Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Compromise of 1850
|
a series of bills that wanted to resolve the territorial and slavery controversies arising from the Mexican-American War (1846-1848). There were 5 laws which balanced the interests of the slave states of the South of Missouri and the free states to the north.
|
|
|
Popular Sovereignty
|
a pre-Civil War doctrine asserting the right of the people living in a newly organized territory to decide by vote of their territorial legislature whether or not slavery would be permitted there
|
|
|
Underground Railroad
|
an underground tunnel that helped slaves in the south escape to the north
|
|
|
Harriet Tubman
|
a conductor of the Underground Railroad.
|
|
|
Uncle Tom's Cabin
|
an anti-slavery novel written by Harriet Breecher Stowe
|
|
|
Election of 1860
|
the 19th quadrennial presidential election. The election was held on Tuesday
|
|
|
Advantages of the North
|
-Had almost 4 times as many free citizens
|
|
|
Advantages of the South
|
-Defending their homeland gave them a strong reason to fight
|
|
|
Disadvantages of the North
|
-Northern soldiers had to conquer a huge area to bring the South back into the Union
|
|
|
Disadvantages of the South
|
-Had few factories to produce weapons
|
|
|
-The South had a small population
|
about 9 million lived in the Confederacy and 22 million in the Union
|
|
|
Anaconda Plan
|
the name widely applied to an outline strategy for subduing the seceding states in the American Civil War.
|
|
|
Emancipation Proclamation
|
an order issued to all segments of the Executive branch (including the Army and Navy) of the United States by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1
|
|
|
Gettysburg Address
|
a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln
|
|
|
Thirteenth Amendment
|
the United States Constitution outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude
|
|
|
Fourteenth Amendment
|
the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9
|
|
|
Fifteenth Amendment
|
the United States Constitution prohibits each government in the United States from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizen's "race
|
|
|
Black Codes
|
laws in the United States after the Civil War with the effect of limiting the civil rights and civil liberties of blacks.
|
|
|
Impact of Buffalo on Native Americans
|
Everything!
|
|
|
Conflicts between Native Americans and white settlers
|
1.Broken treaties
|
|
|
6. Failure of the natives to recognize the Catholic Church
|
or Rulers in Europe as divine
|
|
|
Dawes Act
|
adopted by Congress in 1887
|
|
|
Assimilation
|
To separate from a country
|
|
|
Homestead Act
|
several United States federal laws that gave an applicant ownership of land
|
|
|
"Cross of Gold" Speech
|
delivered by William Jennings Bryan
|
|
|
Inventions and inventors of the Industrial Revolution
|
-The Cotton Gin:
|
|
|
Invented by Elias Howe in 1845. Major improvement was that he put a groove in the needle running away from the point
|
starting from the eye. Popular design that when going to Europe
|
|
|
Effects of the Railroads
|
If farmers wanted to ship their crops to market
|
|
|
Treatment of Industrial Workers
|
clearly not..they had unfair work..low pay..high wages..lots of hours each day and the conditions that existed in the factories were unsafe and dangerous.
|
|
|
Social Darwinism
|
Theory that persons
|
|
|
Vertical Integration
|
When a company expands its business into areas that are at different points on the same production path
|
|
|
Horizontal Integration
|
The acquisition of additional business activities that are at the same level of the value chain in similar or different industries.
|
|
|
Laissez faire
|
a doctrine opposing governmental interference in economic affairs beyond the minimum necessary for the maintenance of peace and property rights
|
|
|
Rise of unions
|
Unions opposed an increase in the number of people willing to work for low wages and who are unlikely to join unions.
|
|
|
Strikes of the industrial revolution
|
the Homestead strike or the Ludlow Massacre
|
|
|
Old immigrants
|
started coming to the "New World" or North America from 1820-1860 from northern or western Europe [German
|
|
|
New Immigrants
|
started coming to North America from 1880-1924 from southern or eastern Europe [Italians
|
|
|
Push Factors
|
reasons people would leave a place to go somewhere else/ offers a better life somewhere else.
|
|
|
Pull Factors
|
a positive factor exerted by the locality towards which people move.
|
|
|
Ellis Island
|
in Upper New York Bay
|
|
|
Angel Island
|
in San Francisco Bay that offers expansive views of the San Francisco skyline
|
|
|
Nativism
|
the political position of demanding a favored status for certain established inhabitants of a nation as compared to claims of newcomers or immigrants.
|
|
|
Chinese Exclusion Act
|
passed by Congress and signed by President Chester A. Arthur. This act provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese labor immigration. For the first time
|
|
|
Problems in urban areas
|
Dirty streets
|
|
|
Goals of political machines
|
it used both
|
|
|
Services provided by political machines
|
he machine provided immigrants with social services and jobs in return for their vote
|
|
|
Booker T Washington
|
an African-American educator
|
|
|
W.E.B. Du Bois
|
an American sociologist
|
|
|
Plessy v Ferguson
|
a landmark United States Supreme Court decision in the jurisprudence of the United States
|
|
|
Jim Crow Laws
|
state and local laws in the United States enacted between 1876 and 1965. They mandated de jure racial segregation in all public facilities in Southern states of the former Confederacy
|
|
|
Poll Tax
|
used as a de facto or implicit pre-condition of the exercise of the ability to vote. This tax emerged in some states of the United States in the late 19th century as part of the Jim Crow laws.
