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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is risk reduction?
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emphasizes strategies to prevent chronic diseases´ events as an integral component of healthy behavior
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nurses educate what kind of peopl? and about what?
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at high risk for morbidity or mortality
risk reduction strategies |
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what is health promotion
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a process of fostering awareness, influencing attitudes, and identifying alternatives so that an individual can make informed lifestyle choi
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what 3 things does health promotion target?
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personal habits, lifestyle patterns, and the environment
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what is disease prevention?
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the broadest in scope of healthy living promotion
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what 3 things was healthy people 2000 wanting to accomplish in the next 10 yrs?
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increase span of healthy life, reduce health disparities, and provide access to preventive services for all
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what 2 things does healthy people 2010 want to achieve?
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increase quality and years of healthy life, eliminate health disparities
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what are the 10 leading health indicators in healthy people 2010?
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physical activity, overweight and obesity, tobacco use, substance abuse, responsible sexual behavior, mental health, injury&violence, immunizaitons, access to health care
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what is the nurse's role in healthy people 2010?
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provide/offer preventive health services
monitoring behaviors help clients to make decisions |
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what are some of the nurse's roles in health promotion?
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advocate, care manager, consultant, deliverer of services, educator, healer, researcher
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functional health pattern framework: ___'s functional health patterns; characterized by their focus?such as?
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Gordon's
pattern, individual environmental, age-developmental, functional-performance, cultural |
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what are 11 different functional health patterns?
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health perception health management pattern, nutrition-metabolic pattern, elimination pattern, activity-exercise pattern, sleep-rest pattern, cognitive-perceptual pattern, self-perception--self-concept pattern, roles-relationships patterns, sexuality-reproductive pattern, coping-stress tolerance pattern, values beliefs pattern
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what degree of prevention is screening?
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2ndary
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what is phenylketonuria?
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a genetic lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase; increases blood levels of phenylalanine
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what does this lead to?
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irreversible brain and CNS damage
severe mental retardation |
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what test do they use? and when is it normaly given?
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"Guthrie test"
to newborns before discharge and at 2wks; if positive--dietary control of phenylalanine |
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what kind of women are at high risk for breast cancer?
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-nulliparous
-early menarche and menopause later -first child in late 30s -fibrocysitc disease of breast -family history of breast cancer -extended use of estrogen -obesity/increased fat diet |
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what kind of screening for breast cancer?
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mammogram every 1-2yrs at 40-years old
clinical breast examination breast self examination |
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what is the test for checking for cervical cancer? when&how often?
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papanicolaou (Pap) Smear; all women 21and older, then every 3 years
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who is at high risk for cervical cancer?
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low socioeconomic, multiple sex partners, early first sexual intercouse, smokers, women with certain types of human papilloma virus and HIV
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when should screening for cororectal cancer begin?
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50yrs old
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what are 3 different types of screening?
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annual fecal occult blood test and flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years
colonoscopy every 10 years or double contrast barium enema every 5-10 years digital rectal exam each screening |
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what are some high risk groups for colorectal cancer?
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history of inflammatory bowel disease, family history of colorectal cancer, previously diagnosed with colorectal cancer, polyps, history of endometrial, ovarian, or breast cancer
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what age does prostate cancer become a risk?
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50; higher among black males
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what are the screenings for this?
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digital rectal exam, PSA-serum tumor marker prostate specific antigen
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what age should screenings for cholesterol be done for male and female?
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men: 35-65 every 5yrs
women: 45-65 every 5yrs |
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what is the test?
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total cholesterol
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) |
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how often should screening for hypertension be done?
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every 2yrs or with immediate follow-up depending on results
-must treat systolic>140 regardless of diastolic |
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what is glaucoma?
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increase intraocular pressure due to obstruction of outflow of aqueous humor-interior eye and damages optic nerve causing loss of vision
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how is glaucoma diagnosed?
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increased intraocular pressure with tonometer
damage of optic nerve visual field loss |
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who are at risk for HIV?
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treatment of STDs, male homosexuals, past/present intravenous drug user, multiple sex partners, sex for money/drugs, history of blood transfusions between 1978-1985, sexual partner with HIV
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what is the test for HIV?
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enzyme immunoasay(EIA)
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what are some complications in children due to lead poisoning?
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developmental delays, behavioral problems, seizures, coma/death
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what are some complications in adults?
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anemia, nervous system dysfunction, kidney disease, hypertension, diseased fertility and miscarriages
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what are the tests for lead poisoning?
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blood lead(most sensitive), free erythrocyte or zinc protoporphyrin levels-recommended for all 12month children at risk
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there are 2 types of diabetes mellitus?
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type 1-childhood
type 2-adult onset |
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screening is done for adults with?
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hypertension or hyperlipidemia at 3 year intervals
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what are the 2 tests done?
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fasting plasma glucose
oral glucose tolerance |
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what is glaucoma?
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increase intraocular pressure due to obstruction of outflow of aqueous humor-interior eye and damages optic nerve causing loss of vision
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how is glaucoma diagnosed?
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increased intraocular pressure with tonometer
damage of optic nerve visual field loss |
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who are at risk for HIV?
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treatment of STDs, male homosexuals, past/present intravenous drug user, multiple sex partners, sex for money/drugs, history of blood transfusions between 1978-1985, sexual partner with HIV
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what is the test for HIV?
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enzyme immunoasay(EIA)
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what are some complications in children due to lead poisoning?
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developmental delays, behavioral problems, seizures, coma/death
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what is learning?
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occurs when there is a mental change characterized by rearrangement of neural pathways
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what is teaching?
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the process of deliberatley arranging external conditions to promote the internal transformation that results in a change in behavior
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what is heath education?
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any combination of planned learning experiences based on sound theories that provide individuals, groups, or communitites the opportunity to acquire the info and the skills needed to make quality health decisions. Goal is to acheive optimal health
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what are some adult learning principles?
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-adults are independent learners, readiness to learn arises from life's changes, past experiences are resources for learning, adults learn best when topic is of immediate value, adults approach learning as problem solving, adults see themselves as doers, adults resist learning when conditions are incongruent with their self-concepts
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what are the stages of chang?
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precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination
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what are 3 skills needed by a nurse for educating?
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knowledge of subject, communication skills, empathy
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what are the 5 parts of the teaching process?
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assessment, diagnosis, plan, implementation, evaluation
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assessement?
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physical, psychological sociocultural, and educational characteristics of patient
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