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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acid base balance defined |
The regulation of H+ in body fluids. * most important aspect of homeostasis |
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Acidosis |
A high concentration of H+, pH over 7.4 |
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Alkalosis |
A low concentration of H+, a pH below 7.4 |
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Normal pH |
7.4 |
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3 Systems that regulate pH |
Buffer, Respiratory, Kidney |
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Buffer system |
All body fluids are supplied with buffer systems, combine immediately with acid or base. Acts within seconds |
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Respiratory Center |
Elevated H+, stimulates to increase rate of breathing to blow off excess CO2. Acute adjustment in 1•12 minutes. Chronic adjustment in a day. |
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Kidneys |
∆ from 7.4, alkaline or acid urine excreted. *Most Powerful acid•base system. Hours to days to ∆ pH |
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3 Buffer Systems |
Bicarbonate, Phosphate, Protein |
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Bicarbonate Buffer System |
Most important buffer, CO2 stimulate respiratory system & HCO3 regulated by kidney. pH regulated up/down. |
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Phosphate Buffer System |
Most powerful buffet. Proteins of cells & plasma high concentrations. 2 sides Carboxyl end (acid) releases H+ when pH rises. Amino end ( base) bonds to H+ if pH is too low. Hemoglobin inside RBC's is a good buffet for H2CO3(carbonic acid). |
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3/4 of chemicals buffering power... |
Of body fluids is inside the cross, most results from intracellular protein |
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Respiratory System |
Concentration of H+ in arterial blood & aveolar ventilation. Physiological type of buffer system
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H+ too high, respiratory system |
Becomes more active, ventilation increases. CO2 concentration decreases, H+ returns to normal |
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H+ too low, respiratory system |
Becomes depressed:alveolar ventilation drops, H+ concentration returns to normal |
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When respiratory system cannot fix pH |
When some abnormality outside the respiratory system has ∆ Phone. |
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Kidneys |
Control ECF H+ concentration by excreting acidic or alkalonic urine. |
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Large amounts of HCO3 ions filtered: |
Continually into glomerular filtrate removes base from blood |
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Oppositely large amounts of H+ ions: |
Are secreted at the same time into renal tubular lumens removing H+ from ECF |
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Respiratory acidosis example causes |
•damage to respiratory system •obstruction of passage of respiratory tractor •pneumonia •decreased pulmonary membrane area •any factor that interferes with gas exchange between blood & alveolar air |
