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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Basic lab tools |
Electronic analytical balance Lab oven Desiccator Analytical glassware Pipettes |
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2 two types of analytical glassware |
Accurate analytical glassware Inaccurate glassware |
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Types of accurate analytical glassware |
Volumetric flaskBuretPipet Buret Pipet |
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Types of inaccurate glassware |
Graduated cylinder erlenmeyer flask beaker |
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Types of pipettes |
Volumetric transfer pipet Graduated measuring pipet Micropipette |
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The average where is the sum of all the samples divided by the number of samples |
Mean |
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The middle result when data are range in order of size which is arranged in lowest to highest |
Median |
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One reading that is very different from the rest |
Outlier |
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Relates to reproducibility of results |
Precision |
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Deviation from the mean |
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Measurement of agreement between experimental mean and true value |
Accuracy |
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Two measures of accuracy |
Absolute error relative error |
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Formula of absolute error |
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Formula for relative error |
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Types of error in experimental data |
Random (indeterminate) error Systematic determinate error Gross errors |
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Data scattered approximate symmetrically about a mean value . Affects precision |
Random (indeterminate) error |
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Errors that have several possible sources and affects accuracy |
Systematic (determinate) error |
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Errors that are usually obvious and are detectable by carrying out sufficient replicate measurements |
Gross errors |
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Sources of systematic error |
Instrument error method error personal error |
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Errors that need frequent calibration both for apparatus and for electronic devices |
Instrument error |
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Errors that are due to inadequacy and physical or chemical behavior of regions or reactions |
Method error |
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Kinds of systematic errors |
Constant proportional |
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Are errors that are less important for larger values of reading |
Constant systematic errors or constant |
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Error that are equally significant for all values of measurement |
Proportional systematic errors or proportional |
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Three approaches to minimize method errors |
Analysis of certified standards use two or more independent methods analysis of blanks |
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Finite number of observations |
Sample |
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Total or infinite number of observations |
Population |
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Main properties of gaussian curve |
Population mean population standard deviation |
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Is the measure of precision of a relation of data |
Standard deviation |
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Interval around the mean that probably contains the true mean |
Confidence limits |
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The magnitude of the confidence limits |
Confidence interval |
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Fixes the level of probability that the main as within the confidence limits |
Confidence level |
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Percentage of area under goshen curves between certain limits |
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