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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 Levels of Dietary Asessment |
-Individual Level -Household Level - Nationwide level |
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2 Purposes of Dietary Assessment |
-to identify individuals or population groups who may be at risk of becoming malnourished (which is more than a lack of nutrition) |
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3 Most Frequent Dietary Assessment Methods |
-24 hour dietary recalls -food frequency questionnaires -food records
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24-Hour Dietary Recalls |
-Gold Standard: USDA Automated Multiple Pass method advantages: low respondent burden, doesn't affect eating behavior, quantified intake disadvantages: intake often underreported, expensive because everyone talks to trained dieticians on the phone so it takes up to 45 min of professional time per person |
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USDA Automated Multiple Pass Method |
-Gold standard of 24hr dietary recalls FIVE STAGES 1) Quick list 2) Forgotten Foods 3) Time & Occasion 4) Detail Pass (probes for questions like portion size and preparation methods) 5) Final Review with 1/1 contact on the phone |
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ASA24 Automated Self-Administered Recall |
free web-based tool, uses modified versions of USDAs multiple-pass method -prompt on computer screen PROCESS 1) Meal-Based Quick List 2) Meal Gap Review 3) Details 4) Forgotten foods 5) Final Review 6) Last Chance 7) Usual Intake 8) Supplement Module |
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Food Frequency Questionnares |
-asks respondents to report usual frequency of consumption of each food from list of foods (w portion size estimates) -nutrient intake estimates derived by summing products of reported frequency of each food by amount of nutrient specified in that food ADVANTAGES -usual intake & info on overall diet obtained, low investigator cost, doesn't affect eating behavior DISADVANTAGES -not quantifiably precise -difficult cognitive task for respondent -intake often misreported |
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FOOD RECORDS |
-respondent records all foods and beverages and amounts of each consumed over one or more days (3-4 days max) - amounts consumed can be measured or not (which is a disadvantage bc its not quantifiable) -some let you take pictures of foods and it uploads them as food photographs ADVANTAGES -intake quantified, could enhance self-monitoring of food intake, doesn't require recall of foods eaten DISADVANTAGES -high burden & strenuous the longer it has to be done, and doesn't require recall of foods eaten -
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Best Dietary Assessment for Different Types of Studies |
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WHAT TO DO WITH DATA ONCE YOU'VE COLLECTED IT? |
ANALYZE--> PRESENT (using standard comparisons like DRI & comparison 2 national average)--> INTERPRET (interpretation of data depends on assessment method and nutrients being studied,) and study type, and accuracy of subject responses (data validity) |
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IMPORTANT FACTOR OF COMPUTER-BASED ANALYSIS OF DIETARY DATA |
1) Update database 2) Number & types of foods available 3)Ability to add foods and nutrients 4) Ease of data entry and analysis 5) Nutrients available 6) Handling of missing nutrient values
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CHILDREN HABITUAL FV INTAKE IN RELATION TO THE RECOMMENDATIONS (For fruits and veggies) |
-fruits: 2.7 +- 0.4 SD (41% met RDA) -Veggies: 3.4 +- 0.5 SD (39% met RDA) |
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HEI (Healthy Eating Index) Designed to reflect a healthy diet
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-Healthy Eating Index - measures total fruit, whole fruit, total veggie, dark green veggies, orange veggies, legumes, whole grains, milk, meats/ beans, saturated fats, oils, sodium |
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EAR (Estimated Average Requirement) |
EAR: Estimated Average Requirement--> average daily nutrient intake level estimated to meet the requirement of half of the healthy individuals in a particular life stage and gender group |
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RDA (Recommended Dietary Allowance) |
the average daily nutrient intake level required to meet the nutrient requirement of 98% of healthy individuals |
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Adequate Intake |
Recommended average daily intake observed or experimentally determined of apparently healthy groups of people that are assumed to be accurate--> used when an RDA can't be established |
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Externally Independent Measures of Data Intake |
- double-labeled water (total energy intake) - equations for estimated energy requirement (IOM) -Fatty acid patterns (fatty acid intake) -serum carotenoids & Vitamin C (fruit and veggie intake) -Urinary nitrogen (protein intake) |
