Ace Review Of Diabetes And Gi Systems

Front 1

What are neuropathies?

Back 1

Nerve endings might not be firing correctly, especially in the fingers and toes
(associated with Diabetes)

Front 2

What is a chronic disease of increased serum glucose and microvascular disease of the kidney and eye and clinical neuropathies?

Back 2

Diabetes Mellitus

Front 3

What are these symptoms of?

Sudden onset up to 40 years
Polydispnia, Polyuria
Loss of weight, loss of strength, irritability, malaise
Juicy fruit odor of breath

Back 3

Type I Diabetes

Front 4

What are these symptoms of?

Occurs after 40 years in obese patients
Blurred vision
Urination at night
Loss of sensation

Back 4

Diabetes II

Front 5

What are these medications for?

Diabeta
Glyburide
Glipizide

Back 5

Diabetes II

Front 6

What is normal glucose levels and what are levels of diabetes mellitus patients?

Back 6

Normal:70-100mg/dl
DM: >125 mg/dl

Front 7

What is the Hemoglobin A1C: glycohemoglobin for normal patients, good diabetic control, and poor diabetic control?

Back 7

Normal: <7
Good diabetic control: <7
Poor diabetic control: 9-20

Front 8

What is a test to measure the glucose levels 6-12 weeks prior?

Back 8

Hemoglobin A1C

Front 9

T/F
Glycohemoglobin (Hemoglobin A1C) forms by glycosylation of Hgb A in red blood cells and it is elevated in hyperglycemia.

Back 9

True

Front 10

What are the levels of glucose that would indicate diabetes?

Back 10

○ Symptoms & casual (e.g. non-fasting) glucose level 200 mg/dl
○ Fasting blood glucose: 126 mg/dl

Or 2 hr glucose level of 200 mg/dl during glucose tolerance test (two hours after eating)

Front 11

Would a patient with type II diabetes require any alterations to their dental treatment?

Back 11

No

Front 12

T/F
The onset of hyperglycemia for type I diabetes patients is chronic

Back 12

True

Front 13

What diabetic condition has an acute onset where glucose drops to less than 50 mg/dl. Its symptoms include weakness, hunger, sweaty, tremor can progress to unconsciousness?

Back 13

Hypoglycemia
provide glucose to treat condition (fruit juice, glucose tablets, gel)

Front 14

What are some oral manifestations of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus patients?

Back 14

Xerostomia
Candidiasis
Poor wound healing
Caries
Gingivitis, perio disease
Altered sensation: BURNING MOUTH

Front 15

If you have a patient with GI problems, what should you avoid prescribing?

Back 15

Avoid ASA, NSAIDS

(use acetaminophen instead)

Front 16

Many patients with GI problems take acid-blocking drugs like citmetidine. What dental drugs would cimetidine decrease the metabolism for?

Back 16

Diazepam
Lidocain
Tricyclic antidepressants

Front 17

T/F
Patients with GI problems have increased risk of complications associated with HIV or taking antibiotics like clindamycin, cephalosporins, ampicillin

Back 17

True

Front 18

What do these aggressive factors describe the etiology of?

H. pylori
Acid hypersecretion
Cigarette smoking
Use of NSAIDs
Psychological and physical stress

Back 18

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Front 19

What is a transmural process affecting entire bowel wall that may produce ulcerations at any point of the alimentary canal?

Back 19

Crohn's Disease

Front 20

What are some oral manifestations of Crohn's disease?

Back 20

Atypical mucosal ulcerations and diffuse selling of the lips and cheeks

Front 21

What are these symptoms of?
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Anorexia
Fever, malaise
Arthritis
Weight loss
Lesions can appear in segmented fashion anywhere along the GI tract

Back 21

Crohn's Disease

Front 22

T/F
morning appointments are good for patients with GI problems,

Back 22

False
early morning appointments are bad for this group of patients

Front 23

What are the oral manifestations of ulcerative colitis?

Back 23

Aphthous-like lesions - small oral ulcers with white center and red ring on mucosa; not infectious but can be painful

Front 24

What is a mucosal disease limited to the large intestine and rectum?

Back 24

Ulcerative Colitis

Front 25

What are these symptoms of?

Attacks of Diarrhea
Rectal Bleeding
Abdominal Cramps

Back 25

Ulcerative Colitis

Front 26

What systemic anitbiotics are associated with the risk of pseudomembranous colitis?

Back 26

Lincomycin
Ampicillin
Cephalosporins

Front 27

T/F
No reports of pseudomembranous colits exist following short term use of clindamycin for AHA prophylactic regimen.

Back 27

True

Front 28

T/F
Some dental antibiotics are linked to pseudomembranous colitis.

Back 28

False

Front 29

Which antibiotics are known to produce pseudomembranous colitis?

Back 29

Lincomycin, Clindamycin, Ampicillin, Cephalosporins

Front 30

What is indicated by yellow skin and bilirubin?

Back 30

Jaundice from excess bilirubin

Front 31

What does accumulation of fluids and cirrhosis manifest as?

Back 31

Tender swollen liver

Front 32

What does accumulation of fluid due to blockage in the portal circulation indicate?

Back 32

Peripheral edema

Front 33

How does accumulation of fluid in abdomen due to blocked portal circulation manifest?

Back 33

Ascites

Front 34

How does confusion, coma due to accumulation of waste present?

Back 34

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Front 35

How does arteriovenous anastomoses in the face, neck and upper thorax manifest?

Back 35

Spider angiomas

Front 36

What sign of liver disease is blotchy erythema caused by vasodilation?

Back 36

Palmer erythema

Front 37

What sign of liver disease is impaired conjugation of bilirubin?

Back 37

Bilirubinemia

Front 38

What sign of liver disease affects ALT, AST, Alkaline Phosphatase, and GGTP from damaged hepatocytes?

Back 38

Increased enzyme levels

Front 39

What sign of liver disease involves insufficient coagulation factors and vitamin K deficiency?

Back 39

Prolonged Prothrombin Time