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251 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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When and where did agriculture begin? |
12,000 years ago In south west Asia |
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Name 3 advantages of agriculture? |
More reliant food supply Specialization of skilled workers Developement of civilization Less time needed to feed people |
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What and where were the first crop species domesticated? |
SW asia: wheat, pea, olive China: Rice, Millet America: Corn, beans, potato |
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Name the 4 first domesticated livestock types? |
Dog, sheep, cattle, goat |
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What are 4 main changes in animals during domestication? |
Changes of proportions of organs Changed reproduction cycles Imcrease in favorable traits for humans i.e.milk yield Changed behavior |
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Name 3 production functions of agricultute. |
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Name 3 service functions of agriculture. |
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Define domestication. |
Reorganization of wild animals and plants into domestic and cultivated forms according to the interests of the people by isolation of the wild forms and later targeted breeding. |
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What are 3 challenges faced by agriculture in developed regions? |
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What are 3 challenges faced by agriculture in less developed regions? |
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What are 3 global challenges facing agriculture today? |
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Define soil. |
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What are the five things soil is made of? What percentages? |
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Name 6 functions of soil. |
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Name the 3 types of soil parent material. |
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Name the 5 factors that contribute to soil formation. |
Time, parent material, climate, organisms and topography |
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What are 3 examples of physical/mechanical weathering? |
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What are 3 examples of chemical weathering? |
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What are 3 ways organisms can form soil? |
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What are the 3 soil organisms and what do they do? |
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What is "O horizon"? |
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What is "A horizon"? |
Top soil- dark in color |
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What is "B horizon" |
Subsoil, under topsoil, mineral rich, clay, less air supply |
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What is "C horizon"? |
2nd deepest level (R horizon or parent rock/bedrock is deepest) |
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What are the 5 characteristics used to describe soil? |
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What are the 6 types of soil? What characteristics do they have? |
Sand, clay, silt, peat, loam, chalk |
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What is SOM? |
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From largest particle size to smallest, list clay, sand and silt. |
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What is the optimum ph for most plants? |
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What 4 functions does SOM do? |
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What are 3 methods of applying fertilizer? |
Banding Foliar Fertigation Side dressing Broadcasting Injection |
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What is a 10-10-10 mix? |
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Name the 3 INORGANIC fertilizer types? |
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What is a cover crop and 3 benefits? |
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What are 3 challenges related to using animal manure? |
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Name 3 disadvantages when using Inorganic ferilizers. |
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What are 3 advantages to using INORGANIC fertilizers? |
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What are 3 disadvantages to using organic ferilizers? |
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What are 3 advantages to using Organic fertilizers? |
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What are inorganic fertilizers? |
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What are organic fertilizers? |
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Why do we use fertilizers? |
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Name the 8 micronutrients provided by the soil and needed by plants? |
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Iron man couldn't zing boring moles named Claud. |
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Name the 6 macronutrients provided by the soil that plants need? |
Plus carbon and oxygen... |
No man called phil sells potatoes. |
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What is a decrease in soil ph that is harmful to plants called? |
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What is the form of soil degradation called that is related to improper irrigation? |
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What is nutrient depletion, how is it caused, and what occurs after? |
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What causes soil compaction and what 2 negative impacts does it have? |
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What is soil degredation? Name 5 factors that contribute to it |
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What are the three levels of tillage? |
Conventional intensive tillage (most intense) Conservation tillage No-till system (least intense) |
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Where does water transport take place and what is it driven by? |
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Name the missing terms^ |
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What is transpiration and why is it important? |
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What is respiration and what is it used for? |
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What is the chemical expression of respiration? |
C6H12+6O2------6CO2 + 6H2O+ energy |
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What are the main differences between C3 and C4 plants? |
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Fill in the missing words. |
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Which plants are C3 and C4 plants? What environments do they live in? What do they create? |
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If you have low light levels you can help increase plant yields by having higher levels of what? |
CO2 levels |
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What is the chemical formula of photosynthesis? |
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Fill in the missing terms. |
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What is photosynthesis? Where does photosynthesis take place? |
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What are the 3 main processes of plant physiology? |
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What are the 3 different plant life cycles. How do they differ? |
Perennial plants return year after year. |
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Which plant life cycle resumes in spring from tubers, rhizomes or branches? |
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What is the meaning of growth and developement in plants? |
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What is nitrification and who does it? |
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What is ammonification and who does it? What cycle is this a part of? |
Part of the nitrogen cycle |
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What are the 4 main processes involved in the nitrogen cycle? |
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Fill in the missing terms. |
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What percentage of the atmosphere is nitrogen? |
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Name 3 reasons why you would till your land. |
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Who is the most awesome student in the world? |
This chick right here! |
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What is our secret nickname for Kehlenbeck? |
Plant granny |
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Name 3 different types of leaf venation. |
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Identify 4 types of blade patterns. |
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Name 5 different leaf shapes. |
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Fill in the terms. |
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Fill in the terms |
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What four functions do leaves perform? |
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What 3 functions does the stem perform? |
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What 2 functions do root systems perform? How do they differ in monocots and dicots? |
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What are the 5 parts of a plant? |
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What are the two types of leaf formations? |
Simple and compound |
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Name the missing terms |
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What are a few ways to identify a plant? |
Stem, leaf arrangement, leaf venation, flower petal and stamen count, leaf: compound or simple, and fruit |
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4 characteristics of scientific names: |
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What is Binominal Nomenclature, who developed it, and when? |
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Describe 5 characteristics that define a dicot plant. |
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Describe 5 characteristics that define a monocot plant. |
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Name the 7 taxonomic ranks in order. |
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Kings deal cards on fresh green salad |
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What function does ethylene perform in plants? |
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What function do auxins play in plants? |
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What is vernalisation? |
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What is a Leaf Area index and why is it important? |
