American Music Exam #4

Front 1

The first of the latin rhythms to affect american pop; Argentinean dance introduced in 1911 and made popular by a musical in 1913

Back 1

Tango

Front 2

described as a vertical expression of a horizontal desire

Back 2

tango

Front 3

style of jazz fusing latin rhythms and bebop with increased intensity and excitement using double-timing

Back 3

Cu-bop

Front 4

man who introduced cubop to a concert at Carnegie hall in 1947

Back 4

Dizzy Gillespie

Front 5

The national dance of Brazil; an Afro-Brazilian dance which arrived in NY around 1949.

Back 5

Samba

Front 6

woman responsible for making the Samba famous

Back 6

Carmen Miranda

Front 7

1970's mexican folk music frequently heard in SW USA; involves trumpets, violins, guitar, bass making up the ensemble

Back 7

Mariachis

Front 8

Where does the name mariachis come from?

Back 8

because the music was played at weddings so often, it is thought that the name comes from a corruption of the french word for marriage

Front 9

genre previously known as race records and applied to anything targeted towards blacks

Back 9

Rhythm & Blues

Front 10

industry trade journal who abandoned the offensive term race records and grouped all popular black music under the term R&B

Back 10

Billboard

Front 11

the two best known R&B singers

Back 11

Joe Turner & Willie Mae Thornton

Front 12

Disc jockey in Cleveland, Ohio who realized that teens preferred R&B to pop; generally promoted R&B recordings and live performers.

Back 12

Alan Freed

Front 13

combined white western swing with elements with elements of R&B and gave birth to Rock and Roll

Back 13

Bill Haley and His Comets

Front 14

First international rock and roll hit

Back 14

"Rock around the Clock"

Front 15

country rock style performed early by Elvis Presley; preferred more by blacks than whites

Back 15

Rockabilly

Front 16

Cover recording by Elvis Presley (originally recorded by Big Mama Thornton) in 1956 that reached the top of most music charts

Back 16

"Hound Dog"

Front 17

country boy who transitioned to rock and roll; entirely self taught and his voice ranged from wild and raucous to warm and tender

Back 17

Elvis Presley

Front 18

Among the most talented early black stars of rock and roll; fused R&B and country western; influenced the Beatles and Rolling Stones; famous for his duckwalk while playing the guitar on stage

Back 18

Chuck Berry

Front 19

investigations that revealed that disc jockeys were routinely accepting money and gifts for playing certain records; tarnished Dick Clark and Alan Freed by conviction of Commercial Bribery

Back 19

Payola Investigations

Front 20

company formed to earn a higher share of wealth after whites profited from cover recordings by marketing black rock and roll aggressively

Back 20

Motown

Front 21

formed the motown company

Back 21

Berry Gordy Jr.

Front 22

gave motown its name; was to Rock and Roll what Nashville was to country

Back 22

Detroit

Front 23

black rock and roll which was lighter, smoother, and less sexy than blacker rock and roll

Back 23

Motown

Front 24

Name 3 major motown groups

Back 24

Temptations
Miracles
Supremes

Front 25

describe Motown sound

Back 25

drew on R&B and gospel and also pop conventions of Tin Pan Alley designed to appeal to white audiences

Front 26

What was Gordy's role in Motown?

Back 26

to tone down the music and give high appeal to white audiences but left little individual development of his stars

Front 27

What was the result of motown?

Back 27

it was more popular with whites than blacks by the mid 60's

Front 28

Where did the Beatles' name come from?

Back 28

a punning reference to Buddy Holly's Crickets; played "Beat" music

Front 29

where in England did the beatles originate?

Back 29

Liverpool

Front 30

style created in contrast to the white sound motown and established to create black culture

Back 30

Soul

Front 31

known as "Lady Soul" and "Queen of soul"; began singing in church and transferred her style to R&B songs.

Back 31

Aretha Franklin

Front 32

"Father of soul"; blind and received music training in his teens. pianist and singer, played the saxophone, and became proficient in studio recordings

Back 32

Ray Charles

Front 33

"Godfather of Soul"; aka "Mr. Dynamite"; pointed soul in a new direction with "Papa's got a brand new bag" leading to funk. financed himself when his record company failed to back him

Back 33

James Brown

Front 34

style of rock that began in SF in 1965 as an attempt to replace the experience of LSD; designed to be felt as well as heard

Back 34

Psychedelic Rock

Front 35

what were the main characteristics of psychedelic rock?

Back 35

loud volume, heavy distortion, lyrics about drugs, meant to be played in stadiums and large arenas with special effects and long setlists

Front 36

folk-like music in a polished, suave manner designed to appeal to fans of pop music; involved new words to trad tunes or new songs in a folk or country style.

Back 36

urban folk

Front 37

what was typically the goal of a folk song?

Back 37

social messages (some used it to spread a communist message)

Front 38

blend of serious new mood, light rock and tuneful melodies with protest lyrics; used more as performances than entertainment.

Back 38

Folk Rock

Front 39

evolved from a simple hillbilly singer to a singer of sophisticated protest songs; was a hobo riding the highways of america. wrote this land is your land

considered America's greatest folk poet

Back 39

Woodie Guthrie

Front 40

Bob Dylan's real name

Back 40

Robert Zimmerman

Front 41

who was Bob Dylan's idol?

Back 41

Woody Guthrie

Front 42

the favorite figure of the folk revival

Back 42

Bob Dylan

Front 43

What did Bob Dylan inspire the folk revivalists to do?

Back 43

to write their own material rather than making new arrangements of trad tunes

Front 44

what genre did Bob Dylan finally transition to?

Back 44

electric rock

Front 45

form of jazz that came from jazz musicians seeking new approaches to improvisation

Back 45

Free Jazz

Front 46

improvisation of several or all members of a jazz ensemble

Back 46

Collective Improvisation

Front 47

intro'd free collective improvisation in an album entitled 'Free Jazz' which defied the view of jazz as generally accessible to the ordinary listener

Back 47

Ornette Coleman

Front 48

what did free jazz represent to blacks?

Back 48

the freedom being demanded in every day life

Front 49

melds rock rhythms and the use of electronic instruments with collective improvisation, extreme ranges of volume, and rapid shifts in meter tempo and mood

Back 49

Fusion

Front 50

where did fusion begin?

Back 50

in Great Britain 1963 with the recording of "******* Brew"

Front 51

evolved from the raw raucous garage band music of the 1960's and the NY avant-garde scene; lyrics expressed anger and disillusionment with the social and cultural conditions of their day

Back 51

Punk

Front 52

The first punk band

Back 52

New York Dolls in 1971

Front 53

music originating in Jamaica after receiving independence from Great Britain; fused rock and african music as well as rastafarianism

Back 53

Reggae

Front 54

Leading Reggae performer

Back 54

Bob Marley

Front 55

what spawned Rap?

Back 55

hopeless urban conditions