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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
a material that can be moulded only the first time it is heated. It cannot be softened or remoulded when reheated but it will decompose in extreme heat
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Thermosetting
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an adverse effect of a chemical on a living organism with the severity of -------- produced being directly proportional to the exposure concentration and time
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Toxicity
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a molecule that contains only hydrogen and carbon; it has at least one double covalent carbon-carbon bond so it has less than the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms
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Unsaturated hydrocarbon
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small molecules that can join together to form polymers. They contain double or triple carbon bonds and can be saturated by adding hydrogen
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Unsaturated monomers
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the mass of product that is expected from a chemical reaction based on the mass of reactants used
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Expected yield
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the mass of product obtained expressed as a percentage of the calculated theoretical yield
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Percentage yield
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the mass of product, calculated from an equation’s relative atomic masses
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Theoretical yield
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a material that will soften when heated and can be moulded into shape. The process of heating and remoulding can be repeated many times
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Thermoplastic
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the formation of a compound from its constituent elements
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Synthesis
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development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
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Sustainable development
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a molecule that contains only hydrogen and carbon; it has no double covalent carbon-carbon bond so has the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms
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Saturated hydrocarbon
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An organic compound with more than one double covalent carbon-carbon bond
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Polyunsaturated
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a long-chain molecule made up of a large number of monomers that have combined together during polymerisation
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Polymer
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an organic compound that only contains one double covalent carbon-carbon bond
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Monounsaturated
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a small molecule which chemically bonds to other monomers to produce a polymer
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Monomer
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to add hydrogen to an unsaturated compound
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Hydrogenate
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shows the relative numbers of the different kinds of atoms in a compound
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Formula
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a covalent bond that involves the sharing of two pairs of electrons Empirical the simplest ratio of atoms in a chemical formula
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Double bond
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a process used to break down long- chain hydrocarbons generally alkanes, into more useful short-chain hydrocarbons, using high temperatures and a catalyst
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Cracking
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a bond that involves the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons. The atoms combining give the electrons. It generally occurs between non-metal elements
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Covalent bond
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an unsaturated hydrocarbon; a molecule that has a spine of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms held together by single covalent bonds and at least one double covalent carbon-carbon bond
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Alkene
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Water given off as a by-product of a reaction
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Condensation
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a saturated hydrocarbon; a molecule with a spine of carbon atoms completely surrounded by hydrogen atoms and held together by single covalent bonds
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Alkane
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when the same molecules are added together to produce a larger molecule; nothing in the original molecule is left out
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Addition
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