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644 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
a-
absence of
ab-
away from
acou-
hearing
acro-
extremities
ad-
towards
aero-
air
an-
absence of
ana-
up/excessive
aniso-
unequal
ante-
before
anti-
against
auto-
self
bi-
two
bio-
life
blasto-
basic/immature/embryonic
brady-
slow
circum-
around
co-/con-
together/joined
contra-
against
chromo-/chromato-
colour
cryo-
cold
crypto-
hidden
cyano-
blue
de-
away from/removing
dextra-
to the right
dia-
through
diplo-
double
dorso-
dorsal (back)
dys-
difficult/abnormal/painful
ecto-
external/outside/without
en-/endo-
within/in/into
epi-
upon/above/on
ery-/erythro-
red
eu-
good/well/normal
ex-
out of/away/from
flav-
yellow
gen-
birth/origin
hemi-
half
hetero-
unlike/dissimilar
homo-
same/like
homeo-
like
hyper-
above/high/in excess of normal
hypo-
low/below/under/less than normal
idio-
peculiar to the individual/unknown
inter-
between
intra-
within/inside
iso-
equal
leuco-/leuko-
white
macro-
large
mal-
poor/abnormal
mega-/megalo-
big/enlarged
melano-
black/dark/pigment
meta-
after/beyond
micro-
small
mono-
one/single
multi-
many
neo-
new
oligo-
scanty/deficiency
ortho-
straight
pachy-
thick
pan-
all
para-
alongside
peri-
around
polio-
grey
poly-
many
post-
after
pre-/pro-
before
presbyo-
old age
pseudo-
false
quadri-
four
retro-
backwards
sclero-
hard
semi-
half
steno-
narrow
sub-
below
super-/supra-
above
syn-
with/together/union
tachy-
rapid/fast
tetra-
four
trans-
cross/through
ultra-
beyond
ventro-
front/anterior
xantho-
yellow
abdomino-
abdomen
adeno-
gland (any)
adipo-
fat
albumen-/albumin-
albumin
alveolo-
air sac
amylo-
starch
andro-
man
angio-
vessel
aorto-
aorta
appendico-
appendix
aqua-
water
arterio-
artery
arthro-
joint
athero-
plaque lining blood vessels
atrio-
atrium/upper chamber of heart
auri-
ear
audio-
hearing
balano-
glans penis
bili-
bile
blepharo-
eyelid
brachio-
arm
broncho-
bronchus/tube to lung
bronchiolo-
bronchiole/small air tube to lung
bucco-
cheek
caeco-
caecum (first part of large intestine)
cardio-
heart
carpo-
wrist/hand
cephalo-
head
cerebro-
brain/cerebrum
ceebello-
cerebellum
cervico-
cervix/neck
chiro-
hand
cheilo-
lip
choledocho-
common bile duct
chondro-
cartilage
chromo-
colour
coccygo-
coccyx (tailbone)
colo-/colono-
colon (large intestine)
colpo-
vagina
coro-/coreo-
pupil of eye
corono-
heart
costo-
rib
cranio-
skull containing brain
culdo-
recto-uterine sac (Pouch of Douglas)
cyto-
cell
cysto-
bladder
dacryo-
tear/tear duct
dento-
tooth
derm-/dermato-
skin
duodeno-
duodenum (1st part of small intestine)
embolo-
lung
encephalo-
brain
endocardio-
lining of heart
endometrio-
endometrium (lining of uterus)
entero-
intestine
epiglotto-
epiglottis (flap of cartilage at entrance of larynx)
gastro-
stomach
gingivo-
gums
glosso-
tongue
glycol-
sugar
gyno-/gynaeco-
woman
haemo-/haemato-
blood
hep-/hepato-
liver
hernio-
hernia, rupture, protrusion
histo-
tissue
hydro-
water
hystero-
womb
iatro-
doctor/physician
ileo-
ileum (final section of small intestine)
ilio-
ilium (bone of the pelvis)
immuno-
immunity
irido-
iris
jejuno-
jejunum (middle section of small intestine)
kalo-
potassium
karyo-
nucleus
kerato-
cornea/scaly/horny/hard skin
lacto-
milk
laparo-
abdomen/abdominal wall
laryngo-
larynx (voice box)
leuco-
white
lipo-
fat
lith-
stone
lobo-
lobe
lympho-
lymphatic, lymph/tissue fluid inside vessels
lymphadeno-
lymph gland
lymphangio-
lymph vessel
linguo-
tongue
mammo-/masto-
breast
mandibulo-
