Anatomy

Front 1

the study of structure or form, often done by dissection of cadavers

Back 1

anatomy

Front 2

study of function and is primarily an experimental science

Back 2

physiology

Front 3

involves making numerous observations and drawing generalizations and predictions

Back 3

inductive method

Front 4

begins with the formulation of a hypothesis (an educated speculation or possible answer to a question

Back 4

deductive method

Front 5

information that can be independently verified by any trained person

Back 5

scientific fact

Front 6

generalization supported by much scientific evidence

Back 6

law of nature

Front 7

explanatory statement, or set of statements, derived from facts, laws, and confirmed hypothesis

Back 7

theory

Front 8

refers to change in the genetic composition of a population of organisms over time

Back 8

evolution

Front 9

only surving species

Back 9

homo sapiens

Front 10

collection of properties

Back 10

life

Front 11

bodys ability to maintain relatively constant internal conditions and to return to those conditions if upset

Back 11

homeostasis

Front 12

main way the body returns to stable conditions

Back 12

negative feedback

Front 13

is a self amplying cycle

Back 13

positive feedback

Front 14

stance in which a person stand erect with the feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides, and the palms, face and eyes facing foward

Back 14

anatomical position

Front 15

divides it into left and right portions

Back 15

sagital plane

Front 16

divides the body into equal halves

Back 16

mid sagital

Front 17

divides the body into unequal halves

Back 17

para sagital

Front 18

divides the body into upper and lower portion

Back 18

transverse

Front 19

towards the front or belly

Back 19

ventral

Front 20

towards the back

Back 20

dorsal

Front 21

toward the ventral side

Back 21

anterior

Front 22

toward the dorsal side

Back 22

posterior

Front 23

above

Back 23

superior

Front 24

below

Back 24

inferior

Front 25

toward the medium plane

Back 25

medial

Front 26

away from the medium plane

Back 26

lateral

Front 27

means closer to the point of attachment

Back 27

proximal

Front 28

farther from the point of attachment

Back 28

distal

Front 29

closer to the body surface

Back 29

superficial

Front 30

farther from the body surface

Back 30

deep

Front 31

consist of the head, neck, trunk

Back 31

axial region

Front 32

contains the appendages

Back 32

appendicular

Front 33

has two subdivisions cranial and vertebral

Back 33

dorsal body cavity

Front 34

pleural and pericardial cavity

Back 34

thoracic cavity

Front 35

protection support and movement

Back 35

integumentary, skeletal, muscular systems

Front 36

internal communication and integreation, it is the fast control systems

Back 36

nervous system

Front 37

internal communication and integration, it is the slow control system

Back 37

endocrine systems

Front 38

fluid transport

Back 38

circulatory, lympathic system

Front 39

defense

Back 39

immune systems

Front 40

input and output (exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Back 40

respirtory system

Front 41

input and output (remove waste from blood)

Back 41

urinary

Front 42

input and output (physical and chemical breakdown of food

Back 42

digestive system

Front 43

produce offspring

Back 43

reproductive system

Front 44

all matter is composed of

Back 44

atoms

Front 45

simplest form of an atom is

Back 45

element

Front 46

determines the chemical properties of an atom

Back 46

electrons

Front 47

vary in the number of neutrons

Back 47

isotopes

Front 48

charged particles

Back 48

ion

Front 49

gained an election and has a negative charge

Back 49

anion

Front 50

lost an electron and has a positive charge

Back 50

cation

Front 51

molecules that ionize in water, forming a solution that can conduct electricity

Back 51

electrocytes

Front 52

contain an odd number of electrons and tend to be reactive and destructive to other molecules

Back 52

free radicals

Front 53

one atom goins electrons an the other loses electron

Back 53

ionic bond

Front 54

form between the slightly positive hydrogen of one molecule and the slightly negative oxygen or nitrogen of another molecule

Back 54

hydrogen bond

Front 55

has unique properties

Back 55

water

Front 56

solvency, cohesion, adhesion, thermal stability, chemical reactivity all deal with

Back 56

water

Front 57

occurs when substances are physically blended together, but do not combine chemically

