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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does thiazide do to Calcium |
Increases it as it increases reabsorption as it wants bigger thighs :)
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When is corticosteroids useful in hypercalcaemia
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Only in haematological malignancy, Vit D toxicity and sarcoidosis
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What does Calcium do to QT
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Calcium is like a frog. It does opposite things.
Hypercalcaemia shortens QT Hypocalcaemia prologs QT |
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What makes up positive cation of anion gap
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Na
K Ca Mag Lithium Positvely charged protein from MM and polyclonal gammopathies |
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What makes up negative anion of anion gap |
Albumin (measured anion and contributes to almost the whole value of anion gap) |
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How do you compensate for low albumin in anion gap
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Low albumin = low anion gap (this may be false) |
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What cases elevation of anion gap
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1. HAGMA usually <30
2. Metabolic alkalosis 3. Respiratory alkalosis |
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Minerocaroticoid ction
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Absorb Na
Excrete H and CL and K |
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indication for IV bicarbonate therapy
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1. Arrest
2. Severe hyperkalaemia 3. Severe hypochlroaemic acidaemia - as bicatnoate cannot be quickly regenerated, may temporaries 4. Poisoning, TCA, salicylates, , Toxic alcohols DKA - no indication |
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What causes hypocalcaemia in Rhabdo
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Deposition of Ca in the necrotic tissue
as t is mobilised, hypercalcaemai can ensue |
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What is the relevance of uric acid in rhabdo |
Secondary to release of muscle nucleotides
Usually correlate well to serum CK |
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Define SIADH |
Hypotonicity Urinary osmaliaty > plasma osmolality Normovolaemia Elevated urinary Na >20mmol/L Nornal adrenal, renal ,c ardiac, thyroid and heaptic function Correctable with water restriction |
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What does lithium causes long term |
Daibetes insipidus Hypothyroidism |
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What drug causes euvolaemic hyponatraemia |
MOrphine NSAID Carbamazepine otoxicity |
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Can paracetamol causes HAGMA |
Yes If it causes metabolic acidosis with severe hepatotoxicity and fulminant hepatic failure |
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Electrolyte abnormality in Rhabodmyolysis |
Hypocalcaemia Hypyperphosphataemia Hyperkalaemia High uric acid |