lower jaw
mastoido-
mastoid (spongy bone just behind the ear)
maxillo-
upper jaw
meningo-
meninges (membrane covering brain & spinal cord)
menisco-
meniscus (knee cartilage)
meno-
menstruation/monthly period
metro-
womb
myelo-
marrow/spinal cord
myco-/myceto-
fungus
myo-/myos-
muscle
myocardio-
myocardium (heart muscle)
myometrio-
myometrium (muscle of uterus)
myringo-
ear drum
myxo-
mucous membranes
naso-
nose
nato-
birth
natro-
sodium
narco-
deep sleep/stupor
necro-
death
nephro-
kidney
neuro-
nerve
nocto-
night
nucleo-
nucleus
oculo-
eye
odonto-
tooth
oesophago-
oesophagus (gullet)
onco-
tumour
onycho-
nail
oophoro-
ovary
ophthalmo-
eye
opto-
sight/eye
orchio-/orchido-
testis/male gonad/male gland
osteo-
bone
oto-
ear
paedo-
child
pancreato-
pancreas (gland in abdomen with both endocrine and exocrine function)
patho-
disease
pericardio-
outer layer of heart (covering of heart)
phago-
swallow, eat
phako-
lens
phallo-
penis
pharmaco-
drug
pharyngo-
pharynx (throat)
phlebo-
vein
phreno-
diaphragm / mind
pleuro-
lung
pnoe-
breathing
pneumo-/pneumato-
air/gas/lung
procto-
anus/rectum
prostato-
prostate (a male exocrine gland)
pulmono-
lung
pyelo-
pelvis of kidney
pyloro-
part of stomach that connects to duodenum
pyo-
pus
pyro-
fever
recto-
rectum
rhino-
nose
sacro-
sacrum (large, triangular bone at the base of the spine)
sialo-
salivary gland
sigmoido-
sigmoid colon (part of large intestine closest to rectum and anus)
somato-
body
salpingo-
fallopian/uterine tube
sarco-
flesh
spleno-
spleen (abdominal organ that gets rid of old red blood cels & makes antibodies)
spondylo-
vertebra
steato-
fat
sterno-
sternum (breast bone)
stetho-
chest
stoma-/stomato-
mouth
tarso-
foot / eyelid
tendino-/teno-
tendon (band of tissue connecting muscle to bone)
thermo-
heat
thoraco-
thorax (chest)
-a/-ia
condition of
-aemia
blood
-ac
pertaining to
-al
pertaining to
-algia
pain
-ary
pertaining to
-blast
immature cell/embryonic cell
-cele
swelling/protrusion
-centesis
to puncture/tapping
-clasis
destruction of/break
-clast
destroying/breaking
-cide
kill/destroy
-cyte
cell
-desis
binding together/fusion
-dynia
pain
-ectasis
dilatation
-ectomy
surgical removal oc
-emesis
vomiting
-gen
producing/forming
-genesis
forming or origin
-genic
producing or forming
-gram
picture/tracing
-graph
machine that records/tracing
-graphy
procedure of recording/tracing
-gravida
pregnancy
-ia/-iasis
condition of
-iac
pertaining to
-iatric
pertaining to medicine/physician
-ic
pertaining to
-iosis/-ism
condition of
-itis
inflammation of
-lith
stone
-lithiasis
condition/presence of stones
-lysis
destruction/splitting/breaking down
-malacia
softening
-megaly
enlargement of
-meter
measure / instrument to measure
-natal
birth
-necrosis
death of
-metry
process of measuring
-oedema
swelling caused by excess fluid
-oid
likeness/resembling
-ology
study of/science of
-oma
tumour
-opia
condition of the eye
-orrhage
burst forth / bleeding
-orrhagia
condition of heavy bleeding
-orrhaphy
sew/repair
-orrhoea
flow/discharge
-oscopy
examination with a lighted instrument
-osis
condition of
-ostomy
artificial opening into
-otomy
cutting into / dividing / incision
-para / -parous
giving birth
-paresis
weaknes / partial paralysis
-pathy
disease
-penia
lack of / decreased
-pexy
fixation of
-phagia
swallowing
-phasia
speech
-philia
liking / loving / affinity for
-phobia
irrational fear
-phylaxis
protection / prevention
-plasia
formation
-plasty
form / mould / reconstruct
-plegia
paralysis