Back 57

mixture

Front 58

mad up of particles (solute) mixed into a more abundant substance (solvent)

Back 58

solution

Front 59

cloudy mixture that remains permanently mixed, change from liquid to gas

Back 59

colliods

Front 60

have larger particles and do not remain mixed
an emulsion is a suspension of one liquid into another

Back 60

suspensions

Front 61

is a molecule that releases a proton (hydrogen ion) in water

Back 61

acid

Front 62

is a proton acceptor, it usually accepts hydrogen ions

Back 62

base

Front 63

is a measure of hydrogen ions

Back 63

pH

Front 64

chemicals that resist changes in pH are

Back 64

buffers

Front 65

energy of motion

Back 65

kinetic

Front 66

stored energy

Back 66

potential

Front 67

energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created nor destroyed

Back 67

first law of thermodynamics

Front 68

every energy transfer, some energy is lost as heat and is no longer able to do work

Back 68

second law of thermodynamics

Front 69

process in which a chemical bond is made or broken

Back 69

chemical reaction

Front 70

larger molecule is broken down into smaller parts

Back 70

decomposition reactions

Front 71

two or more smaller molecules are joined to form a large molecule

Back 71

synthesis reactions

Front 72

two molecules exchange atoms or groups of atoms

Back 72

exchange reacitons

Front 73

can go either direction under certain circumstances and are represented with double headed arrow

Back 73

reversible reactions

Front 74

all chemical reactions in the body necessary to maintain life

Back 74

metabolism

Front 75

consist of energy releasing decompostion reactions

Back 75

catabolism

Front 76

consist of energy storing reactions

Back 76

anabolism

Front 77

4 major categories of organic compounds

Back 77

carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

Front 78

molecule that consist of a long chain of identical or similar sub units

Back 78

polymer

Front 79

monomers joined together to form a polymer through dehydration synthesis is called

Back 79

polymerization

Front 80

polymers are broken into monomers by

Back 80

hydrolysis

Front 81

hydrophillic organic molecules composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen atoms, bodies primary source of energy

Back 81

carbs

Front 82

monosaccardides, disaccarides, polysaccardies are all

Back 82

carbs

Front 83

polysaccharide that serves to store energy for plants

Back 83

starch

Front 84

polysaccaride that humans and animals use to store energy

Back 84

glycogen

Front 85

hydrophobic organic molecules composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, they usually have a high ration of hydrogen to oxygen

Back 85

lipids

Front 86

composed of a chain of 4-24 carbon atoms, with a carboxyl group at one end and a methyl group at the other

Back 86

fatty acids

Front 87

neutral fat made up of 3 fatty acids bound to a molecule of glycerol

Back 87

triglyceride

Front 88

contain 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group

Back 88

phospholipids

Front 89

prostaglandins and steriod are also

Back 89

lipids

Front 90

protein is a polymer of amino acids, amino acid has a carboxyl end, an amino end, and a variable group

Back 90

no answer

Front 91

refers to sequence or order of the amino acids in the protein

Back 91

primary structure

Front 92

is a coiled or folded shape produced by hydrogen bonding

Back 92

secondary structure

Front 93

furthur bending and folding produced by bonding among and between R groups

Back 93

tertirary structure

Front 94

refers to the shape of the protein, protein cannot function properly if the shape of the protein is altered

Back 94

protein conformation

Front 95

are proteins that function as catalysts, they speed up chemical reaction

Back 95

enzymes

Front 96

are not changed or altered in the chemical reaction

Back 96

enzymes

Front 97

has three principal components a single or double carbon nitrogen ring called a nitrogenous base, a sugar (monosaccaride), and one or more phosphate groups

Back 97

nucleotide

Front 98

the universal energy carrying molecule

Back 98

ATP

Front 99

polymers of nucleotides

Back 99

nucleic acids

Front 100

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and RNA are types of

Back 100

nucleic acids

Front 101

contains sugar deoxyribose and is the genetic information of the cell

Back 101

dna

Front 102

contains the sugar ribose and is used to synthesize proteins

Back 102

RNA