Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Listening
|
type of communication engaged in the most
|
|
5 Stages of Listening
|
Recieving, Understanding, Remembering, Evaluating, Responding
|
|
Recieving
|
recieve info, selective listening, register tinformation
|
|
Understanding
|
relate new info to already known things; the person speaking; ask for clarification/more details
|
|
Remembering
|
Subjective, memory inceares as # of exposures do, you forget 50% of info right afterwards
|
|
Evaluating
|
judging message and speakers intentions
|
|
Responding
|
Verbal and non-verbal feedback given
|
|
Active listening
|
making an effort to listen to speaker in various circumstances (when sad, upset, etc)
|
|
Steps of active listening
|
Paraphrase, Express understanding, ask questions
|
|
Paraphrase
|
speaker reiterates meaning, in their own words, their interpretation
|
|
Express Understanding
|
echo speakers feelings
|
|
Ask Questions
|
ensure own understanding and secure additional info.
|
|
Communication Styles
|
Nonassertiveness, Indirect Comm, Assertiveness, Passive Aggressive, Aggressiveness
|
|
Nonassertiveness
|
lack of assertiveness, fail to assert their rights, sometimes ask if they can do what is rightfully theirs, you win I lose philosophy, more concerned about others will being than their own
|
|
Indirect Communication
|
Convey message in an indirect, roundabout way, involves more initiative than nonassertiveness, very unclear, good if othe rparty is hostile,not very effective, MOST COMMON WAY WE MAKE REQUESTS
|
|
Assertiveness
|
act in our own best interest without infiringing on the rights of others, creates an enviornment where both parties can get what they need, i win you win philosophy, allows others to be assertive, assertive people are open; nonanxious usually and willing to stand and argue, not easily intimidated or persuaded
|
|
Passive Aggressiveness
|
"back door" agression, can't or won't be directly aggressive, obscure expression of hostility, subtle, making people feel guilty; sarcasm; and withholding from others are examples, can come from nonassertiveness
|
|
Agressiveness (direct)
|
can be situational or general, intentional, think little of other people and a lot about self, don't like to be criticized but criticizes others, frequent conflicts, very attached to being right
|
|
Communication Climate
|
the emotional tone of the relationship; how much we value and respect the other party, EVERY INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTES TO CLIMATE
|
|
Messages
|
tone of message affects climate
|
|
Tones of Messages
|
Confirming, Rejection/Disagreement, Disconfirming
|
|
Confirming (positive spiral)
|
recognition, acknowledgement, endorsement (agree)
|
|
Disconfirming (negative spiral)
|
ignoring, interruptions, attacking, impersonal response
|
|
Rejection/Disagreement (middle, uncertain, partial negative)
|
Argumentation,
Complaining, Agressiveness |
|
Argumentation
|
present and defend stance on an issue while attacking others IDEAS
|
|
Complaining
|
lack of arguement but still want to voice opinion (peoples behavior, others personal characteristics, etc)
|
|
Aggressiveness
|
tendency to attack the self concept of others to inflict psycological pain, yelling, linked to physical violence, sarcasm,
|
|
Nonverbal Communication
|
those messages expressed by other than linguistic means, and messages expressed by vocal means that dont incolve language
|
|
Types of Nonverbal Communication
|
Enviornmental cues, proxemics, kinesics, haptics, appearance, paralanguage/linguistics
|
|
Enviornmental Cues
|
enviornment speaks to overall communication process, enviornment suggests how to behave or feel
|
|
Proxemics
|
Use of space in communication process
|
|
Intimate distance
|
touch to 18 inches; people be like and care about, doctors, dentist, etc
|
|
Personal Distance
|
18 inches to 4 feet, friends, classmates, parties, social
|
|
Social Distance
|
4 feet to 12 feet, social roles, strangers, salespeople, business
|
|
Public Distance
|
12 feet plus, one way communication
|
|
Kinesics
|
body movement and gestures; facial expressions, eye contact, hand movements, body orientation, posture
|
|
Facial Expressions
|
emotion, masking of emotions
|
|
Eye contact
|
women maintain more than men, men ae usually speaker
|
|
Body Orientation
|
Shoulder position indicates interest
|
|
Posture
|
indicates emotional state
|
|
Haptics
|
study of touch; US culure is no touch culture, touch decreases with age, children don't follow touch rules, touch is asociated with good health, female children are touched more than male children
|
|
Appearance
|
accessories, artifacts (things we own), clothing; TRUSTWORTHYNESS, SOCIAL POSITION, INCOME, LEVEL OF SUCCESS, EDUCATION, AND MORAL CHARACTER ARE ALL JUDGED BASED ON APPEARANCE AND HOW ONE DRESSES
|
|
Paralanguage/Linguistics
|
volume, pitch, rate, emphasis, silence, tone, articulation, laughter, sighs; ALL CHANGE MESSAGE
|