-pnoea
breathing
-poiesis
producing
-ptosis
drooping / falling
-rrhythmia
rhythm
-sclerosis
hardening
-scope
lighted instrument used to examine
-stasis
cessation of movement/flow
-stenosis
narrowing
-tome
cutting instrument
-tripsy
crushing
-trophy
nourishment / food
-uria
condition of urine
ac
before food
bd
twice daily
od
every day
om
every morning
on
every night
pc
after food
prn
when required / whenever necessary
qds
four times daily
qqh
every four hours
stat
at once / immediately
tds
three times daily
tid
three times daily
caps
capsules
tab
tablet
troch
lozenge
ung
ointment
occ / oc
for the eyes
neb
by nebuliser
im
i/m
IM
intra-muscular
iv
i/v
IV
intravenous
pess / pessary
for the vagina
poc / POC
for the eyes
PR / pr
per rectum (via the rectum)
PV / pv
per vagina (via the vagina)
suppose
suppository / via the rectum
g
grams
mcg (not used in prescriptions)
microgram
mg
milligram
ml
millilitre
ng (not used in prescriptions)
nanogram
L
l
litre
SI
International System (of measurement)
BNF
British National Formulary
BP
British Pharmacopeia
MIMS
Monthly Index of Medical Specialities
NP
proper name / named
OTC
over the counter
SLS
selected list scheme
TTA
to take away
rep
repeat / let it be repeated
Rx
take / recipe / treatment
CD / cd
controlled drug
GSL
General Sales List
P
pharmacy only
POM
prescription only medicine
MODA
Misuse of Drugs Act
COC
combined oral contraceptive pill
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
POP
progesterone only pill
PPI
proton pump inhibitor
SSRI
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
A&E
Accident and Emergency
A&W
alive and well
ADD
attention deficit disorder
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
ADHD
attention deficit hyperactive disorder
Aet / aet
aged
AF
atrial fibrillation
AFP
alpha-fetoprotein
AID
artificial insemination donor
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
AIH
artifical insemination husband
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
AMD
age-related macular degeneration
AN
antenatal / anorexia nervosa
ANS
autonomic nervous system
AP
artificial pneumothorax
AP&L
anterior, posterior and lateral
APH
antepartum haemorrhage
ARC
AIDS-related complex
ASD
atrial septum defect
BaE
barium enema
BaM
barium meal
BBA
born before arrival
BCG
Bacillus Camille Guerin (tuberculosis vaccine)
BI
bone injury
BID
brought in dead
BMI
body mass index
BMR
basal metabolic rate (thyroid function)
BP
blood pressure
BS
breath sounds / blood sugar
BSE
bovine spongiform encephalopathy
BSO
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
Bx
biopsy
C&S
culture and sensitivity
Ca
carcinoma / calcium
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
CAD
coronary artery disease
CAPD
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
CAT/CT
computerised (axial) tomography
CCF
congestive cardiac failure
ccu
coronary care unit
CDH
congenital dislocation of the hip
CHD
coronary heart disease / congenital heart disease
CHF
congestive heart failure
CIN I-IV
cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (number according to spread)
CJD
Creutzfeld-Jacob disease
CNS
central nervous system
CO / c/o
carbon monoxide / complains of
CO2
carbon dioxide
COLD
chronic obstructive lung disease
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
CSU
catheter specimen of urine
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
CVP
central venous pressure
CVS
cardiovascular system / chorionic villus sampling
Cx
cervix
D&C
dilatation and curettage
