Alterations Of Renal Function 2

Front 1

Diuretics

Back 1

drugs that increase urine volume
-- some exert their effects by blocking the re-absorption of sodium in the renal tubules
-- others exert osmotic effects that prevent prevent water re-absorption in the water-permeable parts of the nephron

Front 2

Loop Diuretics

Back 2

--exert their effect in the thick ascending loop of henle
-- the most effective diuretic agents available
-- accounts for 20% of filtered sodium reabsorption
-- reduces the reabsorption sodium chloride and potassium and increase calcium and magnesium elimination

Front 3

Thiazide Diuretics

Back 3

--act by preventing the reabsorption of sodium cholirde in the early distal convoluted tubule
-- produce increased losses of potassium in the urine and increase uric acid retention
-- accounts for 10% of filtered sodium reabsorption

Front 4

Potassium sparing diuretics

Back 4

-- reduces sodium reabsorption and decease potassium in the late distal tubule and collecting tubule site
-- may cause severe hyperkalemia
-- provide only mild diuresis because they inhibit such a small percentage of sodium reabsorption
-- accounts for 2%-5% of filtered sodium reabsorption

Front 5

Osmotic diuretics

Back 5

--act in the proximal tubule and ascending loop of henle
--cause water to be retained in the urine filtrate and promote water diuresis
--accounts for 65% of filtered sodium reabsorption

Front 6

Menatol

Back 6

used mainly to reduce increased increnial pressure