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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What four sarcomas classically metastasize to lymph nodes?
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Rhabdomyosarcoma
Synovial sarcoma Epithelioid sarcoma Clear cell sarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma |
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What are the two components of the population most commonly affected?
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Age <20 years old
Males > females |
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What is the relative frequency of rhabdomyosarcoma among sarcomas in this population?
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Most common sarcoma in children and young adults
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What subtype is most common?
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Alveolar
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What is the histologic appearance of rhabdomyosarcoma?
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Racquet-shaped cells and spindles
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What are the three components of the treatment?
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Preoperative chemotherapy
Wide resection Radiation |
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Synovial sarcoma is the most common sarcoma in what location?
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Foot
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Where is the mass generally located in relation to the joint?
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Ptoximal to the joint
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Sytnovial sarcoma must be differentiated from what two conditions?
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Synovial chondromatosis (nondestructive; no bony
involvement) Heterotopic ossification (25% of synovial sarcomas have calcification within lesion) |
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What is the histologic appearance of synovial sarcoma?
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Biphasic (epithelial and spindle cell components)
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What are the two components of treatment?
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Wide resection
Radiation |
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What population (age, sex) is most commonly affected? What is the overall frequency of this tumor?
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Ages 10 to 35
Male Rare tumor |
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Epithelioid sarcoma is the most common sarcoma in what location?
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Most common upper extremity soft tissue sarcoma
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What is the classic physical exam finding?
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Subcutaneous nodule within the hand
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What are the two histologic features of epithelioid sarcoma?
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Nodules
Epithelioid cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and necrotic center |
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Quick review: what two other conditions are also associated with hand nodules in young patients?
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Calcified aponeurotic fibroma
Nodular fasciitis |
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Is calcifying aponeurotic fibroma benign or malignant?
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Benign
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Is calcifying aponeurotic fibroma painful or painless?
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Painless
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In what anatomic location does nodular fasciitis most commonly occur?
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Volar surfaces of the upper extremity
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Is nodular fasciitis painful or painless?
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Painful
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ls nodular fasciitis slowly or rapidly progressive?
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Rapidly progressive
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Quick review: what organism may cause an infection with hand nodules?
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Mycobacterium marinum
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With what translocation is clear cell sarcoma associated?
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12:22
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Clear cell sarcoma is histologically similar to what other neoplasm?
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Melanoma (see pigmented melanin)
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How can clear cell sarcoma be differentiated from liposarcoma on histology?
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Clear cell sarcoma has fewer cells with clear cytoplasm
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What is the classic plain radiographic appearance of vertebral body hemangioma?
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Jail-house stiiations
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How is the CT appearance classically described?
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Polka dot vertebral body
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Compare with the plain radiographic appearance of soft tissue hemangioma?
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May reveal small phleboliths
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What is the histologic appearance of hemangioma?
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Endothelial-cell lined vascular channels
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What population is at risk of developing hemangioendothelioma?
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All ages affected
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ls it benign or malignant?
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Malignant
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What is the plain radiographic appearance?
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Multiple small lytic ovals in one bone
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What is the histologic appearance?
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Tumor cells form vascular spaces
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What is the treatment of low-grade hemangioendothelioma?
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Radiation alone
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