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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 physiologic effects/methods massage can be divided into & who devised these. |
Mechanical & reflexive
Mennell |
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What are the 5 basic physiologic effects of massage? |
nervous system neuroendocrine system circulation connective tissue energy systems
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In what ways do chronic problems affect the connective tissue?
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it becomes fibrotic and involves areas surrounding the dysfunctional area.
it either thickens or thins, or it dries out or becomes waterlogged. |
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What 3 words describe the sympathetic ANS function? |
fight or flight
energy using part of ANS (not sure of answer) |
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What one word describes the parasympathetic function? |
relaxation (not sure of answer) |
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What 3 words describe the parasympathetic function? |
restorative normalizing relaxation (not sure of answer) |
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What is the importance of state-dependent memory to the massage therapist? |
it can be useful in allowing client to resolve a past experience that was irresolvable when it occurred. |
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How does massage promote the body’s ability to maintain self-regulation and structural and functional balance? |
? |
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efficacy |
the ability to produce an effect |
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What structure largely controls the A.N.S. and plays an important role in the mind/body connection? |
hypothalamus
it's also a part of the limbic system |
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Name the 3 steps of the G.A.S. |
1 alarm reaction 2 resistance reaction 3 exhaustion reaction |
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alarm reaction = |
fight or flight |
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resistance reaction = |
allows body to keep fighting a stressor long after the effects of the alarm reaction have dissipated. |
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exhaustion reaction = |
occurs if the stress response continues without releif |
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G.A.S. |
General Adaptation Syndrome
Named by Selye |
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The body/mind link is best understood where? (which system & subsystem) |
ANS (autonomic nervous system) |
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How does massage interact with the powerful mind/body phenomenon?
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altered state of consciousness is achieved during massage sessions maintained for at least 15 minutes. |
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Resonance |
therapist & client are in sync |
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Resonance on a cellular level |
Body rhythms are affected by biologic oscillators.
The body rhythms of the therapist affect that of the client and vice versa. |
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??What type of massage methods help dissipate sympathetic stress hormones (sympathoadrenal response), allowing the system to reestablish homeostasis? |
? |
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Which part of the nervous system does massage initially stimulate? |
sympathetic arousal |
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What stimulates the G.T.O.? |
tension |
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What is the muscle reaction to stimulus of the G.T.O.? |
it relaxes |
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What are reflexes? |
involuntary response to stimulus |
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?? Why are reflexes important to the understanding of why massage works? |
? |
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What are the main 2 types of reflexes? |
somatic - skeletal muscles autonomic nervous - smooth muscles (cardiac) |
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The stretch, tendon, flexor/withdrawal and crossed extensor are all what type of reflex? |
somatic |
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What is the most common massage technique used to stimulate the tendon reflex? |
postisometric relaxation: increases tension at the tendon. Reciprocal innervation = when one muscle contracts, it's opposing muscle group inhibits. |
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Which somatic reflex takes priority over all other reflex activity occurring at the same time? |
pg 179? |
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Two divisions of the peripheral nervous system |
autonomic (involuntary) somatic (voluntary) |
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neurotransmitters |
chemical in the synapse of the nerve |
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Define the body/mind interaction. |
Psychologic factors contribute to the onset or aggravation of physical disorders and physical diseases can affect a person's thinking or mood.
Mind and body interact in powerful ways that affect a person's health.
Emotional stress can cause or alter the course of even major physical diseases |
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Flexor reflex/withdrawal reflex |
Type of somatic reflex.
Quickly withdraw from dangerous stimulus. |
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body's normal reflexive response to injury |
splint or guard area |
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Describe the stretch reflex |
Feedback mechanism to control muscle length by causing contraction.
Muscle spindles sense stretching and activate it. |
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Describe the tendon reflex |
feedback mechanism to control muscle tension by causing muscle relaxation |
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Describe the flexor/withdrawal reflex |
movement away from stimulus (hot stove) polysynaptic reflex arc |
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Describe the crossed extensor reflex |
involved in staying balanced (ie. while tripping) gait reflexes polysynaptic reflex arc |