D&V
diarrhoea & vomiting
DOB / dob
date of birth
DNA
did not attend / deoxyribonucleic acid
DOA
dead on arrival
DTP
diphtheria tetanus pertussis (vaccine)
DU
duodenal ulcer
DUB
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
ECG
electrocardiogram
ECT
electroconvulsive therapy
EDC / EDD
expected date of confinement/delivery
EEG
electroencephalogram
EMU
early morning urine (specimen)
ENT
ear, nose and throat (department)
EOF
end organ failure
ERCP
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
ERPC
evacuation of retained products of conception
ESR
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
ETT
exercise tolerance test
EUA
examination under anaesthetic
FAST
face, arms, speech, time (test for stroke)
FB
foreign body
FBC
full blood count
FBS
fasting blood sugar
Fe
iron
FH
family history / fetal heart
FHH
fetal heart heard
FHNH
fetal heart not heard
FMRI / fMRI
functional magnetic resonance imaging
g/dl
grams per decilitre
g/l
grams per litre
GA
general anaesthetic
G&A
gas and air
GFR
gromerular filtration rate
GI
gastro-intestinal / glycaemic index / genito-urinary
GORD
gastro-
GTT
glucose tolerance test
HAI
hospital acquired infection
H2O
water
Hb
haemoblobin
HDL
high-density lipoprotein
HDU
high dependency unit
Hg
mercury
HI / hi
hypodermic injection
HIB
Haemophilus influenzae bacillus (vaccine)
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
HNPU / NPU
has not passed urine
HPU / PU
has passed urine
HS
heart sounds
HSV
herpes simplex virus
HVS
high vaginal swab
H or Hx
history
IBS
irritable bowel syndrome
ICU
intensive care unit
IDDM
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
IHD
ischaemic heart disease
INR
international normalised ratio
IP
inpatient
IPV
inactivated polio virus vaccine
ISQ
in status quo (no change)
ITU
intensive care therapy
IUC
idiopathic ulcerative colitis
IUCD
intrauterine contraceptive evice
IUD
intrauterine death / intrauterine device
IVF
in vitro fertilisation
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
IVU
intravenous urogram
JVP
jugular venous pressure
K
potassium
KUB
kidney ureter bladder
L
left / litre
LA
local anaesthetic / left atrium
LBC
liquid based cytology
LDL
low density lipoprotein
LFT
liver function tests
LIF/RIF
left iliac fossa / right iliac fossa
LIH/RIH
left inguinal hernia / right inguinal hernia
LLQ
left lower quadrant
LMP
last menstrual period
LP
lumbar puncture
LRTI
lower respiratory tract infection
LSCS
lower segment caesarean section
LUQ
left upper quadrant
LV/RV
left ventricle / right ventricle
LVF
left ventricular failure
MC&S
microscopy culture and sensitivity
MI
myocardial infarction
MMR
measles mumps and rubella vaccine
MND
motor neurone disease
MOF
multiple organ failure
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
MRSA
multiple/methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
MS
multiple sclerosis / mitral stenosis
MSU / MSSU
midstream specimen of urine
Na
sodium
NAD
no abnormality detetcted
NAI
non-accidental injury
NBI
no bone injury
NG
new growth / nasogastric
NICE
National Institute for Health & Clinical Excellence / National Institute for Clinical Excellence
NIDDM
non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
NOAD
no other abnormality detected
NP
nasopharynx (also see pharmaceutical abbreviations)
N&V
nausea and vomiting
O2
oxygen
OA
osteoarthritis / on arrival
OCD
obsessive compulsive disorder
OE
on examination
OGD
oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy
OP
outpatient
OPD
