Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Urinary System
|
Kidney -produces urine
Ureter - transports urine to the bladder Urinary bladder - Temporarily stores urine Urethra - Conducts urine to exterior |
|
|
Kidney
|
Capsule
Renal Cortex a. Renal columns Renal medulla a. pyramids Renal sinus |
|
|
Kidney
Capsule |
Fibrous covering outside the kidney
|
|
|
Kidney
Cortex |
Outer layer of kidney
Contains the renal columns which extend between the renal pyramids of the medulla |
|
|
Kidney
Medulla |
Inner layer of the kidney
Consists of renal pyramids apex of each pyramid is the renal papilla that empties urine into a small cuplike space called the minor calyx |
|
|
Kidney
Calyxes |
Minor calyx - at base of renal papilla of pyramid
Major calyx - several minor calyxes empty into a common space called a major calyx |
|
|
Flow of Urine
|
Nephron
Papillary duct (papilla of pyramid) Minor calyx Major calyx Renal pelvis Ureter Urinary bladder Urethra |
|
|
Kidney
Renal Pelvis |
Formed from several major calyces merging together
|
|
|
Kidney
Renal Sinus |
Cavity by the hilus (where vessels and ureter enter and leave kidney)
|
|
|
Nephron
|
Basic functional unit of the kidney
Produces a filtrate Compiosed of 2 regions a. renal corpuscle b. renal tubule |
|
|
Nephron
Renal Corpuscle |
Bowman's capsule
Glomerulus Bowman's capsule is a double walled capsule glomerulus is inside bowman's capsule and is a network of capillaries |
|
|
Nepron
Renal Tubules |
Proximal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle a. descending limb b. ascending limb Distal convoluted tubule Connecting tubule Connecting duct - several nephrons empty into the same collecting duct Several collecting ducts merge to form the papillary duct that then gioes to the minor calyx |
|
|
Nephron
Two Types |
Cortical - 85% of nephrons
the glomerulus and most of the tubules are in the cortex Juxtamedullary - 15% of nephrons Glomerulus is at the junction of the cortex and medulla and the renal tubule extends deep into the medulla before turning back toward the cortex |
|
|
Kidney
Blood Flow |
Renal artery (off the abdominal aorta) enters the hilus and divides into 5 segmental arteries; these branch into interlobar arteries (pass through the renal columns); these divide into arcuate arteries (cross the top or base of the pyramids); enter the renal cortex as interlobular arteries; these branch into afferent arterioles (form the start of the glomerulus); glomerular capillaries(glomerulus); efferent arteriole (exits the glomerulus); forms the bed of peritubular capillaries (around the tubular portion of the cortical nephron, but only around proximal and distal convoluted tubules in the juxtamedullary nephron; in juxtamedullary nephron, the loop of Henle is surrounded by the vasa recta instead
|
|
|
Kidney
Blood Flow |
Peritubular capillaries and Vasa recta are involved in the reabsorption of materials from the filtrate back into the blood
Both capillary networks drain into interlobular veins, then arcuate veins, then interlobar veins, and join the renal vein which goes into the inferior vena cava No segmental veins |
|
|
Urinary Bladder
|
Ureters enter the bladder on the posterior surfaceat the top two corners of the trigone of the bladder
Trigone - a smooth triangular area of the bladder floor |
|
|
Urinary Bladder
|
Stores urine temporarily
Urethra - a single duct that drains urine from the bladder out of the body |
|
|
Urethra
|
Drains urine out of the bladder
Internal sphincter and external sphincter Internal sphincter - smooth muscle; involuntary control External sphincter - skeletal muscle; voluntary control |
|
|
Detrusor Muscle
|
in the bladder wall
As the bladder fills with urine and expands, stretch receptors signal neurons to relax the internal sphincter and contract the detrusor muscle this reflex causes the external sphincter to close when it is convenient, the external sphincter is relaxed and urination occurs |
