Abnormal Psychology (Psych 238)- Joel Thomas

Front 1

psychosis

Back 1

being unable to tell the difference between what is real and unreal

Front 2

schizophrenia spectrum

Back 2

-the 5 domains of symptoms the DSM-V refers to diagnose the disorder

-- 4 positive symptoms

------>delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech/thoughts, disorganized motor behavior (catatonia)

-- negative symptoms (e.g restricted emotional expressions or affect)

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Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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- delusions

- hallucinations

- disorganized thought and speech

- disorganized motor behavior (catatonia)

* these represent overt expressions of unusual perceptions, thoughts, and behavior

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delusion

Back 4

an idea that an individual believes are true, but are highly unlikely and often impossible

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persecutory delusion

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false belief that oneself or ones loved ones are being persecuted, watched or conspired against others

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delusion of reference

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belief that everyday events, objects, or other people have an unusual personal significance

eg. people on TV are talking to you specifically

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grandiose delusion

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false belief that one has great power, knowledge, or talent OR that one is a famous and powerful person

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erotomatic delusion

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that false belief that someone is in love you

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nihilistic delusion

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the belief that a major catastrophe will occur

eg. the world is ending

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somatic delusion

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the belief that one has serious health problems

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delusion of though insertion

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beliefs that one's thoughts are being controlled by outside forces

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hallucinations

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unreal perceptual experiences that can be auditory (most common), visual, or tactile

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formal thought disorder

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the disorganized thinking of people with schizophrenia

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loose association/ derailment

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the tendency to slip from one topic to a seemingly unrelated topic with little coherent transitions

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neologisms

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making up words that only mean something to oneself

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catatonia

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- disorganized behavior that reflects unresponsiveness to the environment

- ranges from showing extreme mania to lack of verbal or motor responses

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negative symptoms

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aspects of normal behavior and social relationships that should be present, but are absent

-anhedonia

-alogia

-avolition

- blunted/flat/ restricted affect

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blunted/flat (PPT) OR restricted (in book) affect

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- lack of expressiveness

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anhedonia

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lack of pleasure of interest

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alogia

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lack of spontaneous speech

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avolition/ asociality

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- lack of will power

- physically slowed down in their movements and unmotivated

- lack of desire to interact with people

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Acute phase (of Schizophrenia)

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- when 2 or more symptoms of psychosis ( either hallucinations, delusions or disorganized speech) are constantly present for at least 1 month

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Prodromal phase

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- before the acute phase, showing negative symptoms or other symptoms of less severity

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Residual Phase

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- after the acute phase, showing negative symptoms or other symptoms of less severity

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Schizoaffective Disorder

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- a mix of schizophrenia and a mood disorder

----> people with this disorder experience psychotic symptoms and prominent mood symptoms ( meeting the criteria for major depressive or manic episode)

- requires 2 weeks of hallucinations or delusions without prominent mood symptoms

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Schizophreniform Disorder

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- Meets certain criteria for Schizophrenia

- positive and negative symptoms

- no major depressive or manic episodes, - not attributed to any substances or medical conditions

- episodic duration last at least 1 month but less than 6 months

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Brief Psychotic Disorder

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- show sudden onset of positive/ negative symptoms of schizophrenia

- episodic duration last between 1 day and 1 month

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Delusional Disorder

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- non-bizarre delusions are the psychotic symptoms lasting at least 1 month

- other schizophrenic symptoms are largely ABSENT

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Mood Disorders with Psychotic Symptoms

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- psychotic symptoms occur during manic or depressive episodes

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Schizotypal Personality Disorder

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- a personality disorder characterized by a need for social isolation, anxiety in social situations, odd behavior and thinking, and often unconventional beliefs.