outpatient department
ORD
oesophageal reflux disease/disorder
O&S
organism & sensitivity
PAP
Papanicolaou smear (cervical smear test)
PCB
post-coital bleeding
PCO
patient complains of
PCOS
polycystic ovarian syndrome
PCV
packed cell volume
PE
pulmonary embolism
PEFR
peak expiratory flow rate
PET
pre-eclamptic toxaemia of pregnancy / positron emission tomography
PH/PMH
past history / past medical history
PID
pelvic inflammatory disease / prolapsed intervertebral disc
pH
acid/alkaline balance
PMS
premenstrual syndrome
PND
postnasal drip / paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea
POP
plaster of paris / progesterone only pill
PP
placenta praevia / private patient
PPH
postpartum haemorrhage
PR/pr
per rectum (rectal examination)
PSA
prostatic-specific antigen
PTSD
post-traumatic stress disorder
PU
peptic ulcer
PUO
pyrexia of unknown origin
PV/pv
per vagina
PVS
persistent vegetative state
RA
right atrium / rheumatoid arthritis
RBC
red blood cell/corpuscle/count
RDS
respiratory distress syndrome
REM
rapid eye movements
RGP/RP
retrograde pyelogram
RLQ
right lower quadrant
RSI
repetitive strain injury
RTA/RTC
road traffic accident / collision
RUQ
right upper quadrant
RVS
respiratory virus syndrome
SMR
submucous resection
SA/Sa
sarcoma
SAD
seasonal affective disorder
SADS
sudden adult death syndrome
SAH
subarachnoid haemorrhage
SARS
sudden adult respiratory syndrome
SB
still birth
SCAN
suspected child abuse or neglect
SI
sexual intercourse / international system of units
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome
SOB/SOBOE
shortness of breath / shortness of breath on exertion
STD/STI
sexually transmitted disease/infection
T's & A's
tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
TAH
total abdominal hysterectomy
TATT
tired all the time
TB
tuberculosis
TCA
to come again
TCI
to come in
TENS
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (for pain relief)
TFT
thyroid function tests
THR
total hip replacement
TIA
transient ischaemic attac
TKR
total knee replacement
TLC
tender loving care
TOP
termination of pregnancy
TPR
temperature pulse and respiration
TUP
tubal uterine pregnancy
TUR/TURP
transurethral resection of prostate gland
TVH
total vaginal hysterectomy
UC
ulcerative colitis
U&E
urea and electrolytes
URI
upper respiratory infection
US/USS
ultrasound / scan
UTI
urinary tract infection
VF
ventricular fibrillation / visual fields
VSD
ventricular septum defect
WBC
white blood count/cells
WRULD
work related upper limb disorder
URTI
upper respiratory tract infection
BA
Bachelor of Arts
BC or BCh or BChir
Bachelor of Surgery
BDS
Bachelor of Dental Surgery
BM
Bachelor of Medicine
BS
Bachelor of Surgery
BSc
Bachelor of Science
ChB or CChir
Bachelor of Surgery
CM or ChM
Master of Surgery
DA
Diploma in Anaesthetics
DCh or DS
Doctor of Surgery
DDS
Doctor of Dental Surgery
DM
Doctor of Medicine
FRCS
Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons
FRCGP
Fellow of the Royal College of General Practitioners
FRCOG
Fellow of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
FRCP
Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
FRCPsych
Fellow of the Royal College of Psychiatrists
LRCP
Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians
MB
Bachelor of Medicine
MD
Doctor of Medicine
MCh or MChir
Master of Surgery
MCPS
Member of the College of Physicians and Surgeons
MRCGP
Member of the Royal College of General Practitioners
MRCS
Member of the Royal College of Surgeons
PhD
Doctor of Philosophy