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28 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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joint-stock company |
a business venture founded and run by business people who share the company’s profits - they ruled over the colonies (example: Jamestown) |
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hidalgo |
young men of nobility who were seeking adventure in America |
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indentured servant |
poor people from Europe who wanted to come to the Americas, but couldn't afford it, so they agreed to work for someone for a few years to be able to come to the colonies |
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Great Awakening |
it was the sudden movement that followed the Enlightenment Age where everyone had a desire to read the Bible and be a part of a religion. At this time, many preachers became popular with their emotional sermons that were typically filled with law. |
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Stamp Act |
Tax on printed items, such as legal documents, newspapers, books, etc.
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Boston Massacre |
Colonists throw snowballs at British Red Coats, one nervously shot back, causing a riot, and 5 Colonists died, Crispus Attucks was one of them. |
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Sugar Act |
Reduced tax on molasses, but it was strictly enforced, so the colonists ended up paying more taxes |
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Coercive Acts (aka Intolerable Acts) |
forced Massachusetts to pay for the tea/the tax of the tea that was dumped in the Harbor during the Boston Tea Party. |
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Articles of Confederation |
Plan of government before the constitution |
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Whiskey Rebellion |
Hamilton excised a tax on whiskey. Western Pennsylvania farmers distilled their corn into whiskey so it was cheaper to ship and the new tax cut into their profits and reminded them of Britain’s taxes. The Federalists were angry since there was violence, and claimed that there were tons of people that they could arrest, but when Henry Lee (gov. of Virginia) went to western Pennsylvania, there were only 22 guys to arrest. Solved when Pinckney’s Treaty was signed and let them ship their corn down the Mississippi River. |
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Shays’ Rebellion |
an uprising by Massachusetts farmers because they were in debt and the state gov’t wasn’t helping them by forgiving debt or printing more money |
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legislative, judicial, and executive branches |
legislative makes laws, executive enforces laws, judicial checks to see if laws are constitutional |
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unicameral |
unicameral |
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bicameral |
two houses
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Virginia Plan |
3 Branches Strong Central government Bicameral legislation - BOTH houses had representation based on population Represented proportionally Wanted a President for the executive branch President has one seven year term Power to veto state laws Proposed and drafted by James Madison Presented by Edmund Randolph
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New Jersey Plan |
Liked by smaller states 3 branches Loose government Unicameral - All states have equal representation Executive committee serves one four year term Congress could collect taxes Wanted an executive committee instead of a President States would remain free with the exception of the small power given to the national gov’t Similar to articles of confederation Proposed and drafted by William Paterson |
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Connecticut Compromise/Great compromise |
House representation was based on state population, senate had equal representation for each state, slaves = ⅗ of a person
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excise |
adding an extra tax on goods made in the US, Alexander Hamilton excised a tax on whiskey which caused the Whiskey Rebellion |
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tariff |
a tax on imported goods, Federalists kept raising tariffs and making new tariffs (one of their many negatives). Alexander Hamilton tries to improve economy by excise taxes and tariffs |
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Alien Acts |
ensured that French and Irish immigrants could not vote (French and Irish would vote for Democratic Republicans since they opposed the British), longer naturalization period (Naturalization Act), if people seemed dangerous we can kick them out or put you in jail (Alien Act and Alien Enemies Act) |
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Sedition Act |
limit what could be stated in a newspaper, if you publish anything “false or scandalous”, then you can be fined or put in jail
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judicial review |
the Supreme Court has the power to declare that the acts of the legislative or executive branch are unconstitutional |
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Missouri Compromise |
A compromise by Henry Clay that allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state and Maine to enter the Union as a free state. The Compromise also drew a line at 36o 30’ N. New states north of this line were free states, new states south of it were a slave states. The Compromise also encouraged people in the north to return runaway slaves to their homes. |
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capitalism |
Manufacturing is controlled by individuals with costs determined by the market.
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entrepreneur |
someone who takes business risks for profit |
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commodity |
Something bought or sold
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household economy |
economy within the house |
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American system |
government takes a role in the economy and is in charge of all internal improvements |
