American History

Front 1

an international peacekeeping organization to which most nations in the world belong, founded in 1945 to promote world peace, security, and economic development

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united nations

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countries dominated by the Soviet Union

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satellite nation

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the blocking of another nations attempts to spread its influence- especially the efforts of the US to block the spread of Soviet influence during the late 1940'2

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containment

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a phrase used by Churchill in 1946 to describe an imaginary line that separated Communist countries in Soviet block Eastern Europe from countries in Western Europe

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iron curtain

Front 5

a conflict between US and Soviet Union in which neither nation directly confronted the other on the battle field

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Cold War

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a US policy, announced by President Truman in 1947, of providing economic and military aid to free nations threated by internal or external opponents

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Truman Doctrine

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the program, proposed by Sec. of State, Marshall in 1947, under which the US supplied economic aid to the European nations to help them rebuild after WW2

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Marshall Plan

Front 8

a 327-day opperation in which US and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviets blockaded the city in 1948

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Berlin Airlift

Front 9

a defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by 10 western European countries, the US, and Canada

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Front 10

the leader of nationalist gov't who ruled in southern and eastern China, who relied on US for aid, struggled with inflation and a failing economy, suffered from weak leadership and poor morale

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Chiang Kai-shek

Front 11

the leader of the communist ruled in northern China, relied on aid from Soviet Union, attacked peasents with promises of land reform, had motivated leadership

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Mao Zedong

Front 12

a island where Chiang and the remnants of his demoralized gov't fled

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Taiwan

Front 13

thirty eight north latitude, where japanese north of it surrendered to Soviets, and japanese south of it surrendered to Americans

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38th parallel

Front 14

a conflict between north and south Korea, lasting from 1950 to 1953, in which the US, along with other UN countries, fought on the side of the south Koreans and China fought on the side of north Koreans

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Korean War

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a congressional committee with the investigated Communist influence inside and outside the US gov't in the years following WW2

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House Un-American Activities Committee

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ten witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUAC's investigation of communist in Hollywood

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Hollywood Ten

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a list of people whom they condemned for having a communist background

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blacklist

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accused by Chambers of spying for the soviet union

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Alger Hiss

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implicated in the Fuchs case, minor activist in the American communist party

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Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

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a senator and republican from Wisconsin; was the most famous anti- communist activist

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Joseph McCarthy

Front 21

the attacks, often unsubstantiated, by senator McCarthy and others on people suspected of being communist in early 1950's

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McCarthyism

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the hydrogen bomb, a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than the atomic bomb

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H-bomb

Front 23

was president by the time both countries had the H-bomb

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Dwight D. Eisenhower

Front 24

Eisenhowers Sec. of State and was an anti- communist

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John Foster Dulles

Front 25

the practise of threatening an enemy with massive millitary retaliation for any aggression

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brickmanship

Front 26

a US agency created to gather secret info. about foreign gov't

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Central Intelligence Agency

Front 27

a military alliance formed in 1955 by the soviet union and its eastern europen satellites

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Warsaw Pact

Front 28

a US commitment to defend the middle east against attack by any communist country, announced by president Eisenhower in 1957

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Eisenhower Doctrine

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the attacks, often unsubstantiated, by senator McCarthy and others on people suspected of being communist in early 1950's

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McCarthyism

Front 30

a man who gained power and believed that communism would take over the world

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Nikita Khrushcev

Front 31

the hydrogen bomb, a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than the atomic bomb

Back 31

H-bomb

Front 32

a U-2 pilot

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Francis Gary Powers

Front 33

was president by the time both countries had the H-bomb

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Dwight D. Eisenhower

Front 34

Eisenhowers Sec. of State and was an anti- communist

Back 34

John Foster Dulles

Front 35

the practise of threatening an enemy with massive millitary retaliation for any aggression

Back 35

brickmanship

Front 36

a US agency created to gather secret info. about foreign gov't

Back 36

Central Intelligence Agency

Front 37

a military alliance formed in 1955 by the soviet union and its eastern europen satellites

Back 37

Warsaw Pact

Front 38

a US commitment to defend the middle east against attack by any communist country, announced by president Eisenhower in 1957

Back 38

Eisenhower Doctrine

Front 39

a man who gained power and believed that communism would take over the world

Back 39

Nikita Khrushcev

Front 40

a U-2 pilot

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Francis Gary Powers

Front 41

a downing of a US spy plane and capture of its pilot by the Soviet Union in 1960

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U-2 incedent