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167 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Organization |
Pattern that differs from environment, involves regulation of internal conditions within limits |
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Responsiveness (irritability) |
Responding to changed in environment Adaptation: long term response |
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Growth |
Increase in size/cell number |
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Differentiation |
Specialization of cells to perform particular functions |
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Movement (internal) |
Transport substances in body |
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Movement (internal) |
Transport substances in body |
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Movement (external) |
Move around environment |
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Metabolism |
All chemical processes in the body (building and breaking molecules) |
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Anatomy |
Study of internal and external structures of body and their relationships to each other |
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Anatomy |
Study of internal and external structures of body and their relationships to each other |
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Gross anatomy |
Macroscopic, see by eye |
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Microscopic anatomy |
Cell and molecule level, need microscope |
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Cytology |
Study of cells |
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Histology |
Study of tissues |
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Physiology |
Study of how an organism performs functions (functions) |
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Homeostasis |
Unchanging sameness, the maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment, essential to life |
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Autoregulation |
Activities of a cell/tissue/organ/system adjust automatically in response to environmental change. |
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Autoregulation |
Activities of a cell/tissue/organ/system adjust automatically in response to environmental change. |
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Extrinsic regulation |
Results from activities of nervous or endocrine systems |
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Autoregulation |
Activities of a cell/tissue/organ/system adjust automatically in response to environmental change. |
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Extrinsic regulation |
Results from activities of nervous or endocrine systems |
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Nervous system |
Directs rapid, short term, specific responses |
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Endocrine system |
Works through hormones, slow to act but long lasting effects |
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Endocrine system |
Works through hormones, slow to act but long lasting effects |
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Homeostatic regulation mechanism Receptor |
Sensor that detects stimulus |
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Endocrine system |
Works through hormones, slow to act but long lasting effects |
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Homeostatic regulation mechanism Receptor |
Sensor that detects stimulus |
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Homeostatic regulation mechanism Control/ integration center |
Receives and processes info from receptor |
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Endocrine system |
Works through hormones, slow to act but long lasting effects |
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Homeostatic regulation mechanism Receptor |
Sensor that detects stimulus |
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Homeostatic regulation mechanism Control/ integration center |
Receives and processes info from receptor |
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Homeostatic regulation mechanism Effector |
Cell/organ that responds to direction from control center to oppose or enhance the stimulus |
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Negative feedback |
1.) oscillation around a set point 2.) effector activated by control center opposed stimulus 3.) most common homeostatic regulation |
Body temp Too cold = shiver Too hot = sweat |
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Positive feedback |
1.) effectors respond by exaggerating or enhancing the stimulus 2.) typically used to deal with threat or stress |
Blood clotting |
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Cephalic region |
Head |
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Cephalic region |
Head |
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Cervical region |
Neck |
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Cephalic region |
Head |
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Cervical region |
Neck |
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Thoracic region |
Chest |
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Cephalic region |
Head |
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Cervical region |
Neck |
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Thoracic region |
Chest |
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Brachial region |
Arm |
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Cephalic region |
Head |
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Cervical region |
Neck |
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Thoracic region |
Chest |
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Brachial region |
Arm |
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Antebrachial region |
Forearm |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Manual region |
Hand |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Manual region |
Hand |
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Abdominal region |
Belly |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Manual region |
Hand |
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Abdominal region |
Belly |
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Lumbar region |
Lower back |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Manual region |
Hand |
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Abdominal region |
Belly |
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Lumbar region |
Lower back |
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Gluteal region |
Butt |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Manual region |
Hand |
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Abdominal region |
Belly |
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Lumbar region |
Lower back |
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Gluteal region |
Butt |
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Pelvic region |
Hips |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Manual region |
Hand |
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Abdominal region |
Belly |
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Lumbar region |
Lower back |
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Gluteal region |
Butt |
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Pelvic region |
Hips |
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Pubic region |
Anterior pelvis |
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Carpal region |
Wrist |
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Manual region |
Hand |
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Abdominal region |
Belly |
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Lumbar region |
Lower back |
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Gluteal region |
Butt |
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Pelvic region |
Hips |
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Pubic region |
Anterior pelvis |
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Ingunial region |
Groin |
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Femoral region |
Thigh |
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Femoral region |
Thigh |
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Crural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Calf |
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Tarsal region |
Ankle |
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Pedal region |
Top of foot |
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Sural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Calf |
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Tarsal region |
Ankle |
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Pedal region |
Top of foot |
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Plantar region |
Sole of foot |
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Sural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Calf |
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Tarsal region |
Ankle |
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Pedal region |
Top of foot |
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Plantar region |
Sole of foot |
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Anterior |
Front |
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Sural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Calf |
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Tarsal region |
Ankle |
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Pedal region |
Top of foot |
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Plantar region |
Sole of foot |
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Anterior |
Front |
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Posterior |
Back |
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Sural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Calf |
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Tarsal region |
Ankle |
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Pedal region |
Top of foot |
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Plantar region |
Sole of foot |
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Anterior |
Front |
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Posterior |
Back |
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Ventral |
Belly |
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Dorsal |
Back |
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Sural region |
Front of leg |
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Sural region |
Calf |
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Tarsal region |
Ankle |
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Pedal region |
Top of foot |
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Plantar region |
Sole of foot |
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Anterior |
Front |
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Posterior |
Back |
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Ventral |
Belly |
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Dorsal |
Back |
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Caudal |
Tail |
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Superior |
Above |
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Superior |
Above |
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Inferior |
Below |
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Medial |
Toward the center |
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Medial |
Toward the center |
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Lateral |
Away from center, peripheral |
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Medial |
Toward the center |
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Lateral |
Away from center, peripheral |
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Proximal |
Near the point of attachment |
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Medial |
Toward the center |
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Lateral |
Away from center, peripheral |
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Proximal |
Near the point of attachment |
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Distal |
Away from the point of attachment |
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Medial |
Toward the center |
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Lateral |
Away from center, peripheral |
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Proximal |
Near the point of attachment |
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Distal |
Away from the point of attachment |
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Superficial |
At the surface |
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Medial |
Toward the center |
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Lateral |
Away from center, peripheral |
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Proximal |
Near the point of attachment |
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Distal |
Away from the point of attachment |
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Superficial |
At the surface |
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Deep |
Farther from the surface |
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Body cavities Functions |
1. Protect organs 2. Permits changes in size and shape of organs |
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Body cavities Functions |
1. Protect organs 2. Permits changes in size and shape of organs |
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2 major cavities |
1. Dorsal body cavity 2. Ventral body cavity |
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Dorsal body cavity divided into: |
Cranial cavity - brain Spinal cavity- spinal cord |
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Ventral body cavity |
Thoracic cavity- heart and lungs Abdominal cavity- guts |
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Organs in ventral cavity are called ________________. |
Viscera |
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Surrounded by serous membrane called _____________. |
Serosa |
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Thoracic cavity Right and left pleural cavities contain: |
Lungs |
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Thoracic cavity Right and left pleural cavities contain: |
Lungs |
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Pericardial cavity contains |
Heart |
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Mediastinum Contains: |
Pericardial cavity (heart) Esophagus Trachea Thymus |
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Abdominal cavity |
Pertitoneal: Liver Stomach Spleen Small intestine Most of large intestine Retroprrtitoneal: Kidney Pancreas |
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Pelvic cavity |
Inferior large intestine Bladder Some reproductive organs |
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