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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The body's ability to recognize and defend itself against specific invaders and their products, produced over time.
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Adaptive Immunity
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the molecules that trigger specific immune responses
body must recognize the molecule as foreign |
Antigens
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3-D regions of antigens whose shapes are reconized by cells of the immune system
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Epitopes
(antigenic determinants) |
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Antigens that originate from microbes located outside body's cells
-toxins, secretions, structures |
Exogenous antigens
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Antigens from bac/protozoa/fungi/viruses that reproduce inside a body's cells
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Endogenous Antigens
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Antigens found on normal uninfected host cells, prevent body from immune response on itself, immune cells that recognize them have to be purged in immune development.
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Autoantigens
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Soluble proteins that bind to Antigens
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Antibodies
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Secrete Antibodies
-from red bone marow -found in lymph nodes (few blood) - BCRs (receptors) recognize epitopes and generate antibodies against them |
B Lymphocytes
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make up majority of BLymphocytes
-secrete antibody comp to determinant -Shot-lived |
Plasma Cells
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BLymphocytes
-do not secrete antibodies -receptors comp to determinant that triggered their production -Long-lived |
Memory B cells
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body edits lymphocytes to eliminate any self-reactive cells, so no immune responses directed against autoanitgens
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Lymphocyte Editing
(Clonal Deletion) |
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CIrculate in lymph and blood, act directly against antigens, dont secrete antibodies!
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T Lymphocytes
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Apoptosis
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cell death
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Directly kill certain cells, infected or abnormal
-secrete Perforin & Granzyme |
Cytotoxic T Cells
Tc |
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help regulate the activities of B cells and Tc cells
-process antigens to present them to present them to B and Tc cells |
Helper T cells
Th |
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Immune response acquired in daily life
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naturally acquired
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immunity acquired via a vaccine
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Artificially acquired
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Administration of a vaccine so that the patient actively mounts a protective immune response- slow development
Long-lasting (boosters) |
Active immunization
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acquire immunity through the transfer of antibodies formed by an immune individual or animal, strong immediate protection
NOT long-lasting |
Passive immunization
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Serum used for passive immunizations
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Antiserum
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Vaccines that use pathogens with reduced virulence so they dont cause disease
triggers Th and Tc cell response |
Attenuated (LIVE) Vaccines
-MMR, smallpox |
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Vaccines use deactivated but whole microbes or antigenic fragments
-exogenous antigens -Th response to promote antibody prod |
Inactivated (Killed) Vaccines
-HepB, Polio, Rabies |
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Chemically or thermally modified toxins used to stimulte active immunity, multiple doses, for bacterial diseases
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Toxoid Vaccines
-diptheria, tetanus |