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What is a good way to make the most of sunlight in terms of LAI? |
Multi-layered systems |
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What are spores? |
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What are fungi? |
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In what ways can you manage a viral plant infection? |
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What are these and what are they doing? |
Spreading viruses to plants |
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What are 3 symptoms of plant virus infection? |
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What is a virus? |
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What are some steps to take to manage a bacterial plant infection? |
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Name 3 symptoms of a bacterial infection? |
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Fill in the terms |
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What are bacteria? |
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What are 4 ways to manage weeds? |
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What are 4 problems caused by weeds? |
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Identify this plant |
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Identify this plant |
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Name 5 organisms that cause biotic stress? |
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Name 3 causes of abiotic stress |
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What are the two categories of stress that plants experience? |
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What is plant stress? |
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Describe vegetables |
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Describe fruits |
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Describe oils and fats |
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Describe roots and tubers |
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Describe sugars |
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Describe cereals |
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What is fruit? What function does it serve and what are the 3 parts of the pericarp? |
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What 3 functions does a flower have? |
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What is a "day neutral" plant? |
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What is a short day plant? |
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What is a long day plant? |
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What 5 effects does light have on plants? |
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Name 4 factors that effect plants |
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In what four ways can plants conserve or save water? |
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How long does it take for 1 centimeter of topsoil to form? |
500 years |
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What is this? |
Your mama. |
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Where is meat made? |
The United Steaks of America |
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Why is wallowing important for pigs? |
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Name some disadvantages to a bedded system in animal housing? |
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When are pigs slaughtered? How much do they weigh? |
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What are 3 challenges for newly weaned pigs? |
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How many piglets can a mother pigs support? |
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What percentage of piglet losses occur in the first 3 days? |
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What are the 3 stages or areas for pigs to live in while they grow? |
Farrow, nursery, and grow-finish |
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What is a barrow? |
A castrated male pig |
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What is a gilt? |
A female pig who has not yet farrowed a litter of piglets. |
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What is gestation? |
the process or period of developing inside the womb between conception and birth. |
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What is a litter? |
a number of young animals born to an animal at one time. |
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What is nursing? |
Feed a newborn milk from a mammary gland. |
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What is farrowing? |
The act of giving birth to a litter/farrow of pigs is farrowing. |
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What is weaning? |
accustom (an infant or other young mammal) to food other than its mother's milk. |
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What is a carcass? |
the dead body of an animal |
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What is colostrum and why is it important? |
It is the first milk after farrowing. The calf must rely on colostrum from its mother until its own immune system is developed at 1 to 2 months of age. Colostrum contains antibodies or immunoglobulins (essential proteins) necessary to provide the calf with protection from disease. This immunity that the calf receives is known as passive immunity. |
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Familiarize with different terms for pigs. |
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Why are pigs important? |
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Name 3 things necessary when housing a pig? |
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Name the 5 freedoms as proposed by EU animal welfare legislation. |
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Name 3 things the EU has banned from animal farms. |
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Describe Rigor mortis. |
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What is ATP and what does it do? |
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How are skeletal muscles attached to your body? |
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What is meat? |
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What is the difference between digestion and absorption? |
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Liver |
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What is produced by the exocrine pancreas? |
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How many liters a day of saliva do cattle produce? |
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What purpose does saliva have? |
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What is ergotism and what is it caused by? |
: a toxic condition produced by eating grain, grain products (such as rye bread), or grasses infected with ergot fungus or by chronic excessive use of an ergot drug |
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What organism/mechanisms help break down food inside the rumen? |
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What is a rumen? |
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What are ruminants? |
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What are monogastric animals? |
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What are the 3 types of digestive systems? |
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What are the 5 main elements that make up a diet? |
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Name the 8 main parts of a digestive system? |
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What are the 5 functions of the digestive system? |
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What is the difference between anatomy and physiology? |
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How much has world food production increased in the last 20 years? |
18% |
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What are the 4 main animal groups consumed for meat? |
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What is the daily recommemdation for fat intake? |
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What are 3 types of fatty acids? |
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Name the 4 most important oil crops in order. |
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How many different amino acids make up protein? |
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Where is most plant protein found? |
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Name the four most important root crops. |
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What is starch? |
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What is sucrose? |
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What is a carbohydrate? |
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Name the 4 most important cereal crops in order. |
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What are ways to reduce salt distress? |
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Name 3 ways to identify an abiotic plant disease. |
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Name 5 things that can cause mechanical injury in plants. |
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Name 4 ways salt effects plant harvests. |
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Why do herbicides damage crops? |
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What happens when soil is too acid or alkaline? |
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What are some dangers of too high/low temperatures? |
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What are abiotic stress factors? |
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Identify this insect |
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Iddntify this little guy |
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What are the differences between insects and spiders? |
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Identify |
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What order is this insect? |
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Which order of insects do grasshoppers belong to? |
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What are 3 types of metamorphosis? |
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What are two types of damage done by insects? |
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What are insects? |
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What are nematodes? |
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How are fungal diseases managed? |
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How do fungi survive and spread? |
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What are signs of fungal infection? |
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How much SOM does good soil have? |
Over 3% |
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