testicular veins, lymphatic vessels, sympathetic nerves, cremasteric artery, the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve.
|
|
|
Is the ilioinguinal nerve in the spermatic cord?
|
No, it is a content of the inguinal canal but not the spermatic cord.
|
|
|
What is the cremasteric reflex?
|
When the inner thigh id taped the cremasteric muscles pull the testes up.
|