|
|
|
Grandfather clause
|
a situation in which an old rule continues to apply to some existing situations
|
|
|
Goals of the Progressive Movement
|
1. Protecting Social Welfare.
|
|
|
Role of women in the Progressive Movement
|
There were more women going on to higher educated during this period
|
|
|
Initiative
|
a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote.
|
|
|
Recall
|
a procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office through a direct vote before his or her term has ended.
|
|
|
Referendum
|
a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal
|
|
|
Seventeenth Amendment
|
the United States Constitution established direct election of United States Senators by popular vote .
|
|
|
Strategy for Women Suffrage
|
--They wrote books--such as "The Great Lawsuit; Man vs. Woman" by Margaret Fuller
|
|
|
Meat Inspection Act
|
a United States Congress Act that works to prevent adulterated or misbranded meat and meat products from being sold as food and to ensure that meat and meat products are slaughtered and processed under sanitary conditions.
|
|
|
Pure Food and Drug Act
|
The purpose was to protect the public against adulteration of food and from products identified as healthful without scientific support.
|
|
|
Sixteenth Amendment
|
to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census results.
|
|
|
Causes of Imperialism
|
1. Political (nationalism
|
|
|
2. Economical (to use other country's resources
|
recieve cheap labor
|
|
|
5. Exploratory (people wanted to explore new lands for mapping
|
etc.)
|
|
|
Yellow Journalism
|
is a type of journalism that presents little or no legitimate well-researched news and instead uses eye-catching headlines to sell more newspapers.
|
|
|
Roosevelt Corollary
|
to the Monroe Doctrine that was articulated by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union Address in 1904.
|
|
|
Arguments against imperialism
|
-to annex colonies would violate the "consent of the governed" philosophy in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution.
|
|
|
Arguments for imperialism
|
-played possible trade profits.
|
|
|
"Splendid Little War"
|
Ambassador John Hay
|
|
|
Open Door Policy
|
a concept in foreign affairs
|
|
|
Treaty of Paris
|
signed on September 3
|
|
|
Panama Canal
|
a 48-mile (77.1 km) ship canal in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea) to the Pacific Ocean.
|
|
|
Spanish American War
|
a conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States
|
|
|
Role of Florida in Spanish American War
|
In 1898 national attention focused on Florida as the Spanish-American War began. The port city of Tampa served as the primary staging area for U.S. troops bound for the war in Cuba. The arrival of over 30
|
|
|
Causes of WWI
|
began in central Europe in late July 1914
|
|
|
U.S. policy at beginning of WWI
|
Isolationism
|
|
|
Lusitania
|
a British ocean liner
|
|
|
Zimmerman Note
|
a 1917 diplomatic proposal from the German Empire to Mexico to make war against the United States.
|
|
|
Unrestricted submarine warfare
|
a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchantmen without warning
|
|
|
Weapons used during WWI
|
Rifle
|
|
|
Treatment of minorities during WWI
|
although African Americans were earning higher positions in the Army
|
|
|
Great Migration
|
the movement of 6 million African Americans out of the rural Southern United States to the Northeast
|
|
|
Trench Warfare
|
a form of occupied fighting lines consisting largely of trenches
|
|
|
Selective Service Act
|
Selective Draft Act
|
|
|
Committee on Public Information
|
also known as the CPI or the Creel Committee
|
|
|
Espionage Act
|
is a United States federal law passed on June 15
|
|
|
Sedition Act
|
was an Act of the United States Congress that extended the Espionage Act of 1917 to cover a broader range of offenses
|
|
|
War Industries Board
|
a United States government agency established on July 28
|
|
|
Food Administration
|
the responsible agency for the administration of the Allies' food reserves during the United States' participation in World War I
|
|
|
Treaty of Versailles
|
one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919
|
|
|
Fourteen Points
|
a statement of principles contained in a speech given by United States President Woodrow Wilson to a joint session of Congress on January 8
|
|
|
Nativism
|
the political position of demanding a favored status for certain established inhabitants of a nation as compared to claims of newcomers or immigrants.
|
|
|
Isolationism
|
the policy or doctrine of isolating one's country from the affairs of other nations by declining to enter into alliances
|
|
|
Red Scare
|
denotes the promotion of fear of a potential rise of communism or radical leftism
|
|
|
Palmer Raids
|
attempts by the United States Department of Justice to arrest and deport radical leftists
|
|
|
Sacco and Vanzetti
|
were suspected anarchists who were convicted of murdering two men during a 1920 armed robbery of a shoe factory in South Braintree
|
|
|
Impact of the automobile
|
changed the US's landscape because there was more roads being constructed
|
