Adp 3-0 Unified Land Operations

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Unified Land Operations

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ADP 3-0

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Unified Land Operations Described

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how the Army seizes, retains, and exploits the initiative to gain and maintain a position of relative advantage in sustained land operations through simultaneous offensive, defensive, and stability operations

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What is Unified Land Operations

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Army’s basic warfighting doctrine and is the Army’s contribution to unified action

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The United States Army

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America’s sons and daughters, men and women of courage and character, and leaders of consequence—bonded together in a profession of Arms—organized, trained, and equipped to be the most decisive land force in the world

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Army doctrine

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a body of thought on how Army forces operate as an integral part of a joint force

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operational variables (PMESII-PT) consist of

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political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, time (PMESII-PT)

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the Operational Environment

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composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the decisions of the commander

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Army leaders plan, prepare, execute, and assess operations by analyzing the operational environment by using what variables

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operational variables and mission variables

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mission variables( METT-TC) consist of

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mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations (METT-TC)

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METT-TC

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mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations

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PMESII-PT

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political, military, economic, social, information, infrastructure, physical environment, time

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most likely security threats that Army forces

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hybrid threats

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hybrid threats

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diverse and dynamic combination of regular forces, irregular forces, terrorist forces, criminal elements, or a combination of these forces and elements all unified to achieve mutually benefitting effects

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two most challenging potential enemy threats

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nonstate entity and a nuclear-capable nation-state

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nonstate enemy threat

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can employ advanced information technology, conventional military forces armed with modern equipment, and irregular forces at various levels of organization, training, and equipment

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nuclear-capable nation-state

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entity possessing weapons of mass destruction or other unique methods to challenge U.S. dominance

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Army’s two core competencies

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combined arms maneuver and wide area security

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the Army’s two core competencies enable Army forces to achieve

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defeat or destroy an enemy, seize or occupy key terrain, protect or secure critical assets and populations, and revent the enemy from gaining a position of advantage

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philosophy of mission command

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exercise of authority and direction by the commander using mission orders to enable disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent

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foundation of unified land operations

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initiative, decisive action, and mission command

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How does the Army seize, retain and exploit the initiative?

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striking the enemy, both lethally and nonlethally, in time, places, or manners for which the enemy is not prepared

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seizing the initiative

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setting and dictating the terms of action

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How does seizing the initiative affect the enemy?

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degrades the enemy’s ability to function as a coherent force

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What must Leaders do to prevent an enemy’s recovery and retain the initiative?

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follow up with a series of actions that destroy enemy capabilities, seize decisive terrain, protect populations and critical infrastructure, and degrade the coherence of the enemy force

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From an enemy point of view, what must U.S. operations be?

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rapid, unpredictable, and disorienting

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How do Army forces conduct decisive and sustainable land operations?

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through the simultaneous combination of offensive, defensive, and stability operations

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Offensive Operations

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operations conducted to defeat and destroy enemy forces and seize terrain, resources, and population centers

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types of Offensive Operations

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movement to contact, attack, exploitation, and pursuit

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Defensive Operations

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operations conducted to defeat an enemy attack, gain time, economize forces, and develop conditions favorable for offensive and stability tasks

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types of Defensive Operations

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mobile defense, area defense, and retrograde

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Stability Operations

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military missions, tasks, and activities conducted outside the United States to maintain or reestablish a safe and secure environment

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five tasks for Stability Operations

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establish civil security, establish civil control, restore essential services, support to governance, and support to economic and infrastructure development

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the tasks for Department of Defense support to U.S. civil authorities

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provide support for domestic disasters; provide support for domestic chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives incidents; provide support for domestic civilian law enforcement agencies; and provide other designated support

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Combined Arms Maneuver

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the application of the elements of combat power in unified action to defeat enemy ground forces

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Wide Area Security

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application of the elements of combat power in unified action to protect populations, forces, infrastructure,
and activities

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Mission Command Philosophy

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the exercise of authority and direction by the commander using mission orders to enable disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent to empower agile and adaptive leaders

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“Operation”

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military action, consisting of two of more related tactical actions, designed to achieve a strategic objective

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Tactical Action

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battle or engagement, employing lethal or nonlethal actions, designed for a specific purpose relative to the enemy, the terrain, friendly forces, or other entity

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characteristics of an Army Operation

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flexibility, integration, lethality, adaptability, depth, and synchronization

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What can Leaders achieve by demonstrating flexibility?

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tactical, operational, and strategic success